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... ... @@ -1,19 +1,15 @@ 1 -** Table ofContents:**1 + **Contents:** 2 2 3 3 {{toc/}} 4 4 5 5 6 - 7 7 = 1. Introduction = 8 8 9 - 10 10 The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as: 11 11 12 12 * No internet connection. 13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT 11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]). 14 14 15 - 16 - 17 17 ((( 18 18 The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements: 19 19 ))) ... ... @@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ 22 22 1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]] 23 23 1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)** 24 24 25 - 26 - 27 - 28 28 = 2. How it works = 29 29 30 30 ... ... @@ -35,65 +35,53 @@ 35 35 36 36 (% class="box infomessage" %) 37 37 ((( 38 - **AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df 39 39 AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33 40 -AT+DADDR=2602111D **33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D 41 41 ))) 42 42 43 43 ((( 44 44 and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92. 45 - 46 - 47 47 ))) 48 48 49 49 We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption. 50 50 42 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]] 51 51 52 -[[image:image-20220527161119-1.png]] 53 - 54 - 55 55 Input the ABP keys in LG308 56 56 57 57 58 - 59 59 == 2.1 Upstream == 60 60 61 - 62 62 Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308. 63 63 64 64 ((( 65 -We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive. 66 - 67 - 52 +We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive 68 68 ))) 69 69 70 -[[image:image -20220527161149-2.png]]55 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]] 71 71 57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command 72 72 73 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command 74 74 75 - 76 - 77 77 The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it. 78 78 79 79 (% class="box" %) 80 80 ((( 81 81 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 82 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%) ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR83 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload65 +0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%) ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR 66 +0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload 84 84 000001c 85 85 ))) 86 86 87 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -9788 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.589 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff0070 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97 71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5 72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 90 90 91 - 92 - 93 93 (% class="box" %) 94 94 ((( 95 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:96 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world**(%%)to send ASCII string76 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below: 77 +in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string 97 97 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 98 98 0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546 99 99 0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400 ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world" ... ... @@ -100,19 +100,15 @@ 100 100 000001c 101 101 ))) 102 102 103 - 104 104 (% class="box" %) 105 105 ((( 106 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.86 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload. 107 107 ))) 108 108 109 - 110 - 111 111 === 2.2.1 Decode Method === 112 112 91 +The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent. 113 113 114 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent. 115 - 116 116 For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are: 117 117 118 118 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -123,7 +123,6 @@ 123 123 000001c 124 124 ))) 125 125 126 - 127 127 If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data: 128 128 129 129 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -130,10 +130,9 @@ 130 130 ((( 131 131 Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 132 132 Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII 133 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**109 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00 134 134 ))) 135 135 136 - 137 137 If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data 138 138 139 139 (% class="box" %) ... ... @@ -140,34 +140,28 @@ 140 140 ((( 141 141 Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 142 142 Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65 143 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: **(% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,144 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} (%%)**118 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9, 119 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} 145 145 ))) 146 146 147 147 Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI. 148 148 149 149 150 - 151 151 === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node === 152 152 127 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI 153 153 154 - **1.**ConfiguretheABP keys for yourendnodein thegateway.enable ABP decode inWeb UI129 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN. 155 155 156 - **2.**Don'tchooseMQTTservice,useLoRaWAN.131 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR 157 157 158 - **3.**Whenyourendnodesendamessage tothegateway,therewill beafilestore in/var/iot/channels.fullpath shouldbe /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR133 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running: 159 159 160 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running: 161 - 162 162 {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR 163 163 }}} 164 164 165 - **5.**What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.138 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice: 166 166 167 - 168 -(% style="color:red" %) 169 -**Some notice:** 170 - 171 171 * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field. 172 172 * If you rename the file, please make it executable. 173 173 * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]] ... ... @@ -175,52 +175,43 @@ 175 175 * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT 176 176 * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send. 177 177 178 - 179 - 180 - 181 181 == 2.2 Downstream == 182 182 183 - 184 184 In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used 185 185 186 186 The file should use below format: 187 187 188 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**153 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload** 189 189 190 - 191 191 Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option 192 192 193 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**157 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow** 194 194 195 -* **dev_addr:**Inptu the device address196 -* **imme/time:**159 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address 160 +* imme/time: 197 197 ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node. 198 198 ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node 199 -* **txt/hex:**163 +* txt/hex: 200 200 ** txt: send payload in ASCII 201 201 ** hex: send payload in HEX 202 -* **payload:**payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.203 -* **txpw:**Transmit Power. example: 20204 -* **txbw:**bandwidth:166 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement. 167 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20 168 +* txbw: bandwidth: 205 205 ** 1: 500 kHz 206 206 ** 2: 250 kHz 207 207 ** 3: 125 kHz 208 208 ** 4: 62.5 kHz 209 -* **SF:**Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12210 -* **Frequency:**Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000211 -* **rxwindow:**transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.173 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12 174 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000 175 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window. 212 212 177 +Completely exmaple: 213 213 179 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test 180 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test 214 214 215 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completelyexmaple:**182 +(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency** 216 216 217 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test 218 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test 219 - 220 - 221 - 222 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency:** 223 - 224 224 The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below: 225 225 226 226 * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125) ... ... @@ -232,28 +232,32 @@ 232 232 * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125 233 233 * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125 234 234 195 +(% class="mark" %)**Examples:** 235 235 236 - 237 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:** 238 - 239 239 (% class="box" %) 240 240 ((( 241 241 we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream. 242 242 root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test 201 +))) 243 243 244 - 245 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 203 +(% class="box" %) 204 +((( 205 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 246 246 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test 247 247 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90 248 248 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems). 209 +))) 249 249 250 - 251 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 211 +(% class="box" %) 212 +((( 213 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 252 252 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000) 253 253 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17 216 +))) 254 254 255 - 256 -**3)** and the end node will got: 218 +(% class="box" %) 219 +((( 220 +3) and the end node will got: 257 257 [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~** 258 258 [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0 259 259 Update Interval: 60000 ms ... ... @@ -264,10 +264,12 @@ 264 264 [5767501]rxDone 265 265 Rssi= -41 266 266 Receive data 267 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678** (%%) ~-~-> Hex 231 +2:12345678 ~-~-> Hex 232 +))) 268 268 269 - 270 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 234 +(% class="box" %) 235 +((( 236 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 271 271 [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~** 272 272 [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0 273 273 Update Interval: 60000 ms ... ... @@ -278,19 +278,16 @@ 278 278 [5958595]rxDone 279 279 Rssi= -37 280 280 Receive data 281 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%)~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"247 +2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678" 282 282 ))) 283 283 284 - 285 - 286 286 = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L = 287 287 288 - 289 289 Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]] 290 290 291 291 (% class="box" %) 292 292 ((( 293 - //#!/bin/sh256 +#!/bin/sh 294 294 # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server 295 295 # 296 296 # Hardware Prepare: ... ... @@ -323,54 +323,40 @@ 323 323 # Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 324 324 # Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 325 325 # So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm 326 -# whether the Device 2 has been changed. //289 +# whether the Device 2 has been changed. 327 327 ))) 328 328 292 +~1. Input keys 329 329 330 - (% style="color:blue" %)**1.Inputkeys**294 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 331 331 332 - 333 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]] 334 - 335 335 Input Keys in LPS8 336 336 298 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test. 337 337 300 +3. Choose Built-in server 338 338 339 - (% style="color:blue" %)**2.MakeuretheLPS8andLTuse the same frequency bands, chooseEU868inthis test.**302 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]] 340 340 341 - 342 -(% style="color:blue" %)**3. Choose Built-in server** 343 - 344 - 345 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]] 346 - 347 347 Choose Built-in server 348 348 306 +4. Run the script. 349 349 308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]] 350 350 351 -(% style="color:blue" %)**4. Run the script.** 352 - 353 - 354 -[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]] 355 - 356 356 Run the script 357 357 312 +5. Output: 358 358 314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]] 359 359 360 -(% style="color:blue" %)**5. Output:** 361 - 362 - 363 -[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]] 364 - 365 365 Output from LPS8 366 366 367 367 368 - 369 369 = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server = 370 370 321 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]] 371 371 372 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]] 373 - 374 374 Network Structure 375 375 376 376 ... ... @@ -377,45 +377,34 @@ 377 377 Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here: 378 378 379 379 380 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%):**[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**329 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]] 381 381 331 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907** 382 382 383 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907** 384 - 385 - 386 386 Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway: 387 387 388 -[[image:image-2 0220527162852-8.png]]335 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 389 389 390 390 Input Keys in LPS8 391 391 339 +run socket tool in PC 392 392 341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]] 393 393 394 -(% style="color:blue" %)**run socket tool in PC** 395 - 396 - 397 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]] 398 - 399 - 400 400 Socket tool 401 401 402 402 346 +Input Server address and port 403 403 404 - (% style="color:blue" %)**InputServeraddress and port**348 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]] 405 405 406 - 407 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]] 408 - 409 409 Input Server address and port 410 410 411 411 353 +See value receive in socket tool. : 412 412 413 - (% style="color:blue" %)**See valuereceiveinsocket tool:**355 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]] 414 414 415 - 416 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]] 417 - 418 418 value receive in socket tool 419 419 420 - 421 421 If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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