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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
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20 20  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
21 21  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
22 22  
23 -
24 -
25 -
26 26  = 2. How it works =
27 27  
28 28  
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33 33  
34 34  (% class="box infomessage" %)
35 35  (((
36 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
37 37  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
38 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
39 39  )))
40 40  
41 41  (((
42 42  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
43 -
44 -
45 45  )))
46 46  
47 47  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -53,7 +53,6 @@
53 53  
54 54  == 2.1 Upstream ==
55 55  
56 -
57 57  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
58 58  
59 59  (((
... ... @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
62 62  
63 63  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
64 64  
65 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
66 66  
67 67  
68 68  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -75,9 +75,9 @@
75 75  000001c
76 76  )))
77 77  
78 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
79 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
80 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
81 81  
82 82  (% class="box" %)
83 83  (((
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91 91  
92 92  (% class="box" %)
93 93  (((
94 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
95 95  )))
96 96  
97 97  
98 98  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
99 99  
100 -
101 101  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
102 102  
103 103  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
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110 110  000001c
111 111  )))
112 112  
113 -
114 114  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
115 115  
116 116  (% class="box" %)
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120 120  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
121 121  )))
122 122  
123 -
124 124  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
125 125  
126 126  (% class="box" %)
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134 134  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
135 135  
136 136  
137 -
138 138  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
139 139  
128 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
140 140  
141 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
130 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
142 142  
143 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
132 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
144 144  
145 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
134 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
146 146  
147 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
148 -
149 149  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
150 150  }}}
151 151  
152 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
139 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
153 153  
154 -
155 -(% style="color:red" %)
156 -**Some notice:**
157 -
158 158  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
159 159  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
160 160  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
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163 163  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
164 164  
165 165  
149 +
166 166  == 2.2 Downstream ==
167 167  
168 -
169 169  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
170 170  
171 171  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -176,31 +176,30 @@
176 176  
177 177  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
178 178  
179 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
180 -* **imme/time:**
162 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
163 +* imme/time:
181 181  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
182 182  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
183 -* **txt/hex:**
166 +* txt/hex:
184 184  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
185 185  ** hex: send payload in HEX
186 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
187 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
188 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
169 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
170 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
171 +* txbw: bandwidth:
189 189  ** 1: 500 kHz
190 190  ** 2: 250 kHz
191 191  ** 3: 125 kHz
192 192  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
193 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
194 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
195 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
176 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
177 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
178 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
196 196  
180 +Completely exmaple:
197 197  
198 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
182 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
183 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
199 199  
200 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
201 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
202 202  
203 -
204 204  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
205 205  
206 206  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -221,20 +221,26 @@
221 221  (((
222 222  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
223 223  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
206 +)))
224 224  
225 -
226 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
208 +(% class="box" %)
209 +(((
210 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
227 227  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
228 228  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
229 229  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
214 +)))
230 230  
231 -
232 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
216 +(% class="box" %)
217 +(((
218 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
233 233  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
234 234  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
221 +)))
235 235  
236 -
237 -**3)** and the end node will got:
223 +(% class="box" %)
224 +(((
225 +3) and the end node will got:
238 238  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
239 239  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
240 240  Update Interval: 60000 ms
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246 246  Rssi= -41
247 247  Receive data
248 248  (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
237 +)))
249 249  
250 -
251 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
239 +(% class="box" %)
240 +(((
241 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
252 252  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
253 253  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
254 254  Update Interval: 60000 ms
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265 265  
266 266  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
267 267  
268 -
269 269  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
270 270  
271 271  (% class="box" %)
272 272  (((
273 -//#!/bin/sh
262 +#!/bin/sh
274 274  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
275 275  #
276 276  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -303,37 +303,35 @@
303 303  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
304 304  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
305 305  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
306 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
295 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
307 307  )))
308 308  
298 +~1. Input keys
309 309  
310 -**~1. Input keys**
311 -
312 312  [[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
313 313  
314 314  Input Keys in LPS8
315 315  
316 316  
317 -**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
305 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
318 318  
307 +3. Choose Built-in server
319 319  
320 -**3. Choose Built-in server**
321 -
322 322  [[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
323 323  
324 324  Choose Built-in server
325 325  
326 326  
327 -**4. Run the script.**
314 +4. Run the script.
328 328  
329 -[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]]
316 +[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
330 330  
331 331  Run the script
332 332  
333 333  
334 -**5. Output:**
321 +5. Output:
335 335  
336 -[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]]
323 +[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
337 337  
338 338  Output from LPS8
339 339  
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340 340  
341 341  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
342 342  
330 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
343 343  
344 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
345 -
346 346  Network Structure
347 347  
348 348  
... ... @@ -349,42 +349,34 @@
349 349  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
350 350  
351 351  
352 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
338 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
353 353  
340 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
354 354  
355 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
356 -
357 -
358 358  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
359 359  
360 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
344 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
361 361  
362 362  Input Keys in LPS8
363 363  
348 +run socket tool in PC
364 364  
350 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
365 365  
366 -**run socket tool in PC**
367 -
368 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
369 -
370 -
371 371  Socket tool
372 372  
373 373  
355 +Input Server address and port
374 374  
375 -**Input Server address and port**
357 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
376 376  
377 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
378 -
379 379  Input Server address and port
380 380  
381 381  
362 +See value receive in socket tool. :
382 382  
383 -**See value receive in socket tool:**
364 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
384 384  
385 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
386 -
387 387  value receive in socket tool
388 388  
389 -
390 390  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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