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From version < 18.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:52
To version < 9.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
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20 20  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
21 21  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
22 22  
23 -
24 -
25 25  = 2. How it works =
26 26  
27 27  
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32 32  
33 33  (% class="box infomessage" %)
34 34  (((
35 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
36 36  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
37 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  (((
41 41  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
42 -
43 -
44 44  )))
45 45  
46 46  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
52 52  
53 53  == 2.1 Upstream ==
54 54  
55 -
56 56  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
57 57  
58 58  (((
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61 61  
62 62  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
63 63  
64 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
65 65  
66 66  
67 67  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
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74 74  000001c
75 75  )))
76 76  
77 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
78 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
79 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
80 80  
81 -
82 -
83 83  (% class="box" %)
84 84  (((
85 85  (% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
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92 92  
93 93  (% class="box" %)
94 94  (((
95 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
96 96  )))
97 97  
98 98  
99 99  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
100 100  
101 -
102 102  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
103 103  
104 104  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
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111 111  000001c
112 112  )))
113 113  
114 -
115 115  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
116 116  
117 117  (% class="box" %)
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121 121  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
122 122  )))
123 123  
124 -
125 125  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
126 126  
127 127  (% class="box" %)
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135 135  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
136 136  
137 137  
138 -
139 139  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
140 140  
128 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
141 141  
142 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
130 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
143 143  
144 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
132 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
145 145  
146 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
134 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
147 147  
148 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
149 -
150 150  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
151 151  }}}
152 152  
153 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
139 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
154 154  
155 -
156 -(% style="color:red" %)
157 -**Some notice:**
158 -
159 159  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
160 160  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
161 161  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
... ... @@ -165,10 +165,8 @@
165 165  
166 166  
167 167  
168 -
169 169  == 2.2 Downstream ==
170 170  
171 -
172 172  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
173 173  
174 174  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -179,35 +179,30 @@
179 179  
180 180  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
181 181  
182 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
183 -* **imme/time:**
162 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
163 +* imme/time:
184 184  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
185 185  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
186 -* **txt/hex:**
166 +* txt/hex:
187 187  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
188 188  ** hex: send payload in HEX
189 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
190 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
191 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
169 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
170 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
171 +* txbw: bandwidth:
192 192  ** 1: 500 kHz
193 193  ** 2: 250 kHz
194 194  ** 3: 125 kHz
195 195  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
196 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
197 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
198 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
176 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
177 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
178 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
199 199  
180 +Completely exmaple:
200 200  
182 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
183 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
201 201  
202 202  
203 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
204 -
205 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
206 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
207 -
208 -
209 -
210 -
211 211  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
212 212  
213 213  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -222,8 +222,6 @@
222 222  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
223 223  
224 224  
225 -
226 -
227 227  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
228 228  
229 229  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -230,20 +230,26 @@
230 230  (((
231 231  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
232 232  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
206 +)))
233 233  
234 -
235 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
208 +(% class="box" %)
209 +(((
210 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
236 236  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
237 237  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
238 238  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
214 +)))
239 239  
240 -
241 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
216 +(% class="box" %)
217 +(((
218 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
242 242  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
243 243  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
221 +)))
244 244  
245 -
246 -**3)** and the end node will got:
223 +(% class="box" %)
224 +(((
225 +3) and the end node will got:
247 247  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
248 248  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
249 249  Update Interval: 60000 ms
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255 255  Rssi= -41
256 256  Receive data
257 257  (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
237 +)))
258 258  
259 -
260 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
239 +(% class="box" %)
240 +(((
241 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
261 261  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
262 262  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
263 263  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -274,12 +274,11 @@
274 274  
275 275  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
276 276  
277 -
278 278  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
279 279  
280 280  (% class="box" %)
281 281  (((
282 -//#!/bin/sh
262 +#!/bin/sh
283 283  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
284 284  #
285 285  # Hardware Prepare:
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312 312  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
313 313  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
314 314  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
315 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
295 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
316 316  )))
317 317  
298 +~1. Input keys
318 318  
319 -**~1. Input keys**
320 -
321 321  [[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
322 322  
323 323  Input Keys in LPS8
324 324  
325 325  
326 -**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
305 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
327 327  
307 +3. Choose Built-in server
328 328  
329 -**3. Choose Built-in server**
330 -
331 331  [[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
332 332  
333 333  Choose Built-in server
334 334  
335 335  
336 -**4. Run the script.**
314 +4. Run the script.
337 337  
338 338  [[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
339 339  
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340 340  Run the script
341 341  
342 342  
343 -**5. Output:**
321 +5. Output:
344 344  
345 345  [[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
346 346  
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349 349  
350 350  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
351 351  
330 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
352 352  
353 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
354 -
355 355  Network Structure
356 356  
357 357  
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358 358  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
359 359  
360 360  
361 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
338 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
362 362  
340 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
363 363  
364 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
365 -
366 -
367 367  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
368 368  
369 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
344 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
370 370  
371 371  Input Keys in LPS8
372 372  
348 +run socket tool in PC
373 373  
350 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
374 374  
375 -**run socket tool in PC**
376 -
377 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
378 -
379 -
380 380  Socket tool
381 381  
382 382  
355 +Input Server address and port
383 383  
384 -**Input Server address and port**
357 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
385 385  
386 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
387 -
388 388  Input Server address and port
389 389  
390 390  
362 +See value receive in socket tool. :
391 391  
392 -**See value receive in socket tool:**
364 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
393 393  
394 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
395 -
396 396  value receive in socket tool
397 397  
398 -
399 399  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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