Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
<
From version < 16.5 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:45
To version < 3.2 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:11
>
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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -30,15 +30,13 @@
30 30  
31 31  (% class="box infomessage" %)
32 32  (((
33 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
34 34  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
35 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
36 36  )))
37 37  
38 38  (((
39 39  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
40 -
41 -
42 42  )))
43 43  
44 44  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
50 50  
51 51  == 2.1 Upstream ==
52 52  
53 -
54 54  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
55 55  
56 56  (((
... ... @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
59 59  
60 60  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
61 61  
62 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
63 63  
64 64  
65 65  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -67,19 +67,19 @@
67 67  (% class="box" %)
68 68  (((
69 69  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
70 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
71 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
65 +0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
66 +0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
72 72  000001c
73 73  )))
74 74  
75 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
76 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
77 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
78 78  
79 79  (% class="box" %)
80 80  (((
81 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
82 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world** (%%)to send ASCII string
76 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
77 +in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string
83 83  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
84 84  0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546
85 85  0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"    
... ... @@ -88,15 +88,13 @@
88 88  
89 89  (% class="box" %)
90 90  (((
91 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
92 92  )))
93 93  
94 -
95 95  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
96 96  
91 +The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
97 97  
98 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
99 -
100 100  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
101 101  
102 102  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -107,7 +107,6 @@
107 107  000001c
108 108  )))
109 109  
110 -
111 111  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
112 112  
113 113  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -114,10 +114,9 @@
114 114  (((
115 115  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
116 116  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII
117 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
109 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00
118 118  )))
119 119  
120 -
121 121  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
122 122  
123 123  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -124,34 +124,28 @@
124 124  (((
125 125  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
126 126  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65
127 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]:** (% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
128 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}(%%)**
118 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
119 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}
129 129  )))
130 130  
131 131  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
132 132  
133 133  
134 -
135 135  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
136 136  
127 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
137 137  
138 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
129 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
139 139  
140 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
131 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
141 141  
142 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
133 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
143 143  
144 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
145 -
146 146  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
147 147  }}}
148 148  
149 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
138 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
150 150  
151 -
152 -(% style="color:red" %)
153 -**Some notice:**
154 -
155 155  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
156 156  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
157 157  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
... ... @@ -159,49 +159,43 @@
159 159  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
160 160  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
161 161  
162 -
163 163  == 2.2 Downstream ==
164 164  
165 -
166 166  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
167 167  
168 168  The file should use below format:
169 169  
170 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
153 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
171 171  
172 172  Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
173 173  
174 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
157 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
175 175  
176 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
177 -* **imme/time:**
159 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
160 +* imme/time:
178 178  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
179 179  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
180 -* **txt/hex:**
163 +* txt/hex:
181 181  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
182 182  ** hex: send payload in HEX
183 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
184 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
185 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
166 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
167 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
168 +* txbw: bandwidth:
186 186  ** 1: 500 kHz
187 187  ** 2: 250 kHz
188 188  ** 3: 125 kHz
189 189  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
190 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
191 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
192 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
173 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
174 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
175 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
193 193  
177 +Completely exmaple:
194 194  
179 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
180 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
195 195  
196 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
182 +(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency**
197 197  
198 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
199 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
200 -
201 -
202 -
203 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
204 -
205 205  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
206 206  
207 207  * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125)
... ... @@ -213,28 +213,32 @@
213 213  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
214 214  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
215 215  
195 +(% class="mark" %)**Examples:**
216 216  
217 -
218 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
219 -
220 220  (% class="box" %)
221 221  (((
222 222  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
223 223  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
201 +)))
224 224  
225 -
226 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
203 +(% class="box" %)
204 +(((
205 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
227 227  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
228 228  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
229 229  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
209 +)))
230 230  
231 -
232 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
211 +(% class="box" %)
212 +(((
213 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
233 233  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
234 234  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
216 +)))
235 235  
236 -
237 -**3)** and the end node will got:
218 +(% class="box" %)
219 +(((
220 +3) and the end node will got:
238 238  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
239 239  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
240 240  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -245,10 +245,12 @@
245 245  [5767501]rxDone
246 246  Rssi= -41
247 247  Receive data
248 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
231 +2:12345678    ~-~-> Hex
232 +)))
249 249  
250 -
251 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
234 +(% class="box" %)
235 +(((
236 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
252 252  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
253 253  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
254 254  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -259,18 +259,16 @@
259 259  [5958595]rxDone
260 260  Rssi= -37
261 261  Receive data
262 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
247 +2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
263 263  )))
264 264  
265 -
266 266  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
267 267  
268 -
269 269  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
270 270  
271 271  (% class="box" %)
272 272  (((
273 -//#!/bin/sh
256 +#!/bin/sh
274 274  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
275 275  #
276 276  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -303,44 +303,40 @@
303 303  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
304 304  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
305 305  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
306 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
289 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
307 307  )))
308 308  
309 -**~1. Input keys**
292 +~1. Input keys
310 310  
311 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
294 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
312 312  
313 313  Input Keys in LPS8
314 314  
298 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
315 315  
316 -**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
300 +3. Choose Built-in server
317 317  
318 -**3. Choose Built-in server**
302 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
319 319  
320 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
321 -
322 322  Choose Built-in server
323 323  
306 +4. Run the script.
324 324  
325 -**4. Run the script.**
308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
326 326  
327 -[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
328 -
329 329  Run the script
330 330  
312 +5. Output:
331 331  
332 -**5. Output:**
314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
333 333  
334 -[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
335 -
336 336  Output from LPS8
337 337  
338 338  
339 339  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
340 340  
321 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
341 341  
342 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
343 -
344 344  Network Structure
345 345  
346 346  
... ... @@ -347,42 +347,34 @@
347 347  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
348 348  
349 349  
350 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
329 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
351 351  
331 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
352 352  
353 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
354 -
355 -
356 356  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
357 357  
358 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
335 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
359 359  
360 360  Input Keys in LPS8
361 361  
339 +run socket tool in PC
362 362  
341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
363 363  
364 -**run socket tool in PC**
365 -
366 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
367 -
368 -
369 369  Socket tool
370 370  
371 371  
346 +Input Server address and port
372 372  
373 -**Input Server address and port**
348 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
374 374  
375 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
376 -
377 377  Input Server address and port
378 378  
379 379  
353 +See value receive in socket tool. :
380 380  
381 -**See value receive in socket tool:**
355 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
382 382  
383 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
384 -
385 385  value receive in socket tool
386 386  
387 -
388 388  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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