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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
20 20  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
21 21  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
22 22  
23 -
24 24  = 2. How it works =
25 25  
26 26  
... ... @@ -31,15 +31,13 @@
31 31  
32 32  (% class="box infomessage" %)
33 33  (((
34 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
35 35  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
36 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
37 37  )))
38 38  
39 39  (((
40 40  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
41 -
42 -
43 43  )))
44 44  
45 45  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -51,7 +51,6 @@
51 51  
52 52  == 2.1 Upstream ==
53 53  
54 -
55 55  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
56 56  
57 57  (((
... ... @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
60 60  
61 61  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
62 62  
63 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
64 64  
65 65  
66 66  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
73 73  000001c
74 74  )))
75 75  
76 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
77 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
78 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
79 79  
80 80  (% class="box" %)
81 81  (((
... ... @@ -89,13 +89,12 @@
89 89  
90 90  (% class="box" %)
91 91  (((
92 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
93 93  )))
94 94  
95 95  
96 96  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
97 97  
98 -
99 99  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
100 100  
101 101  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
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108 108  000001c
109 109  )))
110 110  
111 -
112 112  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
113 113  
114 114  (% class="box" %)
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118 118  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
119 119  )))
120 120  
121 -
122 122  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
123 123  
124 124  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -132,27 +132,21 @@
132 132  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
133 133  
134 134  
135 -
136 136  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
137 137  
128 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
138 138  
139 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
130 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
140 140  
141 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
132 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
142 142  
143 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
134 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
144 144  
145 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
146 -
147 147  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
148 148  }}}
149 149  
150 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
139 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
151 151  
152 -
153 -(% style="color:red" %)
154 -**Some notice:**
155 -
156 156  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
157 157  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
158 158  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
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164 164  
165 165  == 2.2 Downstream ==
166 166  
167 -
168 168  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
169 169  
170 170  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -175,35 +175,30 @@
175 175  
176 176  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
177 177  
178 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
179 -* **imme/time:**
162 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
163 +* imme/time:
180 180  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
181 181  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
182 -* **txt/hex:**
166 +* txt/hex:
183 183  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
184 184  ** hex: send payload in HEX
185 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
186 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
187 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
169 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
170 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
171 +* txbw: bandwidth:
188 188  ** 1: 500 kHz
189 189  ** 2: 250 kHz
190 190  ** 3: 125 kHz
191 191  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
192 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
193 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
194 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
176 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
177 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
178 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
195 195  
180 +Completely exmaple:
196 196  
182 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
183 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
197 197  
198 198  
199 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
200 -
201 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
202 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
203 -
204 -
205 -
206 -
207 207  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
208 208  
209 209  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -218,8 +218,6 @@
218 218  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
219 219  
220 220  
221 -
222 -
223 223  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
224 224  
225 225  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@
230 230  
231 231  (% class="box" %)
232 232  (((
233 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
210 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
234 234  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
235 235  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
236 236  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
... ... @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
238 238  
239 239  (% class="box" %)
240 240  (((
241 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
218 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
242 242  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
243 243  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
244 244  )))
... ... @@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
245 245  
246 246  (% class="box" %)
247 247  (((
248 -**3)** and the end node will got:
225 +3) and the end node will got:
249 249  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
250 250  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
251 251  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
261 261  
262 262  (% class="box" %)
263 263  (((
264 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
241 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
265 265  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
266 266  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
267 267  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -278,12 +278,11 @@
278 278  
279 279  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
280 280  
281 -
282 282  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
283 283  
284 284  (% class="box" %)
285 285  (((
286 -//#!/bin/sh
262 +#!/bin/sh
287 287  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
288 288  #
289 289  # Hardware Prepare:
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316 316  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
317 317  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
318 318  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
319 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
295 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
320 320  )))
321 321  
322 -**~1. Input keys**
298 +~1. Input keys
323 323  
324 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
300 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
325 325  
326 326  Input Keys in LPS8
327 327  
304 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
328 328  
329 -**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
306 +3. Choose Built-in server
330 330  
331 -**3. Choose Built-in server**
308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
332 332  
333 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
334 -
335 335  Choose Built-in server
336 336  
312 +4. Run the script.
337 337  
338 -**4. Run the script.**
314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
339 339  
340 -[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
341 -
342 342  Run the script
343 343  
318 +5. Output:
344 344  
345 -**5. Output:**
320 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
346 346  
347 -[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
348 -
349 349  Output from LPS8
350 350  
351 351  
352 352  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
353 353  
327 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
354 354  
355 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
356 -
357 357  Network Structure
358 358  
359 359  
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360 360  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
361 361  
362 362  
363 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
335 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
364 364  
337 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
365 365  
366 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
367 -
368 -
369 369  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
370 370  
371 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
372 372  
373 373  Input Keys in LPS8
374 374  
345 +run socket tool in PC
375 375  
347 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
376 376  
377 -**run socket tool in PC**
378 -
379 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
380 -
381 -
382 382  Socket tool
383 383  
384 384  
352 +Input Server address and port
385 385  
386 -**Input Server address and port**
354 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
387 387  
388 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
389 -
390 390  Input Server address and port
391 391  
392 392  
359 +See value receive in socket tool. :
393 393  
394 -**See value receive in socket tool:**
361 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
395 395  
396 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
397 -
398 398  value receive in socket tool
399 399  
400 -
401 401  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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