Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
<
From version < 16.10 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:48
To version < 3.1 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:11
>
Change comment: Uploaded new attachment "image-20220527161149-2.png", version {1}

Summary

Details

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Content
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1 -**Table of Contents:**
1 + **Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 -
7 7  = 1. Introduction =
8 8  
9 -
10 10  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
11 11  
12 12  * No internet connection.
13 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT Forward Instruction]]).
11 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
14 14  
15 15  (((
16 16  The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
... ... @@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
20 20  1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
21 21  1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
22 22  
23 -
24 -
25 25  = 2. How it works =
26 26  
27 27  
... ... @@ -32,20 +32,18 @@
32 32  
33 33  (% class="box infomessage" %)
34 34  (((
35 -**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
31 +AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
36 36  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
37 -AT+DADDR=2602111D**
33 +AT+DADDR=2602111D
38 38  )))
39 39  
40 40  (((
41 41  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
42 -
43 -
44 44  )))
45 45  
46 46  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
47 47  
48 -[[image:image-20220527161119-1.png]]
42 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]]
49 49  
50 50  Input the ABP keys in LG308
51 51  
... ... @@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
52 52  
53 53  == 2.1 Upstream ==
54 54  
55 -
56 56  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
57 57  
58 58  (((
... ... @@ -59,9 +59,9 @@
59 59  We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive
60 60  )))
61 61  
62 -[[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
55 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]]
63 63  
64 -LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
57 +LG308 log by "logread -f" command
65 65  
66 66  
67 67  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -69,21 +69,19 @@
69 69  (% class="box" %)
70 70  (((
71 71  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
72 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
73 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
65 +0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR    
66 +0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload
74 74  000001c
75 75  )))
76 76  
77 -* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
78 -* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
79 -* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
70 +* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
71 +* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
72 +* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
80 80  
81 -
82 -
83 83  (% class="box" %)
84 84  (((
85 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
86 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world** (%%)to send ASCII string
76 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
77 +in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string
87 87  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
88 88  0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546
89 89  0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"    
... ... @@ -92,15 +92,13 @@
92 92  
93 93  (% class="box" %)
94 94  (((
95 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
86 +(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
96 96  )))
97 97  
98 -
99 99  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
100 100  
91 +The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
101 101  
102 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
103 -
104 104  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
105 105  
106 106  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -111,7 +111,6 @@
111 111  000001c
112 112  )))
113 113  
114 -
115 115  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
116 116  
117 117  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -118,10 +118,9 @@
118 118  (((
119 119  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
120 120  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII
121 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
109 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00
122 122  )))
123 123  
124 -
125 125  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
126 126  
127 127  (% class="box" %)
... ... @@ -128,34 +128,28 @@
128 128  (((
129 129  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
130 130  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65
131 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]:** (% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
132 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}(%%)**
118 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
119 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}
133 133  )))
134 134  
135 135  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
136 136  
137 137  
138 -
139 139  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
140 140  
127 +1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
141 141  
142 -**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
129 +2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
143 143  
144 -**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
131 +3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
145 145  
146 -**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
133 +4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
147 147  
148 -**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
149 -
150 150  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
151 151  }}}
152 152  
153 -**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
138 +5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
154 154  
155 -
156 -(% style="color:red" %)
157 -**Some notice:**
158 -
159 159  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
160 160  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
161 161  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
... ... @@ -163,53 +163,43 @@
163 163  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
164 164  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
165 165  
166 -
167 -
168 -
169 169  == 2.2 Downstream ==
170 170  
171 -
172 172  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
173 173  
174 174  The file should use below format:
175 175  
176 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
153 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
177 177  
178 178  Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
179 179  
180 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
157 +(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
181 181  
182 -* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
183 -* **imme/time:**
159 +* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
160 +* imme/time:
184 184  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
185 185  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
186 -* **txt/hex:**
163 +* txt/hex:
187 187  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
188 188  ** hex: send payload in HEX
189 -* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
190 -* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
191 -* **txbw:** bandwidth:
166 +* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
167 +* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
168 +* txbw: bandwidth:
192 192  ** 1: 500 kHz
193 193  ** 2: 250 kHz
194 194  ** 3: 125 kHz
195 195  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
196 -* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
197 -* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
198 -* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
173 +* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
174 +* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
175 +* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
199 199  
177 +Completely exmaple:
200 200  
179 +* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
180 +* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
201 201  
182 +(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency**
202 202  
203 -(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
204 -
205 -* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
206 -* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
207 -
208 -
209 -
210 -
211 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
212 -
213 213  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
214 214  
215 215  * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125)
... ... @@ -221,29 +221,32 @@
221 221  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
222 222  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
223 223  
195 +(% class="mark" %)**Examples:**
224 224  
225 -
226 -
227 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:**
228 -
229 229  (% class="box" %)
230 230  (((
231 231  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
232 232  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
201 +)))
233 233  
234 -
235 -**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
203 +(% class="box" %)
204 +(((
205 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
236 236  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
237 237  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
238 238  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
209 +)))
239 239  
240 -
241 -**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
211 +(% class="box" %)
212 +(((
213 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
242 242  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
243 243  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
216 +)))
244 244  
245 -
246 -**3)** and the end node will got:
218 +(% class="box" %)
219 +(((
220 +3) and the end node will got:
247 247  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
248 248  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
249 249  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -254,10 +254,12 @@
254 254  [5767501]rxDone
255 255  Rssi= -41
256 256  Receive data
257 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
231 +2:12345678    ~-~-> Hex
232 +)))
258 258  
259 -
260 -**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
234 +(% class="box" %)
235 +(((
236 +4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
261 261  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
262 262  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
263 263  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -268,18 +268,16 @@
268 268  [5958595]rxDone
269 269  Rssi= -37
270 270  Receive data
271 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%) ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
247 +2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
272 272  )))
273 273  
274 -
275 275  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
276 276  
277 -
278 278  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
279 279  
280 280  (% class="box" %)
281 281  (((
282 -//#!/bin/sh
256 +#!/bin/sh
283 283  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
284 284  #
285 285  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -312,46 +312,40 @@
312 312  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
313 313  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
314 314  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
315 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
289 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
316 316  )))
317 317  
292 +~1. Input keys
318 318  
319 -**~1. Input keys**
294 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
320 320  
321 -[[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
322 -
323 323  Input Keys in LPS8
324 324  
298 +2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
325 325  
326 -**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
300 +3. Choose Built-in server
327 327  
302 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
328 328  
329 -**3. Choose Built-in server**
330 -
331 -[[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
332 -
333 333  Choose Built-in server
334 334  
306 +4. Run the script.
335 335  
336 -**4. Run the script.**
308 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
337 337  
338 -[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
339 -
340 340  Run the script
341 341  
312 +5. Output:
342 342  
343 -**5. Output:**
314 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
344 344  
345 -[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
346 -
347 347  Output from LPS8
348 348  
349 349  
350 350  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
351 351  
321 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
352 352  
353 -[[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
354 -
355 355  Network Structure
356 356  
357 357  
... ... @@ -358,42 +358,34 @@
358 358  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
359 359  
360 360  
361 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**
329 +(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
362 362  
331 +(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
363 363  
364 -(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
365 -
366 -
367 367  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
368 368  
369 -[[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
335 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
370 370  
371 371  Input Keys in LPS8
372 372  
339 +run socket tool in PC
373 373  
341 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
374 374  
375 -**run socket tool in PC**
376 -
377 -[[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
378 -
379 -
380 380  Socket tool
381 381  
382 382  
346 +Input Server address and port
383 383  
384 -**Input Server address and port**
348 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
385 385  
386 -[[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
387 -
388 388  Input Server address and port
389 389  
390 390  
353 +See value receive in socket tool. :
391 391  
392 -**See value receive in socket tool:**
355 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
393 393  
394 -[[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
395 -
396 396  value receive in socket tool
397 397  
398 -
399 399  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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