Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14
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From version < 14.7 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/06/01 11:14
To version < 18.4 >
edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/07/22 11:59
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1 - **Contents:**
1 +**Table of Contents:**
2 2  
3 3  {{toc/}}
4 4  
5 5  
6 +
6 6  = 1. Introduction =
7 7  
9 +
8 8  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
9 9  
10 10  * No internet connection.
... ... @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
20 20  
21 21  
22 22  
25 +
23 23  = 2. How it works =
24 24  
25 25  
... ... @@ -30,13 +30,15 @@
30 30  
31 31  (% class="box infomessage" %)
32 32  (((
33 -AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
36 +**AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
34 34  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
35 -AT+DADDR=2602111D
38 +AT+DADDR=2602111D**
36 36  )))
37 37  
38 38  (((
39 39  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
43 +
44 +
40 40  )))
41 41  
42 42  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
... ... @@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
48 48  
49 49  == 2.1 Upstream ==
50 50  
56 +
51 51  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
52 52  
53 53  (((
... ... @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
56 56  
57 57  [[image:image-20220527161149-2.png]]
58 58  
59 -LG308 log by "logread -f" command
65 +LG308 log by "(% style="color:red" %)**logread -f**" (%%)command
60 60  
61 61  
62 62  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
... ... @@ -69,10 +69,13 @@
69 69  000001c
70 70  )))
71 71  
72 -* RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
73 -* SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
74 -* Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
78 +* **RSSI**: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
79 +* **SNR**: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
80 +* **Payload**: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
75 75  
82 +
83 +
84 +
76 76  (% class="box" %)
77 77  (((
78 78  (% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
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83 83  000001c
84 84  )))
85 85  
95 +
86 86  (% class="box" %)
87 87  (((
88 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
98 +(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
89 89  )))
90 90  
91 91  
102 +
92 92  === 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
93 93  
105 +
94 94  The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%) doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
95 95  
96 96  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
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103 103  000001c
104 104  )))
105 105  
118 +
106 106  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
107 107  
108 108  (% class="box" %)
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112 112  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**
113 113  )))
114 114  
128 +
115 115  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
116 116  
117 117  (% class="box" %)
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125 125  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
126 126  
127 127  
142 +
128 128  === 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
129 129  
130 -1/ Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
131 131  
132 -2/ Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
146 +**1.** Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
133 133  
134 -3/ When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
148 +**2. **Don't choose MQTT service, use LoRaWAN.
135 135  
136 -4/ Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
150 +**3.** When your end node send a message to the gateway, there will be a file store in /var/iot/channels. full path should be /var/iot/channels/END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
137 137  
152 +**4.** Use the /etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 as template to decode your payload. This script is written in Lua language. User can manually call this script when you see the data file in /var/iot/channels by running:
153 +
138 138  {{{/etc/lora/decoder/Dragino_LHT65 END_NODE_DEV_ADDR
139 139  }}}
140 140  
141 -5/ What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload. Some notice:
157 +**5.** What you see as output is the MQTT data device will upload, user's end node has different payload compare with LHT65, most properly this file will report with error. User need to modify to match the actual payload.
142 142  
159 +
160 +(% style="color:red" %)
161 +**Some notice:**
162 +
143 143  * RSSI and SNR are added when gateway receive the packet, so there is always this field.
144 144  * If you rename the file, please make it executable.
145 145  * See this link for lua.bit module: [[http:~~/~~/luaforge.net/projects/bit/>>url:http://luaforge.net/projects/bit/]]
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150 150  
151 151  == 2.2 Downstream ==
152 152  
173 +
153 153  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
154 154  
155 155  The file should use below format:
... ... @@ -160,30 +160,31 @@
160 160  
161 161  (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
162 162  
163 -* dev_addr: Inptu the device address
164 -* imme/time:
184 +* **dev_addr:** Inptu the device address
185 +* **imme/time:**
165 165  ** imme: send downstream immediately,For Class C end node.
166 166  ** time: send downstream after receive device's uplink. For Class A end node
167 -* txt/hex:
188 +* **txt/hex:**
168 168  ** txt: send payload in ASCII
169 169  ** hex: send payload in HEX
170 -* payload: payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
171 -* txpw: Transmit Power. example: 20
172 -* txbw: bandwidth:
191 +* **payload: **payload to be sent, payload lenght should match the LoRaWAN protocol requirement.
192 +* **txpw:** Transmit Power. example: 20
193 +* **txbw:** bandwidth:
173 173  ** 1: 500 kHz
174 174  ** 2: 250 kHz
175 175  ** 3: 125 kHz
176 176  ** 4: 62.5 kHz
177 -* SF: Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
178 -* Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
179 -* rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
198 +* **SF:** Spreading Factor : SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF11/SF12
199 +* **Frequency:** Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
200 +* **rxwindow:** transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
180 180  
181 -Completely exmaple:
182 182  
183 -* Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
184 -* New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
203 +(% style="color:blue" %)**Completely exmaple:**
185 185  
205 +* **Old version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
206 +* **New version:** echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
186 186  
208 +
187 187  (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency**
188 188  
189 189  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
... ... @@ -204,26 +204,20 @@
204 204  (((
205 205  we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
206 206  root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
207 -)))
208 208  
209 -(% class="box" %)
210 -(((
211 -1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
230 +
231 +**1)** From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
212 212  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
213 213  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
214 214  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
215 -)))
216 216  
217 -(% class="box" %)
218 -(((
219 -2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
236 +
237 +**2)** When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
220 220  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
221 221  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
222 -)))
223 223  
224 -(% class="box" %)
225 -(((
226 -3) and the end node will got:
241 +
242 +**3)** and the end node will got:
227 227  [5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
228 228  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
229 229  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -235,11 +235,9 @@
235 235  Rssi= -41
236 236  Receive data
237 237  (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**  (%%) ~-~-> Hex
238 -)))
239 239  
240 -(% class="box" %)
241 -(((
242 -4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
255 +
256 +**4) **If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
243 243  [5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
244 244  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
245 245  Update Interval: 60000 ms
... ... @@ -256,11 +256,12 @@
256 256  
257 257  = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
258 258  
273 +
259 259  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
260 260  
261 261  (% class="box" %)
262 262  (((
263 -#!/bin/sh
278 +//#!/bin/sh
264 264  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
265 265  #
266 266  # Hardware Prepare:
... ... @@ -293,35 +293,37 @@
293 293  #  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
294 294  #  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
295 295  #  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
296 -#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
311 +#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.//
297 297  )))
298 298  
299 -~1. Input keys
300 300  
315 +**~1. Input keys**
316 +
301 301  [[image:image-20220527162450-3.png]]
302 302  
303 303  Input Keys in LPS8
304 304  
305 305  
306 -2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.
322 +**2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test.**
307 307  
308 -3. Choose Built-in server
309 309  
325 +**3. Choose Built-in server**
326 +
310 310  [[image:image-20220527162518-4.png]]
311 311  
312 312  Choose Built-in server
313 313  
314 314  
315 -4. Run the script.
332 +**4. Run the script.**
316 316  
317 -[[image:image-20220527162552-5.png]]
334 +[[image:image-20220722115213-2.png]]
318 318  
319 319  Run the script
320 320  
321 321  
322 -5. Output:
339 +**5. Output:**
323 323  
324 -[[image:image-20220527162619-6.png]]
341 +[[image:image-20220722115133-1.png]]
325 325  
326 326  Output from LPS8
327 327  
... ... @@ -328,6 +328,7 @@
328 328  
329 329  = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
330 330  
348 +
331 331  [[image:image-20220527162648-7.png]]
332 332  
333 333  Network Structure
... ... @@ -341,6 +341,7 @@
341 341  
342 342  (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
343 343  
362 +
344 344  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
345 345  
346 346  [[image:image-20220527162852-8.png]]
... ... @@ -348,8 +348,9 @@
348 348  Input Keys in LPS8
349 349  
350 350  
351 -run socket tool in PC
352 352  
371 +**run socket tool in PC**
372 +
353 353  [[image:image-20220527163028-9.png]]
354 354  
355 355  
... ... @@ -356,17 +356,20 @@
356 356  Socket tool
357 357  
358 358  
359 -Input Server address and port
360 360  
380 +**Input Server address and port**
381 +
361 361  [[image:image-20220527163106-10.png]]
362 362  
363 363  Input Server address and port
364 364  
365 365  
366 -See value receive in socket tool. :
367 367  
388 +**See value receive in socket tool:**
389 +
368 368  [[image:image-20220527163144-11.png]]
369 369  
370 370  value receive in socket tool
371 371  
394 +
372 372  If user want to modify the TCP connection method. He can refer: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh>>url:https://github.com/dragino/dragino-packages/blob/lg02/haserl-ui/root/usr/bin/tcp_process.sh]]. Same script is on /usr/bin of gateway.
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