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... ... @@ -1,47 +1,38 @@ 1 - **Contents:**1 +Contents: 2 2 3 -{{toc/}} 4 4 5 - 6 6 = 1. Introduction = 7 7 8 8 The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as: 9 9 10 10 * No internet connection. 11 -* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>MQTT 9 +* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]). 12 12 13 -((( 14 -The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements: 15 -))) 16 16 12 +The basic of this feature is the decoding of LoRaWAN ABP End Node. Requirements: 13 + 17 17 1. LoRaWAN End Node in ABP mode. Make sure your end node works in this mode. End node most are default set to OTAA mode 18 18 1. LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]] 19 -1. Firmware version for below instruction: **[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**16 +1. Firmware version for below instruction:[[Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]] 20 20 21 21 22 - 23 23 = 2. How it works = 24 24 25 25 26 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%):**[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM>>url:https://youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM]]**22 +Video Instruction: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM>>url:https://youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM]] 27 27 28 - 29 29 Assume we have the LoRaWAN tracker LGT92 which works in ABP mode and US915 band. It has below keys: 30 30 31 -(% class="box infomessage" %) 32 -((( 33 -AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df 26 +{{{AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df 34 34 AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33 35 35 AT+DADDR=2602111D 36 - )))29 +}}} 37 37 38 -((( 39 39 and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92. 40 -))) 41 41 42 42 We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption. 43 43 44 -[[image:image -20220527161119-1.png]]35 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]] 45 45 46 46 Input the ABP keys in LG308 47 47 ... ... @@ -50,11 +50,9 @@ 50 50 51 51 Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308. 52 52 53 -((( 54 54 We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive 55 -))) 56 56 57 -[[image:image -20220527161149-2.png]]46 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]] 58 58 59 59 LG308 log by "logread -f" command 60 60 ... ... @@ -61,66 +61,54 @@ 61 61 62 62 The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it. 63 63 64 -(% class="box" %) 65 -((( 66 -root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 67 -0000000 (% style="color:#037691" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%) ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR 68 -0000010 (% style="color:#037691" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%) ~-~-> Payload 53 +{{{root@dragino-1d25dc:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 54 +0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546 --> Got RSSI and SNR 55 +0000010 cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 --> Payload 69 69 000001c 70 - )))57 +}}} 71 71 72 72 * RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97 73 73 * SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5 74 74 * Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 75 75 76 -(% class="box" %) 77 -((( 78 -(% style="color:red" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below: 79 -in LGT92, use (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+SEND=12:hello world** (%%)to send ASCII string 80 -root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 63 + 64 +{{{Notice 1: The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below: 65 +in LGT92, use AT+SEND=12:hello world to send ASCII string 66 +root@dragino-1d25dc:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D 81 81 0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546 82 -0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400 ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"68 +0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400 --> Got ASCII code "hello world" 83 83 000001c 84 - )))70 +}}} 85 85 86 -(% class="box" %) 87 -((( 88 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload. 89 -))) 72 +{{{Notice 2: The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload. 73 +}}} 90 90 91 - 92 92 === 2.2.1 Decode Method === 93 93 94 -The decode methods: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ASCII String, Decode_LHT65**(%%)doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.77 +The decode methods: ASCII String, Decode_LHT65 doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent. 95 95 96 96 For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are: 97 97 98 -(% class="box" %) 99 -((( 100 -root@dragino-1baf44:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/01826108 81 +{{{root@dragino-1baf44:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/01826108 101 101 0000000 4646 4646 4646 4537 3030 3030 3030 3438 102 -0000010 ccd1 7fff 7fff 017f ff7f ff00 83 +0000010 ccd1 7fff 7fff 017f ff7f ff00 103 103 000001c 104 - )))85 +}}} 105 105 106 106 If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data: 107 107 108 -(% class="box" %) 109 -((( 110 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 89 +{{{Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 111 111 Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII 112 -Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: (% style="color:#037691" %)**ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00**113 - )))91 +Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00 92 +}}} 114 114 115 115 If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data 116 116 117 -(% class="box" %) 118 -((( 119 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 96 +{{{Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data 120 120 Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65 121 -Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: **(% style="color:#037691" %){"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,122 -"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} (%%)**123 - )))98 +Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9, 99 +"EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0} 100 +}}} 124 124 125 125 Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI. 126 126 ... ... @@ -147,7 +147,6 @@ 147 147 * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT 148 148 * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send. 149 149 150 - 151 151 == 2.2 Downstream == 152 152 153 153 In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used ... ... @@ -154,11 +154,12 @@ 154 154 155 155 The file should use below format: 156 156 157 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload** 158 158 134 +dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload 135 + 159 159 Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option 160 160 161 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**138 +dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow 162 162 163 163 * dev_addr: Inptu the device address 164 164 * imme/time: ... ... @@ -178,13 +178,15 @@ 178 178 * Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000 179 179 * rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window. 180 180 158 + 181 181 Completely exmaple: 182 182 183 183 * Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test 184 184 * New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test 185 185 186 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downstream Frequency** 187 187 165 +Downstream Frequency 166 + 188 188 The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below: 189 189 190 190 * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125) ... ... @@ -196,33 +196,23 @@ 196 196 * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125 197 197 * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125 198 198 199 -(% style="color:#037691" %)**Examples:** 200 200 201 -(% class="box" %) 202 -((( 203 -we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream. 204 -root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test 205 -))) 179 +Examples: 206 206 207 -(% class="box" %) 208 -((( 209 -1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 210 -lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test 211 -lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90 212 -lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems). 213 -))) 181 +{{{we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream. 182 +root@dragino-1d25dc:~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test 214 214 215 -(% class="box" %) 216 -((( 217 -2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 184 +1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning. 185 +lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK]Looking file : test 186 +lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90 187 +lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems). 188 + 189 +2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows: 218 218 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000) 219 219 lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17 220 -))) 221 221 222 -(% class="box" %) 223 -((( 224 -3) and the end node will got: 225 -[5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~** 193 +3) and the end node will got: 194 +[5764825]***** UpLinkCounter= 98 ***** 226 226 [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0 227 227 Update Interval: 60000 ms 228 228 [5765202]txDone ... ... @@ -232,13 +232,11 @@ 232 232 [5767501]rxDone 233 233 Rssi= -41 234 234 Receive data 235 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:12345678**(%%)~-~-> Hex236 - )))204 +2:12345678 --> Hex 205 +}}} 237 237 238 -(% class="box" %) 239 -((( 240 -4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 241 -[5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~** 207 +{{{4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got: 208 +[5955877]***** UpLinkCounter= 102 ***** 242 242 [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0 243 243 Update Interval: 60000 ms 244 244 [5956254]txDone ... ... @@ -248,78 +248,71 @@ 248 248 [5958595]rxDone 249 249 Rssi= -37 250 250 Receive data 251 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**2:3132333435363738**(%%)~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"252 - )))218 +2:3132333435363738 --> ASCII string "12345678" 219 +}}} 253 253 254 - 255 255 = 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L = 256 256 257 257 Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]] 258 258 259 -(% class="box" %) 260 -((( 261 -#!/bin/sh 225 +{{{#!/bin/sh 262 262 # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server 263 263 # 264 -# Hardware Prepare: 265 -# 1. LT-22222-L x 2, both are configured to work in 266 -# 267 -# b) ABP Mode ; 228 +# Hardware Prepare: 229 +# 1. LT-22222-L x 2, both are configured to work in 230 +# a) Class C ; 231 +# b) ABP Mode ; 268 268 # c) AT+Mod=1 269 -# 2. LPS8, 270 -# a) Firmware version > 271 -# b) Input the LT-22222-L keys in LPS so LPS8 can talk with them. 272 -# c) Lorawan server choose built-in 273 -# d) in Custom page, select custom script to point to this script. (put this script in /etc/iot/scripts directory) 233 +# 2. LPS8, 234 +# a) Firmware version > 235 +# b) Input the LT-22222-L keys in LPS so LPS8 can talk with them. 236 +# c) Lorawan server choose built-in 237 +# d) in Custom page, select custom script to point to this script. (put this script in /etc/iot/scripts directory) 238 +# 239 +# How it works? 240 +# a) Devices 1 sends a uplink payload to LPS8. LPS8 will get the DI1 and DI2 info from the payload 241 +# b) LPS8 will send a message to Device 2 to set the Device2 DO1 = Device1 DI1, and Device DO2 = Device DI2. 242 +# c) Device2 will change DO1 and DO2 to according to the message from LPS8, and send back a message to LPS8 with the its DO1 243 +# and DO2 value. LPS8 will ask Device1 to change its DO1 to same as Device 2, and change the DO2 to the same as Device 2. 244 +# ( The purpose of this step is to show that the Device2 has already do the change there). 245 +# 246 +# For example: If current status of Device1 and Device2 leds shows: 247 +# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 248 +# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 274 274 # 275 -# How it works? 276 -# a) Devices 1 sends a uplink payload to LPS8. LPS8 will get the DI1 and DI2 info from the payload 277 -# b) LPS8 will send a message to Device 2 to set the Device2 DO1 = Device1 DI1, and Device DO2 = Device DI2. 278 -# c) Device2 will change DO1 and DO2 to according to the message from LPS8, and send back a message to LPS8 with the its DO1 279 -# and DO2 value. LPS8 will ask Device1 to change its DO1 to same as Device 2, and change the DO2 to the same as Device 2. 280 -# ( The purpose of this step is to show that the Device2 has already do the change there). 281 -# 282 -# For example: If current status of Device1 and Device2 leds shows: 283 -# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 284 -# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 285 -# 286 -# Step2 will cause below change: 287 -# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 288 -# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 289 -# 290 -# Step3 will cause below change: 291 -# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 292 -# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 293 -# So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm 294 -# whether the Device 2 has been changed. 295 -))) 250 +# Step2 will cause below change: 251 +# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF, DO2: OFF 252 +# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 253 +# 254 +# Step3 will cause below change: 255 +# Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 256 +# Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON, DO2: ON 257 +# So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm 258 +# whether the Device 2 has been changed.}}} 296 296 297 297 ~1. Input keys 298 298 299 -[[image:image-2 0220527162450-3.png]]262 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 300 300 301 301 Input Keys in LPS8 302 302 303 - 304 304 2. Make sure the LPS8 and LT use the same frequency bands, choose EU868 in this test. 305 305 306 306 3. Choose Built-in server 307 307 308 -[[image:image-2 0220527162518-4.png]]270 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]] 309 309 310 310 Choose Built-in server 311 311 312 - 313 313 4. Run the script. 314 314 315 -[[image:image-2 0220527162552-5.png]]276 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]] 316 316 317 317 Run the script 318 318 319 - 320 320 5. Output: 321 321 322 -[[image:image-2 0220527162619-6.png]]282 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]] 323 323 324 324 Output from LPS8 325 325 ... ... @@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ 326 326 327 327 = 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server = 328 328 329 -[[image:image -20220527162648-7.png]]289 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]] 330 330 331 331 Network Structure 332 332 ... ... @@ -334,29 +334,27 @@ 334 334 Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here: 335 335 336 336 337 - (% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%):**[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]**297 +Video Instruction: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]] 338 338 339 339 340 - (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**300 +Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907 341 341 342 342 Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway: 343 343 344 -[[image:image-2 0220527162852-8.png]]304 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]] 345 345 346 346 Input Keys in LPS8 347 347 348 - 349 349 run socket tool in PC 350 350 351 -[[image:image -20220527163028-9.png]]310 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]] 352 352 353 - 354 354 Socket tool 355 355 356 356 357 357 Input Server address and port 358 358 359 -[[image:image -20220527163106-10.png]]317 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]] 360 360 361 361 Input Server address and port 362 362 ... ... @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ 363 363 364 364 See value receive in socket tool. : 365 365 366 -[[image:image -20220527163144-11.png]]324 +[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]] 367 367 368 368 value receive in socket tool 369 369
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