Changes for page Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308

Last modified by Xiaoling on 2023/04/20 18:14

From version < 1.2 >

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/12 17:47

To version < 1.14 >

edited by Xiaoling
on 2022/05/27 16:10

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@@ -1,51 +1,58 @@
--
++     **Contents:**
--= Introduction =
++{{toc/}}
++
++= 1. Introduction =
++
  The Dragino LoRaWAN gateway can commuicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
  * No internet connection.
  * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server base on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).
++(((
++The basic of this feature is the decoding of (% style="color:red" %)**LoRaWAN ABP End Node**(%%). Requirements:
++)))
--The basic of this feature is the decoding of LoRaWAN ABP End Node. Requirements:
--
 . LoRaWAN End Node in ABP mode. Make sure your end node works in this mode. End node most are default set to OTAA mode
 . LoRaWAN Gateway model: [[LPS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/148-lps8.html]], [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/140-lg308.html]], [[DLOS8>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/160-dlos8.html]] ,[[LIG16>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-gateway/item/171-lig16.html]]
--1. Firmware version for below instruction:[[Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]]
++1. Firmware version for below instruction:**[[(% style="color:purple" %)Since LG02_LG08~~-~~-build-v5.4.1593400722-20200629-1120>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Release/]](%%)**
++= 2. How it works =
--= How it works =
++(% style="color:#037691" %)**Video Instruction**(%%): **[[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM>>url:https://youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM]]**
--\\Video Instruction: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM>>url:https://youtu.be/ZBjXwmp7rwM]]
--
--\\
--
  Assume we have the LoRaWAN tracker LGT92 which works in ABP mode and US915 band. It has below keys:
--{{{AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
++(% class="box infomessage" %)
++(((
++AT+NWKSKEY=72 32 63 95 dd 8f e2 b2 13 66 e4 35 93 8f 55 df
  AT+APPSKEY=b3 17 f8 14 7a 43 27 8a 6a 31 c4 47 3d 55 5d 33
  AT+DADDR=2602111D
--}}}
++)))
++(((
  and we have the LG308 works and US915 band and support ABP decryption. User can input these keys in LG308 so the LG308 can communicate with LGT92.
++)))
  We need to input above keys in LG308 and enable ABP decryption.
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png~|~|height="329" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LG308_MQTT_1.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/5/55/LG308_MQTT_1.png/600px-LG308_MQTT_1.png||height="329" width="600"]]
  Input the ABP keys in LG308
--== Upstream ==
++== 2.1 Upstream ==
  Now when this End Node (Dev Addr=2602111D) send a uplink packet. When this packet arrive LG308, LG308 will decode it and put the decode data on the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D . So we have this data for further process with other applications in LG308.
++(((
  We can see the log of LG308 to know this packet arrive
++)))
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png~|~|height="205" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:ABP_DECODE_2.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/1/16/ABP_DECODE_2.png/600px-ABP_DECODE_2.png||height="205" width="600"]]
  LG308 log by "logread -f" command
@@ -52,59 +52,70 @@
  The data of End Node is stored in the file /var/iot/channels/2602111D. We can use hexdump command to check it.
--{{{root@dragino-1d25dc:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
--0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546      --> Got RSSI and SNR
--0000010 cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00    --> Payload
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
++0000000 (% class="mark" %)**4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546**(%%)      ~-~-> Got RSSI and SNR
++0000010 (% class="mark" %)**cc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00 **(%%)   ~-~-> Payload
 c
--}}}
++)))
  * RSSI: 4646 4646 4646 3946 = 0xFFFF FF9F : So RSSI = (0xFFFF FF9F - 0x100000000) = -97
  * SNR: 3030 3030 3030 3546 = 0x0000 005F = 95, need to divide 10 so SNR is 9.5
  * Payload: 0xcc0c 0b63 0266 017f ff7f ff00
--
--{{{Notice 1: The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
--in LGT92, use AT+SEND=12:hello world to send ASCII string
--root@dragino-1d25dc:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++(% class="mark" %)**Notice 1**(%%): The data file stored in LG308 for the end node is bin file. If the end node sends ASCII string to gateway, the output will as below:
++in LGT92, use **AT+SEND=12**:hello world to send ASCII string
++root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/2602111D
  0000000 4646 4646 4646 3946 3030 3030 3030 3546
--0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      --> Got ASCII code "hello world"
++0000010 6865 6c6c 6f20 776f 726c 6400      ~-~-> Got ASCII code "hello world"
 c
--}}}
++)))
--{{{Notice 2: The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
--}}}
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++(% class="mark" %)**Notice 2**(%%): The upstream payload length should match the LoRaWAN length requirement (max length depends on Frequency and DR), otherwise the gateway can't decode the payload.
++)))
--=== Decode Method ===
++=== 2.2.1 Decode Method ===
--The decode methods: ASCII String, Decode_LHT65 doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
++The decode methods: **ASCII String, Decode_LHT65** doesn't affect how the sensor data is stored, they are to define how should the sensor data to be sent.
  For example we have a LHT65 , works in ABP mode and gateway successful get the data, which are:
--{{{root@dragino-1baf44:~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/01826108
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++root@dragino-1baf44:~~# hexdump /var/iot/channels/01826108
  0000000 4646 4646 4646 4537 3030 3030 3030 3438
--0000010 ccd1 7fff 7fff 017f ff7f ff00
++0000010 ccd1 7fff 7fff 017f ff7f ff00
 c
--}}}
++)))
  If we choose ASCII decoder, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data:
--{{{Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: ASCII
  Sun Sep 27 04:33:16 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: ffffffe700000048ccd17fff7fff017fff7fff00
--}}}
++)))
  If we choose Decode_LHT65, the MQTT process will send out with mqtt-data
--{{{Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:pub_topic[-t]: dragino-1baf44/01826108/data
  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:decoder: Dragino_LHT65
  Sun Sep 27 04:36:45 2020 user.notice root: [IoT.MQTT]:mqtt_data[-m]: {"Hum_SHT":32.7,"BatV":3.281,"TempC_DS":32.9,
  "EXT":"Temperature Sensor","RSSI":-24,"TempC_SHT":85.0,"SNR":8.2,"ext_sensor":0}
--}}}
++)))
  Above scripts are store in /etc/lora/decoder/. User can put their scripts here and select it in the UI.
--=== How to Decode My End Node ===
++=== 2.2.2 How to Decode My End Node ===
 / Configure the ABP keys for your end node in the gateway. enable ABP decode in Web UI
@@ -126,19 +126,17 @@
  * the last line return is what will be used for MQTT
  * User can use other language ,not limited to Lua, just make sure the return is what you want to send.
++== 2.2 Downstream ==
--== Downstream ==
--
  In LG308, we can create a file in the directory /var/iot/push for downstream purpose. We recommend using each command to generate this file. This file will be used for transmission and auto-deleted after used
  The file should use below format:
++(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload**
--dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload
--
  Since fimware > Dragino-v2 lgw-5.4.1608518541 . Support more option
--dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow
++(% class="mark" %)**dev_addr,imme/time,txt/hex,payload,txpw,txbw,SF,frequency,rxwindow**
  * dev_addr: Inptu the device address
  * imme/time:
@@ -158,15 +158,13 @@
  * Frequency: Transmit Frequency: example: 923300000
  * rxwindow: transmit on Rx1Window or Rx2Window.
--
  Completely exmaple:
  * Old version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101 > /var/iot/push/test
  * New version: echo 018193F4,imme,hex,0101,20,1,SF12,923300000,2 > /var/iot/push/test
++(% class="mark" %)**Downstream Frequency**
--Downstream Frequency
--
  The LG308 will use the RX2 window info to send the downstream payload, use the default LoRaWAN settings, as below:
  * EU868: 869.525Mhz, DR0(SF12BW125)
@@ -178,23 +178,33 @@
  * IN865: 866.55Mhz, SF10 BW125
  * RU864: 869.1Mhz, SF12 BW125
++(% class="mark" %)**Examples:**
--Examples:
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
++root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
++)))
--{{{we can use echo command to create files in LG308 for downstream.
--root@dragino-1d25dc:~# echo 2602111D,time,hex,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
++lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
++lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
++lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
++)))
--1) From logread -f of gateway, we can see it has been added as pedning.
--lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK]Looking file : test
--lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK]devaddr:2602111D, txmode:time, pdfm:hex, size:4, payload1:4Vx,payload_hex:77C1BB90
--lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO~ [DNLK] DNLINK PENDING!(1 elems).
--
--2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++2) When there is an upstrea from end node, this downstream will be sent and shows:
  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: INFO: tx_start_delay=1497 (1497.000000) - (1497, bw_delay=0.000000, notch_delay=0.000000)
  lora_pkt_fwd[4286]: [LGWSEND]lgw_send done: count_us=3537314420, freq=923300000, size=17
++)))
--3) and the end node will got:
--[5764825]***** UpLinkCounter= 98 *****
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++3) and the end node will got:
++[5764825]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 98 ~*~*~*~**
  [5764827]TX on freq 905300000 Hz at DR 0
  Update Interval: 60000 ms
  [5765202]txDone
@@ -204,11 +204,13 @@
  [5767501]rxDone
  Rssi= -41
  Receive data
--2:12345678    --> Hex
--}}}
++2:12345678    ~-~-> Hex
++)))
--{{{4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
--[5955877]***** UpLinkCounter= 102 *****
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++4) If we use the command "echo 2602111D,time,txt,12345678 > /var/iot/push/test" for downstream, the end node will got:
++[5955877]~*~*~*~** UpLinkCounter= 102 ~*~*~*~**
  [5955879]TX on freq 904100000 Hz at DR 0
  Update Interval: 60000 ms
  [5956254]txDone
@@ -218,51 +218,54 @@
  [5958595]rxDone
  Rssi= -37
  Receive data
--2:3132333435363738 --> ASCII string "12345678"
--}}}
++2:3132333435363738 ~-~-> ASCII string "12345678"
++)))
--= Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
++= 3. Example 1: Communicate with LT-22222-L =
  Script can be download from: [[Example Script 1>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/customized_script/&file=talk_to_lt-22222-l_v0.1.sh]]
--{{{#!/bin/sh
++(% class="box" %)
++(((
++#!/bin/sh
  # This scripts shows how to use LPS8/LG308/DLOS8 to communicate with two LoRaWAN End Nodes, without the use of internet or LoRaWAN server
  #
--# Hardware Prepare:
--# 1. LT-22222-L x 2, both are configured to work in
--#   a) Class C ;
--# b) ABP Mode ;
++# Hardware Prepare:
++# 1. LT-22222-L x 2, both are configured to work in
++#   a) Class C ;
++# b) ABP Mode ;
  # c) AT+Mod=1
--# 2. LPS8,
--#   a) Firmware version >
--#   b) Input the LT-22222-L keys in LPS so LPS8 can talk with them.
--#   c) Lorawan server choose built-in
--#   d) in Custom page, select custom script to point to this script. (put this script in /etc/iot/scripts directory)
--#
--# How it works?
--#   a) Devices 1 sends a uplink payload to LPS8. LPS8 will get the DI1 and DI2 info from the payload
--#   b) LPS8 will send a message to Device 2 to set the Device2 DO1 = Device1 DI1, and Device DO2 = Device DI2.
--#   c) Device2 will change DO1 and DO2 to according to the message from LPS8, and send back a message to LPS8 with the its DO1
--#   and DO2 value. LPS8 will ask Device1 to change its DO1 to same as Device 2, and change the DO2 to the same as Device 2.
--#   ( The purpose of this step is to show that the Device2 has already do the change there).
--#
--#  For example: If current status of Device1 and Device2 leds shows:
--#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
--#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
++# 2. LPS8,
++#   a) Firmware version >
++#   b) Input the LT-22222-L keys in LPS so LPS8 can talk with them.
++#   c) Lorawan server choose built-in
++#   d) in Custom page, select custom script to point to this script. (put this script in /etc/iot/scripts directory)
  #
--#  Step2  will cause below change:
--#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
--#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
--#
--#  Step3 will cause below change:
--#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
--#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
--#  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
--#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.}}}
++# How it works?
++#   a) Devices 1 sends a uplink payload to LPS8. LPS8 will get the DI1 and DI2 info from the payload
++#   b) LPS8 will send a message to Device 2 to set the Device2 DO1 = Device1 DI1, and Device DO2 = Device DI2.
++#   c) Device2 will change DO1 and DO2 to according to the message from LPS8, and send back a message to LPS8 with the its DO1
++#   and DO2 value. LPS8 will ask Device1 to change its DO1 to same as Device 2, and change the DO2 to the same as Device 2.
++#   ( The purpose of this step is to show that the Device2 has already do the change there).
++#
++#  For example: If current status of Device1 and Device2 leds shows:
++#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
++#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
++#
++#  Step2  will cause below change:
++#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: OFF,  DO2: OFF
++#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
++#
++#  Step3 will cause below change:
++#  Device1: DI1: ON, DI2: ON , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
++#  Device2: DI1: OFF, DI2: OFF , DO1: ON,  DO2: ON
++#  So if a person is in the Device 1 location, he can check if the DO LED match DI LEDs on Device 1 to confirm
++#  whether the Device 2 has been changed.
++)))
  ~1. Input keys
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png~|~|height="335" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_LT-22222_1.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
  Input Keys in LPS8
@@ -270,26 +270,26 @@
 . Choose Built-in server
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png~|~|height="264" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_LT-22222_2.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/d/d7/LPS8_LT-22222_2.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_2.png||height="264" width="600"]]
  Choose Built-in server
 . Run the script.
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png~|~|height="389" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_LT-22222_3.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/3/39/LPS8_LT-22222_3.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_3.png||height="389" width="600"]]
  Run the script
 . Output:
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png~|~|height="433" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_LT-22222_4.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/f/fe/LPS8_LT-22222_4.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_4.png||height="433" width="600"]]
  Output from LPS8
--= Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
++= 4. Example 2: Communicate to TCP Server =
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png~|~|height="370" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_TCP_0.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/7/75/LPS8_TCP_0.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_0.png||height="370" width="600"]]
  Network Structure
@@ -297,20 +297,19 @@
  Full instruction video inlcude how to write scripts to fit server needed is here:
--Video Instruction: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
++(% class="mark" %)**Video Instruction**: [[https:~~/~~/youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE>>url:https://youtu.be/-nevW6U2TsE]]
++(% class="mark" %)**Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907**
--Note: Firmware version must be higher than lgw-5.4.1607519907
--
  Assume we already set up ABP keys in the gateway:
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png~|~|height="335" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_LT-22222_1.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/b/bf/LPS8_LT-22222_1.png/600px-LPS8_LT-22222_1.png||height="335" width="600"]]
  Input Keys in LPS8
  run socket tool in PC
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png~|~|height="212" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_TCP_2.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/4/4b/LPS8_TCP_2.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_2.png||height="212" width="600"]]
  Socket tool
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
  Input Server address and port
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png~|~|height="306" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_TCP_3.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/c/c6/LPS8_TCP_3.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_3.png||height="306" width="600"]]
  Input Server address and port
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
  See value receive in socket tool. :
--[[~[~[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png~|~|height="219" width="600"~]~]>>url:https://wiki.dragino.com/index.php/File:LPS8_TCP_4.png]]
++[[image:https://wiki.dragino.com/images/thumb/2/20/LPS8_TCP_4.png/600px-LPS8_TCP_4.png||height="219" width="600"]]
  value receive in socket tool

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