LSN50 & LSN50-V2 - LoRaWAN Sensor Node User Manual

(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]]

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= 1. Introduction =

== 1.1 What is LSN50 LoRa Sensor Node ==

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LSN50 is a Long Range LoRaWAN Sensor Node. It is designed for (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**outdoor data logging **(%%)and powered by (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Li/SOCl2 battery**(%%) for long term use and secure data transmission. It is designed to facilitate developers to quickly deploy industrial level LoRa and IoT solutions. It helps users to turn the idea into a practical application and make the Internet of Things a reality. It is easy to program, create and connect your things everywhere.

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It is based on SX1276/SX1278 allows the user to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption. It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities, building automation, and so on.

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50**(%%) uses STM32l0x chip from ST, STML0x is the (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**ultra-low-power**(%%) STM32L072xxxx microcontrollers incorporate the connectivity power of the universal serial bus (USB 2.0 crystal-less) with the high-performance ARM® Cortex®-M0+ 32-bit RISC core operating at a 32 MHz frequency, a memory protection unit (MPU), high-speed embedded memories (192 Kbytes of Flash program memory, 6 Kbytes of data EEPROM and 20 Kbytes of RAM) plus an extensive range of enhanced I/Os and peripherals.

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LSN50 is an (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**open source product**(%%), it is based on the STM32Cube HAL drivers and lots of libraries can be found in ST site for rapid development.

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[[image:1656294562709-486.png]]

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== 1.2 Specifications ==

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Micro Controller:**

* MCU: STM32L072xxxx

* Flash: 128KB

* RAM: 20KB

* EEPROM: 6KB

* Clock Speed: 32Mhz

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Common DC Characteristics:**

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* Supply Voltage: 2.1v ~~ 3.6v

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* Operating Temperature: -40 ~~ 85°C

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* I/O pins: Refer to [[STM32L072 datasheet>>https://www.st.com/resource/en/datasheet/stm32l072cz.pdf]]

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**

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* Frequency Range,

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** Band 1 (HF): 862 ~~ 1020 Mhz

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* or

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** Band 2 (LF): 410 ~~ 528 Mhz

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* 168 dB maximum link budget.

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* +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.

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* +14 dBm high efficiency PA.

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* Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.

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* High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.

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* Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.

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* Excellent blocking immunity.

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* Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.

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* Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz .

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* FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.

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* Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.

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* Preamble detection.

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* 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.

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* Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.

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* Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC.

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* LoRaWAN 1.0.2 Specification

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Battery:**

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* Li/SOCI2 un-chargeable battery

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* Capacity: 4000mAh

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* Self Discharge: <1% / Year @ 25°C

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* Max continuously current: 130mA

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* Max boost current: 2A, 1 second

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(% style="color:#037691" %)**Power Consumption**

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* STOP Mode: 2.7uA @ 3.3v

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* LoRa Transmit Mode: 125mA @ 20dBm 44mA @ 14dBm

== 1.3 Features ==

* LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A, Class C

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* STM32L072xxxx MCU

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* SX1276/78 Wireless Chip

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* Pre-load bootloader on USART1/USART2

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* MDK-ARM Version 5.24a IDE

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* I2C, LPUSART1, USB, SPI2

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* 3x12bit ADC, 1x12bit DAC

* 20xDigital I/Os

* LoRa™ Modem

* Preamble detection

* Baud rate configurable

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* CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/IN865

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* EU868/AS923/AU915/MA869

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* Open-source hardware / software

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* Available Band:433/868/915/920 Mhz

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* IP66 Waterproof Enclosure

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* Ultra-Low Power consumption

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* AT Commands to change parameters

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* 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use.

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== 1.4 Applications ==

* Smart Cities

* Smart Factory

* Smart Metering

* Smart Agriculture

* Smart Buildings & Home Automation

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* Logistics and Supply Chain Management

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== 1.5 Pin Definitions and Switch ==

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(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

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[[image:1656295519542-152.png||height="413" width="728"]]

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[[image:1656295532863-613.png||height="371" width="721"]]

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(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="width:510px" %)

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|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**No.**|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Signal**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Direction**|=(% style="width: 180px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Function**|=(% style="width: 170px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)Remark

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)1|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)VCC(2.9V)|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)OUTPUT|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Directly connect to main power for board

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)2|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA0|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Used as ADC in LSN50 image

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)3|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA1|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)4|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA2|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Used as UART_TXD in LSN50 image

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)5|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA3|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Used as UART_RXD in LSN50 image

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)6|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB6|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)7|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB7|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)8|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB3|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)9|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB4|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)10|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA9|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)11|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA10|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip, 10k pull up to VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)12|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)GND|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %) |(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Ground|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)13|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)VCC(2.9V)|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)OUTPUT|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)VCC|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Directly connect to main power for board

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)14|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)Jumper|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %) |(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Power on/off jumper|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)15|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA4|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)16|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)NRST|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Reset MCU|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)17|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA12|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)18|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA11|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)19|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA14|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)20|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB13|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)21|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB12|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)22|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB15|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)23|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PB14|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)24|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA13|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)25|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)PA8|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In/Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Directly from STM32 chip|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Default use to turn on/off LED1 in LSN50 image

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)26|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)GND|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %) |(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Ground|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)27|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)+5V|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)Out|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)5v output power|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)(((

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Controlled by PB5(Low to Enable, High to Disable)

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Continuous output : max 600mA

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Pulse output : max 1A

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)28|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)LED1|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %) |(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Controlled by PA8|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)Blink on transmit

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)29|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)BOOT MODE|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %) |(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Configure device in working mode or ISP program mode|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)(((

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Flash: Normal Working mode and send AT Commands

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ISP: UART Program Mode

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|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:44px" %)30|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:86px" %)NRST|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:84px" %)In|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:322px" %)Reset MCU|(% style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:296px" %)

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(% style="display:none" %)

=== 1.5.1 Jumper JP2 ===

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Power on Device when put this jumper.

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=== 1.5.2 BOOT MODE / SW1 ===

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~1. ISP: upgrade mode, device won't have any signal in this mode. but ready for upgrade firmware. LED won't work. Firmware won't run.

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2. Flash: work mode, device starts to work and send out console output for further debug

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=== 1.5.3 Reset Button ===

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Press to reboot the device.

=== 1.5.4 LED ===

It will flash:

~1. When boot the device in flash mode

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2. Send an uplink packet

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== 1.6 Hardware Change log ==

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(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Hardware version is marked in the PCB.**

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v2.1:**

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1. Change R14 to 1M ohm

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1. Change R3, R4 to 4.7Kohm. So no need to modify them for 3 DS18B20 connection.

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1. Add ESD to each I/O

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v2.0:**

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* Change to a new enclosure. Improve with external antenna, IP66, ear hook.

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v1.3**:

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* Add P-MOS to control 5V output

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(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v1.2**:

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* Add LED. Turn on for every LoRa transmit

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* Add pin PA4, PB13, NRST

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* Add 5V Output, on/off control by PB5(Low to Enable, High to Disable)

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== 1.7 Hole Option ==

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The LSN50 provides different hole size options for different size sensor cable. The options provided are M12, M16 and M20. The definition is as below:

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[[image:image-20220627104757-1.png]]

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[[image:1656298089706-973.png]]

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= 2. Use LSN50 with LoRaWAN firmware =

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== 2.1 How it works ==

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The LSN50 is pre-loaded with a firmware and is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you just need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSN50. It will automatically join the network via OTAA.

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The diagram below shows the working flow in default firmware (ver 1.8.0):

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[[image:image-20220823174408-9.png||height="890" width="657"]]

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In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands>>||anchor="H3.A0UsingtheATCommands"]] to set the keys in the LSN50.

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== 2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==

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Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN V3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.

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(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]][[image:1655891470063-521.png]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)[[image:1656298385089-555.png]]

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(% _mstmutation="1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(%%)The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN V3 network >>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/||_mstmutation="1"]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN V3 server.(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]][[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)(%%)

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%): Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSN50.

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Each LSN50 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:

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[[image:image-20230425173445-3.png||height="250" width="538"]]

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(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]][[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)(%%)

(((

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You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:

)))

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**Register the device：**

)))

)))

(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](%%)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)

348

349

(% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||data-widget="image" draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220, 220, 220, 0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" %)[[image:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAPABAP///wAAACH5BAEKAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==||draggable="true" height="15" role="presentation" title="Click and drag to move" width="15"]](% _mstaria-label="548795" aria-label="Data URI image image widget" contenteditable="false" role="region" style="background-image:url(http://wiki1.dragino.com/xwiki/webjars/wiki%3Axwiki/application-ckeditor-webjar/1.61/plugins/widget/images/handle.png); background:rgba(220,220,220,0.5); display:none" tabindex="-1" title="Click and drag to resize" %)(% title="Click and drag to resize" %)[[image:image-20231028092240-1.png]]

350

351

352

**Add APP EUI ,DEV EUI and AppKey:**

353

354

355

[[image:image-20231028092510-2.png||height="568" width="775"]]

356

357

358

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%)**:** Power on LSN50

359

360

361

Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device.

362

363

[[image:image-20220627145643-5.png]]

**For LSn50v2:**

[[image:1656313034748-905.png]]

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSN50 will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN V3 and you can see the messages in the panel.

)))

)))

[[image:1656312908855-552.png]]

377

378

379

== 2.3 Working Mode & Uplink Payload ==

(((

LSN50 has different working mode for the connections of different type of sensors. This section describes these modes. Use can use the AT Command AT+MOD to set LSN50 to different working modes.

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For example:

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(% _mstmutation="1" style="color:red" %)**AT+MOD=2 **(%%) ~/~/ will set the LSN50 to work in MOD=2 distance mode which target to measure distance via Ultrasonic Sensor.

)))

(((

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(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE:**

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~1. Some working modes has payload more than 12 bytes, The US915/AU915/AS923 frequency bands' definition has maximum 11 bytes in **DR0**. Server sides will see NULL payload while LSn50 transmit in DR0 with 12 bytes payload.

404

405

2. All modes share the same Payload Explanation from HERE.

406

407

3. By default, the device will send an uplink message every 5 minutes.

)))

=== 2.3.1 MOD~=1 (Default Mode) ===

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In this mode, uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes. Uplink packets use FPORT=2.

416

417

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

418

|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:30px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:30px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)**2**

419

420

421

[[image:image-20220627150949-6.png]]

)))

=== 2.3.2 MOD~=2 (Distance Mode) ===

426

427

428

This mode is target to measure the distance. The payload of this mode is totally 11 bytes. The 8^^th^^ and 9^^th^^ bytes is for the distance.

429

430

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

431

|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:40px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:30px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**2**

432

|Value|BAT|(((

433

Temperature(DS18B20)

434

)))|ADC|Digital in & Digital Interrupt|(((

Distance measure by:

1) LIDAR-Lite V3HP

Or

2) Ultrasonic Sensor

)))|Reserved

[[image:1656324539647-568.png]]

442

443

444

(% style="color:red" %)**Connection of LIDAR-Lite V3HP:**

445

446

[[image:1656324581381-162.png]]

447

448

449

(% style="color:red" %)**Connection to Ultrasonic Sensor:**

450

451

[[image:1656324598488-204.png]]

452

453

For the connection to TF-Mini or TF-Luna , MOD2 payload is as below:

454

455

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

456

|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:35px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:80px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:35px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**

457

|Value|BAT|(% style="width:102px" %)(((

458

Temperature(DS18B20)

459

)))|(% style="width:145px" %)Digital in & Digital Interrupt|ADC|(((

460

Distance measure by:1)TF-Mini plus LiDAR

461

Or

462

2) TF-Luna LiDAR

463

)))|Distance signal strength

464

465

[[image:1656376779088-686.png]]

466

467

468

(% style="color:red" %)**Connection to [[TF-Mini plus>>url:http://en.benewake.com/product/detail/5c345cd0e5b3a844c472329b.html]] LiDAR(UART version):**

469

470

Need to remove R3 and R4 resistors to get low power. Since firmware v1.7.0

471

472

[[image:1656376795715-436.png]]

473

474

475

(% style="color:red" %)**Connection to [[TF-Luna>>url:http://en.benewake.com/product/detail/5e1c1fd04d839408076b6255.html]] LiDAR (UART version):**

476

477

Need to remove R3 and R4 resistors to get low power. Since firmware v1.7.0

478

479

[[image:1656376865561-355.png]]

480

481

(((

482

Please use firmware version > 1.6.5 when use MOD=2, in this firmware version, user can use LSn50 v1 to power the ultrasonic sensor directly and with low power consumption.

)))

=== 2.3.3 MOD~=3 (3 ADC + I2C) ===

487

488

489

This mode has total 12 bytes. Include 3 x ADC + 1x I2C

490

491

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)

492

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

493

**Size(bytes)**

494

)))|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 90px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 90px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)2|=(% style="width: 90px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)2|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)1

495

496

Digital in(PA12)&Digital Interrupt1(PB14)

497

)))|(% style="width:151px" %)Temperature(SHT20 or SHT31 or BH1750 Illumination Sensor)|(% style="width:131px" %)Humidity(SHT20 or SHT31)|(% style="width:66px" %)Bat

498

499

[[image:1656377431497-975.png]]

500

501

502

=== 2.3.4 MOD~=4 (3 x DS18B20) ===

503

504

505

This mode is supported in firmware version since v1.6.1. Software set to AT+MOD=4

506

507

Hardware connection is as below,

508

509

(% style="color:red" %)**( Note:**

510

511

* In hardware version v1.x and v2.0 , R3 & R4 should change from 10k to 4.7k ohm to support the other 2 x DS18B20 probes.

512

* In hardware version v2.1 no need to change R3 , R4, by default, they are 4.7k ohm already.

513

514

See [[here>>||anchor="H1.6A0HardwareChangelog" _mstmutation="1"]] for hardware changelog. (% style="color:red" %)**) **

515

516

[[image:1656377461619-156.png]]

517

518

519

This mode has total 11 bytes. As shown below:

520

521

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)

522

|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:40px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:100px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:30px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**1**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:110px" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:60px" %)**2**

|Value|BAT|(((

Temperature1

(DS18B20)

(PB3)

)))|ADC|Digital in & Digital Interrupt|Temperature2

(DS18B20)

(PA9)|Temperature3

(DS18B20)

(PA10)

[[image:1656377606181-607.png]]

534

535

536

=== 2.3.5 MOD~=5(Weight Measurement by HX711) ===

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This mode is supported in firmware version since v1.6.2. Please use v1.6.5 firmware version so user no need to use extra LDO for connection.

)))

[[image:1656378224664-860.png]]

546

547

548

Each HX711 need to be calibrated before used. User need to do below two steps:

549

550

1. Zero calibration. Don't put anything on load cell and run **AT+WEIGRE** to calibrate to Zero gram.

551

1. Adjust calibration factor (default value 400): Put a known weight thing on load cell and run **AT+WEIGAP** to adjust the Calibration Factor.

552

1. (((

553

Remove the limit of plus or minus 5Kg in mode 5, and expand from 2 bytes to 4 bytes（Since its maximum number of bytes is 4 bytes with positive and negative

554

So its maximum weight is 2,147,483,647）, the unit is g.(Since v1.8.0)

)))

For example:

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+WEIGAP =403.0**

560

561

Response: Weight is 401 g

562

563

564

Check the response of this command and adjust the value to match the real value for thing.

565

566

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:490px" %)

567

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

568

**Size(bytes)**

569

)))|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 110px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 130px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**4**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)2

570

|(% style="width:97px" %)Value|(% style="width:40px" %)[[Bat>>||anchor="H2.4.1BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:110px" %)[[Temperature(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H2.4.2Temperature28DS18B2029"]]|(% style="width:30px" %)[[ADC>>||anchor="H2.4.4AnalogueDigitalConverter28ADC29"]]|(% style="width:120px" %)[[Digital Input and Digitak Interrupt>>||anchor="H2.4.3DigitalInput"]]|(% style="width:40px" %)Weight|(% style="width:40px" %)Reserved

571

572

[[image:image-20220820120036-2.png||height="469" width="1003"]]

573

574

575

=== 2.3.6 MOD~=6 (Counting Mode, Since firmware v1.6.5) ===

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In this mode, the device will work in counting mode. It counts the interrupt on the interrupt pins and sends the count on TDC time.

)))

(((

Connection is as below. The PIR sensor is a count sensor, it will generate interrupt when people come close or go away. User can replace the PIR sensor with other counting sensors.

)))

[[image:1656378351863-572.png]]

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) LoRaWAN wireless transmission will infect the PIR sensor. Which cause the counting value increase +1 for every uplink. User can change PIR sensor or put sensor away of the LSN50 to avoid this happen.

592

593

Power loss or restart will reset the count

)))

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:390px" %)

598

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Size(bytes)**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 110px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**4**

599

|(% style="width:80px" %)Value|(% style="width:44px" %)[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.4.1BatteryInfo"]]|(% style="width:172px" %)(((

600

[[Temperature(DS18B20)>>||anchor="H2.4.2Temperature28DS18B2029"]]

601

)))|(% style="width:51px" %)[[ADC>>||anchor="H2.4.4AnalogueDigitalConverter28ADC29"]]|(% style="width:206px" %)[[Digital in>>||anchor="H2.4.3DigitalInput"]]|(% style="width:72px" %)Count

602

603

[[image:1656378441509-171.png]]

604

605

606

=== 2.3.7 MOD~=7 Three interrupt contact modes (the hardware version needs to support three interrupt versions, Since firmware v1.8.0) ===

607

608

609

[[image:image-20220820140109-3.png]]

610

611

612

(% border="1" cellspacing="5" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:490px" %)

613

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

614

**Size(bytes)**

615

)))|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 100px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)1|=(% style="width: 50px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)2

616

617

Digital in(PA12)&Digital Interrupt1(PB14)

618

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)Digital Interrupt2(PB15)|(% style="width:159px" %)Digital Interrupt3(PA4)|(% style="width:159px" %)Reserved

619

620

=== 2.3.8 MOD~=8 (3ADC+1DS18B20, Since firmware v1.8.0) ===

621

622

623

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:470px" %)

624

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

625

**Size(bytes)**

626

)))|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 100px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 100px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)2

627

|(% style="width:97px" %)Value|(% style="width:46px" %)BAT|(% style="width:123px" %)Temperature(DS18B20)|(% style="width:108px" %)(((

628

ADC1(PA0)

629

)))|(% style="width:133px" %)(((

630

Digital in

631

& Digital Interrupt(PB14)

632

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)(((

633

ADC2(PA1)

634

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)(((

ADC3(PA4)

)))

[[image:image-20220823164903-2.png]]

639

640

641

=== 2.3.9 MOD~=9 3DS18B20+ two Interrupt count mode (the hardware version needs to support 3 interrupt versions, Since firmware v1.8.0) ===

642

643

644

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**(%%) Power loss or restart will reset the count

645

646

(% border="1" cellspacing="4" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:520px" %)

647

|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)(((

648

**Size(bytes)**

649

)))|=(% style="width: 30px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 70px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**1**|=(% style="width: 80px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**2**|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)4|=(% style="width: 60px;background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)4

650

|(% style="width:97px" %)Value|(% style="width:46px" %)BAT|(% style="width:123px" %)(((

651

Temperature1(PB3)

652

)))|(% style="width:108px" %)(((

653

Temperature2(PA9)

654

)))|(% style="width:133px" %)(((

655

Digital in

656

& Digital Interrupt(PA4)

657

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)(((

658

Temperature3(PA10)

659

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)(((

660

Count1(PB14)

661

)))|(% style="width:159px" %)(((

Count2(PB15)

)))

(% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H" %)

666

[[image:image-20220823165322-3.png]]

667

668

669

(% style="color:blue" %)**The newly added AT command is issued correspondingly:**

670

671

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+INTMOD1**(%%) (% style="background-color:yellow" %)** PB14**(%%) pin： Corresponding downlink: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**06 00 00 xx**

672

673

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+INTMOD2**(%%) (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**PB15**(%%) pin： Corresponding downlink:** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)06 00 01 xx(%%)**

674

675

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** AT+INTMOD3** (%%) (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**PA4** (%%) pin： Corresponding downlink: ** (% style="background-color:yellow" %)06 00 02 xx(%%)**

676

677

678

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+SETCNT=aa,bb**

679

680

When AA is 1, set the count of PB14 pin to BB Corresponding downlink：09 01 bb bb bb bb

681

682

When AA is 2, set the count of PB15 pin to BB Corresponding downlink：09 02 bb bb bb bb

683

684

685

=== 2.3.10 Decode payload in The Things Network ===

686

687

688

While using TTN V3 network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.

689

690

691

[[image:1656378466788-734.png]]

(((

The payload decoder function for TTN V3 are here:

)))

(((

LSN50 TTN V3 Payload Decoder: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder]]

)))

== 2.4 Payload Explanation and Sensor Interface ==

704

705

=== 2.4.1 Battery Info ===

(((

Check the battery voltage for LSN50.

)))

(((

Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV

)))

(((

Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV

)))

=== 2.4.2 Temperature (DS18B20) ===

722

723

724

If there is a DS18B20 connected to PB3 pin. The temperature will be uploaded in the payload.

725

726

More DS18B20 can check the [[3 DS18B20 mode>>||anchor="2.3.4MOD3D4283xDS18B2029"]]

727

728

729

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Connection:**

730

731

[[image:1656378573379-646.png]]

732

733

734

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Example**:

735

736

If payload is: 0105H: (0105 & 8000 == 0), temp = 0105H /10 = 26.1 degree

737

738

If payload is: FF3FH : (FF3F & 8000 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.

739

740

(FF3F & 8000 : Judge whether the highest bit is 1, when the highest bit is 1, it is negative)

741

742

743

=== 2.4.3 Digital Input ===

744

745

746

The digital input for pin PA12,

747

748

* When PA12 is high, the bit 1 of payload byte 6 is 1.

749

* When PA12 is low, the bit 1 of payload byte 6 is 0.

750

751

=== 2.4.4 Analogue Digital Converter (ADC) ===

(((

The ADC pins in LSN50 can measure range from 0~~Vbat, it use reference voltage from STM32. If user need to measure a voltage > VBat, please use resistors to divide this voltage to lower than VBat, otherwise, it may destroy the ADC pin.

756

757

Note: minimum VBat is 2.5v, when batrrey lower than this value. Device won't be able to send LoRa Uplink.

)))

(((

The ADC monitors the voltage on the PA0 line, in mV.

)))

(((

Ex: 0x021F = 543mv,

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Example1:** (%%) Reading an Oil Sensor (Read a resistance value):

)))

[[image:image-20220627172409-28.png]]

777

778

779

In the LSN50, we can use PB4 and PA0 pin to calculate the resistance for the oil sensor.

780

781

782

(% style="color:blue" %)**Steps:**

783

784

1. Solder a 10K resistor between PA0 and VCC.

785

1. Screw oil sensor's two pins to PA0 and PB4.

786

787

The equipment circuit is as below:

788

789

790

[[image:image-20220627172500-29.png]]

791

792

793

According to above diagram:

794

795

[[image:image-20220628091043-4.png]]

So

[[image:image-20220628091344-6.png]]

800

801

802

[[image:image-20220628091621-8.png]] is the reading of ADC. So if ADC=0x05DC=0.9 v and VCC (BAT) is 2.9v

803

804

805

The [[image:image-20220628091702-9.png]] 4.5K ohm

806

807

Since the Bouy is linear resistance from 10 ~~ 70cm.

808

809

810

The position of Bouy is [[image:image-20220628091824-10.png]] , from the bottom of Bouy.

811

812

813

=== 2.4.5 Digital Interrupt ===

814

815

816

Digital Interrupt refers to pin PB14, and there are different trigger methods. When there is a trigger, the LSN50 will send a packet to the server.

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Interrupt connection method:**

821

)))

822

823

[[image:1656379178634-321.png]]

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**Example to use with door sensor : (Requires firmware > 1.5.1)**

)))

(((

The door sensor is shown at right. It is a two wire magnetic contact switch used for detecting the open/close status of doors or windows.

833

)))

834

835

[[image:1656379210849-860.png]]

(((

When the two pieces are close to each other, the 2 wire output will be short or open (depending on the type), while if the two pieces are away from each other, the 2 wire output will be the opposite status. So we can use LSN50 interrupt interface to detect the status for the door or window.

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)** Below is the installation example:**

)))

(((

Fix one piece of the magnetic sensor to the door and connect the two pins to LSN50 as follows:

)))

* (((

One pin to LSN50's PB14 pin

853

)))

854

* (((

855

The other pin to LSN50's VCC pin

)))

(((

Install the other piece to the door. Find a place where the two pieces will be close to each other when the door is closed. For this particular magnetic sensor, when the door is closed, the output will be short, and PB14 will be at the VCC voltage.

)))

(((

Door sensors have two types: ** (% style="color:#4472c4" %)NC (Normal close)(%%)** and (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**NO (normal open)**(%%). The connection for both type sensors are the same. But the decoding for payload are reverse, user need to modify this in the IoT Server decoder.

)))

(((

When door sensor is shorted, there will extra power consumption in the circuit, the extra current is 3v3/R14 = 3v2/1Mohm = 0.3uA which can be ignored.

869

)))

870

871

[[image:1656379283019-229.png]]

(((

The above photos shows the two parts of the magnetic switch fitted to a door.

)))

(((

(((

The software by default uses the falling edge on the signal line as an interrupt. We need to modify it to accept both the rising edge (0v ~-~-> VCC , door close) and the falling edge (VCC ~-~-> 0v , door open) as the interrupt.

)))

)))

(((

The command is:

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="color:blue" %)**AT+INTMOD=1 **(% _mstmutation="1" %)** **(%%)~/~/(more info about INMOD please refer(% _mstmutation="1" %)** **(%%)[[**AT Command Manual**>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/&file=DRAGINO_LSN50_AT_Commands_v1.5.1.pdf||_mstmutation="1"]](% _mstmutation="1" %)**. **(%%))

)))

(((

Below shows some screen captures in TTN V3:

896

)))

897

898

[[image:1656379339508-835.png]]

899

900

901

In MOD=1, user can use byte 6 to see the status for door open or close. TTN V3 decoder is as below:

902

903

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)door= (bytes[6] & 0x80)? "CLOSE":"OPEN";

904

905

906

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice for hardware version LSN50 v1 < v1.3**(%%) (produced before 2018-Nov).

907

908

In this hardware version, there is no R14 resistance solder. When use the latest firmware, it should set AT+INTMOD=0 to close the interrupt. If user need to use Interrupt in this hardware version, user need to solder R14 with 10M resistor and C1 (0.1uF) on board.

909

910

[[image:1656379563303-771.png]]

911

912

913

=== 2.4.6 I2C Interface (SHT20) ===

(((

The PB6(SCL) and PB7(SDA) are I2C interface lines. You can use these to connect to an I2C device and get the sensor data.

)))

(((

We have made an example to show how to use the I2C interface to connect to the SHT20 Temperature and Humidity Sensor. This is supported in the stock firmware since v1.5 with (% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+MOD=1 (default value).**

922

923

(% style="color:red" %)**Notice: Different I2C sensors have different I2C commands set and initiate process, if user want to use other I2C sensors, User need to re-write the source code to support those sensors. SHT20 code in LSN50 will be a good reference.**

)))

(((

Below is the connection to SHT20/ SHT31. The connection is as below:

)))

[[image:image-20220902163605-2.png]]

932

933

934

The device will be able to get the I2C sensor data now and upload to IoT Server.

935

936

[[image:1656379664142-345.png]]

937

938

Convert the read byte to decimal and divide it by ten.

939

940

941

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

942

943

Temperature: Read:0116(H) = 278(D) Value: 278 /10=27.8℃;

944

945

Humidity: Read:0248(H)=584(D) Value: 584 / 10=58.4, So 58.4%

946

947

948

If you want to use other I2C device, please refer the SHT20 part source code as reference.

949

950

951

=== 2.4.7 Distance Reading ===

952

953

954

Refer [[Ultrasonic Sensor section>>||anchor="H2.4.8UltrasonicSensor"]].

955

956

957

=== 2.4.8 Ultrasonic Sensor ===

(((

The LSN50 v1.5 firmware supports ultrasonic sensor (with AT+MOD=2) such as SEN0208 from DF-Robot. This Fundamental Principles of this sensor can be found at this link: [[https:~~/~~/wiki.dfrobot.com/Weather_-_proof_Ultrasonic_Sensor_with_Separate_Probe_SKU~~_~~__SEN0208>>url:https://wiki.dfrobot.com/Weather_-_proof_Ultrasonic_Sensor_with_Separate_Probe_SKU___SEN0208]]

)))

(((

The LSN50 detects the pulse width of the sensor and converts it to mm output. The accuracy will be within 1 centimeter. The usable range (the distance between the ultrasonic probe and the measured object) is between 24cm and 600cm.

)))

(((

The picture below shows the connection:

972

)))

973

974

[[image:1656380061365-178.png]]

975

976

Connect to the LSN50 and run (% style="color:blue" %)**AT+MOD=2**(%%) to switch to ultrasonic mode (ULT).

977

978

The ultrasonic sensor uses the 8^^th^^ and 9^^th^^ byte for the measurement value.

979

980

981

(% style="color:blue" %)**Example:**

982

983

Distance: Read: 0C2D(Hex) = 3117(D) Value: 3117 mm=311.7 cm

984

985

[[image:1656384895430-327.png]]

986

987

988

[[image:1656384913616-455.png]]

989

990

991

You can see the serial output in ULT mode as below:

992

993

[[image:1656384939855-223.png]]

994

995

996

**In TTN V3 server:**

997

998

[[image:1656384961830-307.png]]

999

1000

1001

[[image:1656384973646-598.png]]

1002

1003

1004

=== 2.4.9 Battery Output - VDD pin ===

1005

1006

1007

The VDD pin of LSN50v2 is connected to the Battery directly. If users want to use VDD pin to power an external sensor. User need to make sure the external sensor is of low power consumption. Because the VDD pin is always open. If the external sensor is of high power consumption. the battery of LSN50v2 will run out very soon.

1008

1009

1010

=== 2.4.10 +5V Output ===

1011

1012

1013

Since v1.2 hardware version, a +5v output is added in the hardware. The +5V output will be valid for every sampling. LSN50 will enable +5V output before all sampling and disable the +5v after all sampling.

(((

Since firmware (% style="color:red" %)**v1.6.3**(%%), The 5V output time can be controlled by AT Command.

)))

(((

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**AT+5VT=1000**

)))

(((

Means set 5V valid time to have 1000ms. So the real 5V output will actually have 1000ms + sampling time for other sensors.

)))

(((

By default the AT+5VT=500. If the external sensor which require 5v and require more time to get stable state, user can use this command to increase the power ON duration for this sensor.

)))

=== 2.4.11 Weigh Sensor HX711 ===

1035

1036

1037

Since v1.6.2 firmware, LSN50 support Weigh Sensor HX711.

1038

1039

1040

=== 2.4.12 BH1750 Illumination Sensor ===

1041

1042

1043

Since v1.7.0 firmware, MOD=1 support this sensor. The sensor value is in the 8^^th^^ and 9^^th^^ bytes.

1044

1045

[[image:image-20220628110012-11.jpeg]]

1046

1047

1048

[[image:image-20220628110012-12.png]]

1049

1050

1051

=== 2.4.13 Working MOD ===

(((

The working MOD info is contained in the Digital in & Digital Interrupt byte (7^^th^^ Byte).

)))

(((

User can use the 3^^rd^^ ~~ 7^^th^^ bit of this byte to see the working mod:

)))

(((

Case 7^^th^^ Byte >> 2 & 0x1f:

)))

* 0: MOD1

* 1: MOD2

* 2: MOD3

* 3: MOD4

* 4: MOD5

* 5: MOD6

== 2.5 Configure LSN50 via AT or Downlink ==

(((

User can configure LSN50 via [[AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.A0UsingtheATCommands"]]or LoRaWAN Downlink Commands

)))

(((

There are two kinds of Commands:

1082

)))

1083

1084

* (% _mstmutation="1" style="color:blue" %)**Common Commands**(%%): They should be available for each sensor, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.7.0, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||_mstmutation="1"]]

1085

1086

* (% style="color:blue" %)**Sensor Related Commands**(%%): These commands are special designed for LSN50. User can see these commands below:

1087

1088

=== 2.5.1 Common Commands: ===

1089

1090

1091

They should be available for each of Dragino Sensors, such as: change uplink interval, reset device. For firmware v1.7.0, user can find what common commands it supports: [[End Device AT Commands>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome]]

1092

1093

1094

=== 2.5.2 Sensor related commands: ===

1095

1096

1097

(% style="color:blue" %)**Set work mode:**

1098

1099

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1100

1101

(((

1102

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+MOD=2 **(%%) ~/~/ Set work MOD =2. (1: IIC mode, 2: Distance mode, 3: 3ADC mode, 4: 3DS18B20 mode, 5: weight mode)

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+MOD=?** (%%) ~/~/ Get current work MOD

)))

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1111

1112

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x0A aa** (%%) ~/~/ Same as AT+MOD=aa

(% style="color:blue" %)**Set the trigger interrupt mode:**

1117

1118

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1119

1120

(((

1121

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+INTMOD=2** (%%) ~/~/ Set INTMOD =2. (0: Disable, 1:falling or rising, 2: falling, 3: rising)

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+INTMOD=?** (%%) ~/~/ Get current INTMOD

)))

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1130

1131

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x06 000003** (%%) ~/~/ Set AT+INTMOD=3

(% style="color:blue" %)**Set the 5V power open time during sampling:**

1136

1137

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1138

1139

(((

1140

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+5VT=1000** (%%) ~/~/ Set 5v open time to 1000ms

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+5VT=?** (%%) ~/~/ Check current 5v open duration

)))

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1149

1150

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x07 aa bb** (%%) ~/~/ Equal AT+5VT=0x(aa bb)

(% style="color:blue" %)**Set the weight to 0g (Zero Calibration):**

1155

1156

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1157

1158

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+WEIGRE** ** **(%%)** **~/~/ Set the weight to 0g

1159

1160

1161

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1162

1163

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x08 01** (%%) ~/~/ Set the weight to 0g

(% style="color:blue" %)**Get or Set the GAP Value (calibrate factor) of measurement:**

1168

1169

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1170

1171

(((

1172

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+WEIGAP=403.0** (%%) ~/~/ Set GAP Value =403.0 (response: Weight: xx g)

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+WEIGAP=?** (%%) ~/~/ Get current GAP Value

)))

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1181

1182

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x08 02 aa bb** (%%) ~/~/ Equal to AT+WEIGAP=0x(aa bb)/10

(% style="color:blue" %)**Encrypt upload:**

1187

1188

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1189

1190

(((

1191

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DECRYPT=1** (%%) ~/~/ The payload is uploaded without encryption

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DECRYPT=0** (%%) ~/~/ Encrypt when uploading payload (default)

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**Get data：**

1201

1202

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1203

1204

(((

1205

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+GETSENSORVALUE=0** (%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the reading of the current sensor

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+GETSENSORVALUE=1** (%%) ~/~/ The serial port gets the current sensor reading and uploads it.

(% style="color:blue" %)**Resets the downlink packet count:**

1214

1215

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1216

1217

(((

1218

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DISFCNTCHECK=0**(% _mstmutation="1" %)** **(%%) ~/~/(% _mstmutation="1" %)** **(%%)When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node will no longer receive downlink packets (default)

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DISFCNTCHECK=1** (%%) ~/~/ When the downlink packet count sent by the server is less than the node downlink packet count or exceeds 16384, the node resets the downlink packet count and keeps it consistent with the server downlink packet count

)))

(% style="color:blue" %)**When the limit bytes are exceeded, upload in batches:**

1228

1229

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1230

1231

(((

1232

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DISMACANS=0**(%%) ~/~/ When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of 11 bytes (DR0 of US915, DR2 of AS923, DR2 of AU195), the node will send a packet with a payload of 00 and a port of 4. (default)

)))

(((

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DISMACANS=1** (%%) ~/~/ When the MACANS of the reply server plus the payload exceeds the maximum number of bytes of the DR, the node will ignore the MACANS and not reply, and only upload the payload part.

1237

)))

1238

1239

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink Payload:**

1240

1241

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1242

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**0x21 00 01 ** (%%) ~/~/ Set the DISMACANS=1

(% style="color:blue" %)**Copy downlink to uplink:**

1247

1248

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1249

1250

(((

1251

(% _mstmutation="1" style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RPL=5**(%%) ~/~/ After receiving the package from the server, it will immediately upload the content of the package to the server, the port number is 100.

1252

)))

1253

1254

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1255

Example: (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**aa xx xx xx xx** (%%) ~/~/ aa indicates whether the configuration has changed, 00 is yes, 01 is no; xx xx xx xx are the bytes sent.

1256

1257

1258

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1259

[[image:image-20220823173747-6.png||height="165" width="1124"]]

1260

1261

**For example, sending 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 will return invalid configuration 00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77.**

[[image:image-20220823173833-7.png||height="149" width="1124"]]

1266

1267

**For example, if 01 00 02 58 is issued, a valid configuration of 01 01 00 02 58 will be returned.**

(% style="color:blue" %)**Query version number and frequency band 、TDC:**

1272

1273

* (((

1274

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink: 26 01 **(%%) ~/~/ Downlink 26 01 can query device upload frequency, frequency band, software version number, TDC time.

)))

**Example：**

[[image:image-20220823173929-8.png||height="76" width="1205"]]

(% style="color:blue" %)**Add rejoin feature if device offline:**

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* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1287

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**AT+DDETECT=<Flag>,<ACK_Timout_1>,<ACK_Timout_2> (Default Value: AT+DDETECT=1,1440,2880)**

1289

1290

(% style="color:red" %)**Flag:** (%%) 1 Enable online detect, 0: Disable online detect

1291

1292

(% style="color:red" %)**ACK_Timout_1:**(%%) Unit: min

1293

1294

(% style="color:red" %)**ACK_Timout_2:**(%%) Unit: min

1295

1296

1297

**Example: AT+DDETECT=1,1440,2880**

1298

1299

Enable Online Detect, if end node doesn't receive any downlink within ACK_Timout_1( 1440 minutes or 24 hours). End node will use confirmed uplink to send packets during ACK_Timout_1 (the 24th hour) to ACK_Timout_2 ( the 48th hour).

1300

1301

If from the 24th to 48th hour, end node got an downlink from server, it will switch back to unconfirmed uplink. end node will restart ACK_Timout_1.

1302

1303

If from the 24th to 48th hour, end node still not got any downlink, means device doesn't get ACK in 48 hours. Device will process rejoin, rejoin request interval is AT+RJTDC period. For AU915/ US915, device will use the sub-band used for last join.

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink: 0x32 01 05A0 0B40 **

0x01 : Flag

0x05A0: ACK_Timout_1

0x0B40: ACK_Timout_2

)))

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

1320

(% style="color:blue" %)**Add new feature to control NBTrans for unconfirmed uplink mode:**

1321

1322

* (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT Command:**

1323

1324

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)** AT+SETMAXNBTRANS=value1,value2 **(%%)** **~/~/ NBTrans specified how many re-transmission for each packet. If LoRaWAN LinkADR from server set NBTrans to high value. The battery will consume fast.

1325

1326

**AT+SETMAXNBTRANS=value1,value2 Default Value: AT+SETMAXNBTRANS=1,0**

1327

1328

(% style="color:red" %)**value1:** (%%) Set max NBTrans. For example, if value1(NBTrans)=1, end node set NBTrans max to 1 , even downlink LinkADR request end node to set NBTrans to higher value such as 6.

1329

1330

(% style="color:red" %)**value2:** (%%) 0: uplink fcnt doesn't change for each NBTrans; 1: uplink fcnt increase by 1 for each NBTrans.

1331

1332

set value2 to 1 for Chirpstack server, because Chirpstack will ignore same FCNT in re-transmission.

1333

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1335

**Example: AT+SETMAXNBTRANS=2,1**

1336

1337

Set max NBTrans to 2, fcnt will increase +1 for each NBTrans

* (((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink: 0x33 02 01**

value1=0x02

)))

(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)

value2=0x01

== 2.6 Show Data in Datacake IoT Server ==

(((

Datacake provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are the steps:

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%)**:** Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%)**:** To configure the Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add integration. To add the Datacake integration, perform the following steps:

1363

)))

1364

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[[image:1656385623971-339.png]]

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[[image:1656385646347-395.png]]

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[[image:1656385662459-942.png]]

1372

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**: **Create an account or log in Datacake.

1375

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(% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:** Search the LSN50 and add DevEUI.

1377

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[[image:1656385688973-317.png]]

1379

1380

1381

== 2.7 Firmware Change Log ==

(((

**Firmware download: ** [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/9k0a6sn8a94dc03/AAD54woDmnmAMUMY2WfKfjxoa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/9k0a6sn8a94dc03/AAD54woDmnmAMUMY2WfKfjxoa?dl=0]]

)))

(((

**Firmware Change Log: **[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/9k0a6sn8a94dc03/AAD54woDmnmAMUMY2WfKfjxoa?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/9k0a6sn8a94dc03/AAD54woDmnmAMUMY2WfKfjxoa?dl=0]]

)))

== 2.8 Use VDD or +5V to Power External Sensor ==

(((

User can use VDD or +5V to power external sensor.

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note:**

)))

1. (((

VDD is 2.5~~3.3v from the battery + diode, the VDD is always on, so when use VDD to power external sensor, make sure the sensor has a low power consumption in sleep mode ( less 50 uA) to get a long battery life.

1407

)))

1408

1. (((

1409

+5V output is only ON when sampling. And MCU will turn off it after sampling. So if sensor can support 5v, +5V out is the best choice. [[See here for more info>>||anchor="H2.4.10A02B5VOutput"]].

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: Always test the actually current pass by the JP2 jumper when connect to a new type of sensor.**

)))

== 2.9 Battery & Power Consumption ==

1418

1419

1420

LSN50v2 uses ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.

1421

1422

[[**Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20calculate%20the%20battery%20life%20of%20Dragino%20sensors%3F/]] .

1423

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1425

= 3. Using the AT Commands =

1426

1427

== 3.1 Access AT Commands ==

1428

1429

1430

LSN50 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSN50 for using AT command, as below.

1431

1432

1433

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v1 UART connection photo**

1434

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[[image:image-20220627165424-24.png||height="495" width="486"]]

1436

1437

1438

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50 v2 UART connection photo**

1439

1440

[[image:image-20220627165424-25.png||height="437" width="894"]]

(((

In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSN50. LSN50 will output system info once power on as below:

1445

)))

1446

1447

[[image:image-20220627165531-26.png||height="624" width="893"]](% style="display:none" %)

1448

1449

1450

== 3.2 Common AT Command Sequence ==

1451

1452

=== 3.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ===

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**If device has not joined network via OTAA:**

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM=0**

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**

)))

(((

(% style="color:#037691" %)**If device already joined network:**

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM=0**

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**

)))

=== 3.2.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ===

1486

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1488

See [[Sect 6.7>>||anchor="H6.7A0HowtoconfiguretheEUIkeysinLSN503F"]]

1489

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1491

= 4. Upload Firmware =

1492

1493

1494

(% style="color:red" %)**Notes**:

1495

1496

* Since image v1.3, the firmware will show version info during boot. If your device doesn't show version info, you may have a very old image version.

1497

* Always run AT+FDR to reset parameters to factory default after an update image.

1498

If the update is from image >= v1.3 to another image version >=v1.3, then the keys will be kept after running AT+FDR.

1499

Otherwise (e.g. from v1.2 to v1.3), AT+FDR may erase the keys.

1500

1501

== 4.1 Upload Firmware via Serial Port ==

1502

1503

1504

The LSN50's AT Command port can be used for firmware upgrade. The hardware connection for upgrade firmware is as below:

1505

1506

[[image:image-20220627163506-18.png||height="426" width="418"]]

1507

1508

1509

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step1**(%%)**:** Download [[flash loader>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/flasher-stm32.html]].

1510

1511

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2**(%%)**:** Download the [[LSN50 Image files>>url:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/g99v0fxcltn9r1y/AADnMzn1IN0LssOQNHlvooTta/LSN50%20%26%20LSN50-v2/Firmware/LSN50.hex?dl=0&subfolder_nav_tracking=1]].

1512

1513

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step3**(%%)**: **Open flashloader; choose the correct COM port to update

1514

1515

[[image:image-20220627163821-19.png]]

1516

1517

1518

[[image:image-20220627163930-20.png||height="450" width="751"]]

1519

1520

1521

[[image:image-20220627164030-21.png||height="459" width="750"]]

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step4**(%%)**: **Switch SW1 back to flash state and push the RESET button.

)))

(((

The LSN50 will then run the new firmware.

)))

== 4.2 Upload Firmware via ST-Link V2 ==

1534

1535

1536

You can use ST-LINK to upgrade firmware into LSN50. The hardware connection for upgrade firmware is as below:

1537

1538

[[image:1656319349131-664.png]]

1539

1540

1541

(% style="color:blue" %)**Connection:**

1542

1543

* (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**ST-LINK v2 GND <~-~-> LSN50 GND**

1544

* (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**ST-LINK v2 SWCLK <~-~-> LSN50 PA14**

1545

* (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**ST-LINK v2 SWDIO <~-~-> LSN50 PA13**

1546

* (% style="background-color:yellow" %)**ST-LINK v2 RST <~-~-> LSN50 NRST**

1547

1548

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step1:**(%%) Install [[ST-LINK driver>>url:https://www.stmicroelectronics.com.cn/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-utilities/stsw-link009.html]] first and then install [[ST-LINK Utility>>url:https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/stsw-link004.html]]

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1550

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2**(%%): Download the [[LSN50 Image files>>url:https://github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/LSN50.hex]].

1551

1552

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step3:**(%%)** **Open ST-LINK utility, (% style="color:blue" %)**file ~-~-> open file**(%%) to select the image to be upgraded.

1553

1554

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step4:**(%%)** **Click the “(% style="color:blue" %)**Program Verify**”(%%) button on ST-LINK.

1555

1556

[[image:image-20220627164303-22.png]]

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step5:**(%%)** **The led on the ST-LINK adapter will now blinking, and the ST-Link utility will pop up a download window. Click the start button to download the image to LSN50.

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**NOTE: If this step fails, ST-LINK can't establish connection to LSN50, please try to swap SWDIO & SWCLK pin. Some ST-LINK v2 devices are incorrectly marked.**

)))

[[image:image-20220627164303-23.png]]

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= 5. Developer Guide =

* (((

Software Source Code Download : [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/STM32CubeExpansion_LRWAN>>https://github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/STM32CubeExpansion_LRWAN]]

1576

)))

1577

* (((

1578

Hardware Source Code Download: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/Lora/tree/master/LSN50>>https://github.com/dragino/Lora/tree/master/LSN50]]

)))

(((

LSN50 is an open source project, developer can use compile their firmware for customized applications. User can get the source code from:

)))

* (((

Software Source Code: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/STM32CubeExpansion_LRWAN>>url:https://github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/STM32CubeExpansion_LRWAN||_mstmutation="1"]]

1587

)))

1588

* (((

1589

Hardware Design files: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/Lora/tree/master/LSN50>>url:https://github.com/dragino/Lora/tree/master/LSN50]]

1590

)))

1591

* (((

1592

Compile instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Compile%20Instruction%20~~-~~-%20STM32/>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Compile%20Instruction%20--%20STM32/]]

)))

(((

Use Keil to open project file:

)))

(((

STM32CubeExpansion_LRWAN/Projects/Multi/Applications/LoRa/DRAGINO-LRWAN(AT)/MDK-ARM/STM32L072CZ-Nucleo/Lora.uvprojx

)))

(((

)))

(((

In Keil, you can see what frequency band the code support.

1609

)))

1610

1611

[[image:image-20220627162417-15.png]]

1612

1613

1614

**~1. If you want to change frequency, modify the Preprocessor Symbols.**

1615

1616

1617

For example, change EU868 to US915

1618

1619

[[image:1656318662202-530.png]]

1620

1621

1622

**2. Compile and build**

1623

1624

[[image:image-20220627163212-17.png]]

= 6. FAQ =

== 6.1 Why there is 433/868/915 version? ==

(((

Different countries have different rules for the ISM band for LoRa. Although the LoRa chip can support a wide range of Frequencies, we provide different versions of the hardware for best tune of the LoRa hardware part.

)))

== 6.2 What is the frequency range of LT LoRa part? ==

1638

1639

1640

Different LT version supports different frequency range, below is the table for the working frequency and recommend bands for each model:

1641

1642

[[image:image-20220627155456-9.png]]

1643

1644

1645

== 6.3 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==

1646

1647

1648

You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.7200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].

1649

When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download.

1650

1651

1652

== 6.4 Can I use Private LoRa protocol? ==

(((

(((

The stock firmware is based on LoRaWAN protocol. You can use a private LoRa protocol in LSN50. This section describes an example for base LoRa transfer. It is a reference/demo and we do not provide further software development support on this topic.

)))

(((

In this demo, we will show the communication between LoRa Shield and LSN50, both of them using the basic LoRa library. LSN50 will send a message to a LoRa Shield and the LoRa Shield will print it to the console.

)))

)))

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LoRa Shield + UNO**:

1668

1669

Use the [[LoRa Library>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/LoRa_Raw_Example/Arduino/&file=LoRa.zip]] and upload the [[LoRa Receive>>http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LSN50-LoRaST/LoRa_Raw_Example/Arduino/LoRaReceiver.ino]] Sketch to Arduino.

1670

1671

1672

Refs: [[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/u9s41qdx5yujwcb/AAAT5r4QkMaeOogWrzJt7Wn4a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/u9s41qdx5yujwcb/AAAT5r4QkMaeOogWrzJt7Wn4a?dl=0]]

1673

1674

1675

Open the serial monitor to Arduino. The device acts as a LoRa Receiver and listen on the frequency 868.3Mhz by default.

1676

1677

1678

(% style="color:#4472c4" %)**LSN50**:

1679

1680

Use the <[[LoRa RAW code>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/LoRa_Raw_Example/LSN50/&file=lora_send.zip]]> . The project file is in: MDK-ARM\STM32L072CZ-Nucleo\ Lora.uvprojx

1681

1682

Compile it and Upload it to LSN50, the LSN50 will transfer on the frequency 868.3Mhz.

1683

1684

In the Arduino Console, it will see the received packets as below.

1685

1686

1687

[[image:image-20220627160116-10.png]]

1688

1689

1690

== 6.5 How to set up LSN50 to work in 8 channel mode ==

(((

By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.

)))

(((

You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.

)))

(((

)))

(((

For example, in (% style="color:blue" %)**US915**(%%) band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.

1707

)))

1708

1709

[[image:image-20220627160940-13.png]]

(((

When you use the TTN V3 network, the US915 frequency bands use are:

)))

* (((

903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1718

)))

1719

* (((

1720

904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1721

)))

1722

* (((

1723

904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1724

)))

1725

* (((

1726

904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1727

)))

1728

* (((

1729

904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1730

)))

1731

* (((

1732

904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1733

)))

1734

* (((

1735

905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

1736

)))

1737

* (((

1738

905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125

)))

* (((

904.6 - SF8BW500

)))

(((

Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN V3 network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**AT+CHE=2**

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**ATZ**

)))

(((

to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.

)))

(((

The (% style="color:blue" %)**AU915**(%%) band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.

1763

)))

1764

1765

[[image:image-20220627161124-14.png]]

1766

1767

1768

== 6.6 How to set up LSN50 to work with Single Channel Gateway such as LG01/LG02? ==

(((

In this case, users need to set LSN50 to work in ABP mode and transmit in only one frequency.

)))

(((

Assume we have a LG02 working in the frequency 868400000 now, below is the steps.

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step1: **(%%)Log in TTN V3, Create an ABP device in the application and input the network session key (NETSKEY), app session key (APPSKEY) from the device.

)))

[[image:image-20220627160542-11.png]]

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Note: You need to make sure the above three keys match in the device and in TTN V3. You can change them either in TTN V3 or in the Device to make them match. In TTN V3, NETSKEY and APPSKEY can be configured in the setting page, but the Device Addr is generated by TTN V3.**

)))

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**You can also change the Device ADDR in TTN V3 by using the [[The Things Network CLI>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/network/cli/quick-start.html]].**

)))

(((

(% style="color:blue" %)**Step2: **(%%)Run AT commands to make the LSN50 work in Single frequency and ABP mode. Below are the AT commands:

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+FDR(%%) ： Reset Parameters to Factory Default, Keys Reserve

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+NJM=0(%%) ： Set to ABP mode

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+ADR=0(%%) ： Set the Adaptive Data Rate Off

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DR=5(%%) ： Set Data Rate (Set AT+DR=3 for 915 band)

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+TDC=300000(%%) ： Set transmit interval to 5 minutes

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+CHS=868400000(%%) ： Set transmit frequency to 868.4Mhz

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)AT+DADDR=26 01 1A F1(%%) ：Set Device Address to 26 01 1A F1

)))

(((

(% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)ATZ(%%) ： Reset MCU

)))

(((

As shown below:

)))

[[image:image-20220627160542-12.png]]

1841

1842

1843

== 6.7 How to configure the EUI keys in LSN50? ==

(((

The early version of LSN50 firmware doesn't have pre-configured keys.

1848

It is recommended that you update the image to the latest version before configure the keys. Refer [[upgrade_image>>||anchor="H2.7200BFirmwareChangeLog"]] to update the firmware to the latest version.

1849

1850

Run AT commands to set the keys to desired keys; refer [[AT Command manual>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LSN50-LoRaST/DRAGINO_LSN50_AT_Commands_v1.6.3.pdf]].

(((

)))

== 6.8 Why can't users switch working modes? ==

1858

1859

LSN50v2 and LSNS0v2-S31B use different firmware. If the user purchased LSN50V2-S31B, the working mode cannot be switched according to this manual.

1860

1861

LSN50v2 and LSN50V2-S31b use the same motherboard, users can refer to the following burning instructions to change the LSN50V2-S31B firmware to LSN50v2.

1862

1863

[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products - DRAGINO>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Firmware%20Upgrade%20Instruction%20for%20STM32%20base%20products/#H3.1.2LSN50v22FLSN50v2-D222FLSN50v2-D232FLSN50v2-S31B]]

)))

= 7. Trouble Shooting =

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1871

== 7.1 Connection problem when uploading firmware. ==

(((

(% style="color:red" %)**Issue**(%%): While using USB to TTL to upload firmware via UART interface. It works for several times but most of times it fails.

)))

(((

)))

(((

(% style="color:green" %)**Checklist**:

)))

(((

~1. Double check if follow up exactly the steps as manual.

)))

(((

2. Check if hardware works fine: a) check if AT command works, b) check if ISP / flash switch works: PA12 will have different output level while set the ISP/Flash Switch in different position. c) check if reset button works.

)))

(((

3. If you use Windows10 system. Please change the flash loader to run in Windows7 compatibility mode.

1896

)))

1897

1898

[[image:image-20220627153421-8.png]]

(((

4. We have seen cases where the FT232 USB TTL adapter has a reliability issue with the PC USB chipset (Intel). In this case, even though points 1 and 2 above work, it still has a reliability issue for uploading. If this happens, change to a different PC or change the USB to TTL adapter to solve the issue.

)))

== 7.2 Why I can't join TTN V3 in US915 / AU915 bands? ==

1907

1908

1909

It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.

1910

1911

1912

== 7.3 AT Command input doesn't work ==

1913

1914

1915

In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:red" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:red" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.

= 8. Order Info =

Part Number: (% style="color:blue" %)**LSN50-XX-YY **(%%)**or (% style="color:blue" %)LSN50-v2-XX-YY-ZZ(%%)**

1922

1923

(% style="color:blue" %)**XX**(%%): The default frequency band

1924

1925

* (% style="color:red" %)**AS923 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN AS923 band

1926

* (% style="color:red" %)**AU915 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN AU915 band

1927

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU433 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN EU433 band

1928

* (% style="color:red" %)**EU868 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN EU868 band

1929

* (% style="color:red" %)**KR920 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN KR920 band

1930

* (% style="color:red" %)**US915 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN US915 band

1931

* (% style="color:red" %)**IN865 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN IN865 band

1932

* (% style="color:red" %)**CN470 **(%%)**:** LoRaWAN CN470 band

1933

1934

(% style="color:blue" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Hole Option

1935

1936

* (% style="color:red" %)**12**(%%): With M12 waterproof cable hole

1937

* (% style="color:red" %)**16**(%%): With M16 waterproof cable hole

1938

* (% style="color:red" %)**20**(%%): With M20 waterproof cable hole (LSN50 v2 doesn't have this version)

1939

* (% style="color:red" %)**NH**(%%): No Hole

1940

1941

(% style="color:blue" %)**ZZ**(%%)**: **Battery Option ( Only valid for v2 model)

1942

1943

* (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): with 4000mAh battery

1944

* (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): with 8500mAg battery

= 9. Packing Info =

(% style="color:blue" %)**For LSN50**(%%)**:**

1950

1951

**Package Includes**:

1952

1953

* LSN50 LoRa Sensor Node x 1

1954

1955

**Dimension and weight**:

1956

1957

* Device Size: 8 x 6.5 x 5 cm

1958

* Device Weight: 137g

1959

* Package Size / pcs : 9 x 7 x 6cm

1960

* Weight / pcs : 160g

1961

1962

(% style="color:blue" %)**For LSN50 v2**(%%)**:**

1963

1964

**Package Includes**:

1965

1966

* LSN50 v2 LoRa Sensor Node x 1

1967

* External antenna x 1

1968

* Spring Antenna (evaluate purpose)

1969

1970

**Dimension and weight**:

1971

1972

* Device Size: 9.7 x 6.5 x 4.7 cm

1973

* Device Weight: 150g

1974

* Package Size / pcs : 14.0 x 8x 5 cm

1975

* Weight / pcs : 180g

= 10. Support =

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.

1981

* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]].

= 11. References =

* [[Product Page>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/128-lsn50.html]]

1987

* [[Data Sheet, Document Base>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/djkxs7mr17y94mi/AABVlWbM9uzK9OA3mXyAT10Za?dl=0]]

1988

* [[Image Download>>url:https://github.com/dragino/LoRa_STM32/tree/master/LSN50.hex]]

1989

)))

Wiki source code of LSN50 & LSN50-V2 - LoRaWAN Sensor Node User Manual

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