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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:image-20220606151504-2.jpeg||height="554" width="554"]]
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13
14 **Table of Contents:**
15
16 {{toc/}}
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20
21
22
23 = 1. Introduction =
24
25 == 1.1 ​What is LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor ==
26
27
28 (((
29 The Dragino LSE01 is a (% style="color:blue" %)**LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor**(%%) for IoT of Agriculture. It is designed to measure the soil moisture of saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The soil sensor uses FDR method to calculate the soil moisture with the compensation from soil temperature and conductivity. It also has been calibrated in factory for Mineral soil type.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 It detects (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Moisture**(%%), (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Temperature**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**Soil Conductivity**(%%), and uploads the value via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 The LoRa wireless technology used in LES01 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 LES01 is powered by (% style="color:blue" %)**4000mA or 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery**(%%), It is designed for long term use up to 10 years.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45 Each LES01 is pre-load with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect after power on.
46 )))
47
48
49 [[image:1654503236291-817.png]]
50
51
52 [[image:1654503265560-120.png]]
53
54
55 == 1.2 ​Features ==
56
57
58 * LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
59 * Ultra low power consumption
60 * Monitor Soil Moisture
61 * Monitor Soil Temperature
62 * Monitor Soil Conductivity
63 * Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
64 * AT Commands to change parameters
65 * Uplink on periodically
66 * Downlink to change configure
67 * IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
68 * 4000mAh or 8500mAh Battery for long term use
69
70 == 1.3 Specification ==
71
72
73 Measure Volume: Base on the centra pin of the probe, a cylinder with 7cm diameter and 10cm height.
74
75 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
76 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:94px" %)**Parameter**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:145px" %)**Soil Moisture**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:135px" %)**Soil Conductivity**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:135px" %)**Soil Temperature**
77 |(% style="width:95px" %)Range|(% style="width:146px" %)0-100.00%|(% style="width:137px" %)(((
78 0-20000uS/cm
79 (25℃)(0-20.0EC)
80 )))|(% style="width:140px" %)-40.00℃~85.00℃
81 |(% style="width:95px" %)Unit|(% style="width:146px" %)V/V %|(% style="width:137px" %)uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)℃
82 |(% style="width:95px" %)Resolution|(% style="width:146px" %)0.01%|(% style="width:137px" %)1 uS/cm|(% style="width:140px" %)0.01℃
83 |(% style="width:95px" %)Accuracy|(% style="width:146px" %)(((
84 ±3% (0-53%)
85 ±5% (>53%)
86 )))|(% style="width:137px" %)2%FS|(% style="width:140px" %)(((
87 -10℃~50℃:<0.3℃
88 All other: <0.6℃
89 )))
90 |(% style="width:95px" %)(((
91 Measure
92 Method
93 )))|(% style="width:146px" %)FDR , with temperature &EC compensate|(% style="width:137px" %)Conductivity , with temperature compensate|(% style="width:140px" %)RTD, and calibrate
94
95 == 1.4 Dimension ==
96
97
98 (% style="color:blue" %)**Main Device Dimension:**
99
100 See LSN50v2 from: [[https:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/ >>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LSN50-LoRaST/Mechanical_Drawing/]]
101
102 [[image:image-20221008140228-2.png||height="358" width="571"]]
103
104
105 (% style="color:blue" %)**Probe Dimension**
106
107 [[image:image-20221008135912-1.png]]
108
109
110 == ​1.5 Applications ==
111
112
113 * Smart Agriculture​
114
115 == 1.6 Firmware Change log ==
116
117
118 **LSE01 v1.0 :**  Release
119
120
121 = 2. Configure LSE01 to connect to LoRaWAN network =
122
123 == 2.1 How it works ==
124
125
126 (((
127 The LSE01 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN network. To connect a local LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LSE0150. It will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
128 )))
129
130 (((
131 In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server, you can [[use AT Commands >>||anchor="H3.200BUsingtheATCommands"]].
132 )))
133
134
135 == 2.2 ​Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ==
136
137
138 Following is an example for how to join the [[TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network>>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]]. Below is the network structure; we use the [[LG308>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora/item/140-lg308.html]] as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
139
140
141 [[image:1654503992078-669.png]]
142
143
144 The LG308 is already set to connected to [[TTN network >>url:https://console.cloud.thethings.network/]], so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
145
146
147 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LSE01.
148
149 Each LSE01 is shipped with a sticker with the default device EUI as below:
150
151 [[image:image-20230426084640-1.png||height="241" width="519"]]
152
153
154 You can enter this key in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN screen shot:
155
156 **Add APP EUI in the application**
157
158
159 [[image:1654504596150-405.png]]
160
161
162
163 **Add APP KEY and DEV EUI**
164
165 [[image:1654504683289-357.png]]
166
167
168
169 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%): Power on LSE01
170
171
172 Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Jumper must be in FLASH position).
173
174 [[image:image-20220606163915-7.png]]
175
176
177 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:** The LSE01 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN and you can see the messages in the panel.
178
179 [[image:1654504778294-788.png]]
180
181
182 == 2.3 Uplink Payload ==
183
184 === 2.3.1 MOD~=0(Default Mode)(% style="display:none" %) (%%) ===
185
186
187 LSE01 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format: 
188
189 (((
190 Uplink payload includes in total 11 bytes.
191 )))
192
193 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
194 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**1**
195 |Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
196 Temperature
197 (Reserve, Ignore now)
198 )))|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]]|[[Soil Temperature>>||anchor="H2.3.5SoilTemperature"]]|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]]|(((
199 MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
200 )))
201
202 === 2.3.2 MOD~=1(Original value) ===
203
204
205 This mode can get the original AD value of moisture and original conductivity (with temperature drift compensation).
206
207 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:500px" %)
208 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**Size(bytes)**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**2**|(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white" %)**1**
209 |Value|[[BAT>>||anchor="H2.3.3BatteryInfo"]]|(((
210 Temperature
211 (Reserve, Ignore now)
212 )))|[[Soil Conductivity (EC)>>||anchor="H2.3.6SoilConductivity28EC29"]](raw)|[[Soil Moisture>>||anchor="H2.3.4SoilMoisture"]](raw)|Dielectric constant(raw)|(((
213 MOD & Digital Interrupt(Optional)
214 )))
215
216 === 2.3.3 Battery Info ===
217
218
219 (((
220 Check the battery voltage for LSE01.
221 )))
222
223 (((
224 Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
225 )))
226
227 (((
228 Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
229 )))
230
231
232 === 2.3.4 Soil Moisture ===
233
234
235 (((
236 Get the moisture content of the soil. The value range of the register is 0-10000(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the percentage of moisture in the soil.
237 )))
238
239 (((
240 For example, if the data you get from the register is **__0x05 0xDC__**, the moisture content in the soil is (% style="color:blue" %)**05DC(H) = 1500(D) /100 = 15%.**
241 )))
242
243
244 === 2.3.5 Soil Temperature ===
245
246
247 (((
248 Get the temperature in the soil. The value range of the register is -4000 - +800(Decimal), divide this value by 100 to get the temperature in the soil. For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x09 0xEC, the temperature content in the soil is
249 )))
250
251 (((
252 **Example**:
253 )))
254
255 (((
256 If payload is 0105H: ((0x0105 & 0x8000)>>15 === 0),temp = 0105(H)/100 = 2.61 °C
257 )))
258
259 (((
260 If payload is FF7EH: ((FF7E & 0x8000)>>15 ===1),temp = (FF7E(H)-FFFF(H))/100 = -1.29 °C
261 )))
262
263
264 === 2.3.6 Soil Conductivity (EC) ===
265
266
267 (((
268 Obtain (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble salt concentration__**(%%) in soil or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__soluble ion concentration in liquid fertilizer__**(%%) or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**__planting medium__**(%%). The value range of the register is 0 - 20000(Decimal)( Can be greater than 20000).
269 )))
270
271 (((
272 For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x00 0xC8, the soil conductivity is 00C8(H) = 200(D) = 200 uS/cm.
273 )))
274
275 (((
276 Generally, the EC value of irrigation water is less than 800uS / cm.
277 )))
278
279 (((
280
281 )))
282
283 === 2.3.7 MOD ===
284
285
286 Firmware version at least v2.1 supports changing mode.
287
288 For example, bytes[10]=90
289
290 mod=(bytes[10]>>7)&0x01=1.
291
292
293 (% style="color:blue" %)**Downlink Command:**
294
295 If payload = 0x0A00, workmode=0
296
297 If** **payload =** **0x0A01, workmode=1
298
299
300 === 2.3.8 ​Decode payload in The Things Network ===
301
302
303 While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
304
305
306 [[image:1654505570700-128.png]]
307
308 (((
309 The payload decoder function for TTN is here:
310 )))
311
312 (((
313 LSE01 TTN Payload Decoder:  [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LSE01>>https://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder/tree/main/LSE01]]
314
315
316 )))
317
318 == 2.4 Uplink Interval ==
319
320
321 The LSE01 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link: [[Change Uplink Interval>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H4.1ChangeUplinkInterval"]]
322
323
324 == 2.5 Downlink Payload ==
325
326
327 By default, LSE01 prints the downlink payload to console port.
328
329 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
330 |=(% style="width: 183px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink Control Type**|=(% style="width: 55px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)FPort|=(% style="width: 93px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Type Code**|=(% style="width: 179px; background-color:#4F81BD;color:white" %)**Downlink payload size(bytes)**
331 |(% style="width:183px" %)TDC (Transmit Time Interval)|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)01|(% style="width:146px" %)4
332 |(% style="width:183px" %)RESET|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)04|(% style="width:146px" %)2
333 |(% style="width:183px" %)AT+CFM|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)05|(% style="width:146px" %)4
334 |(% style="width:183px" %)INTMOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)06|(% style="width:146px" %)4
335 |(% style="width:183px" %)MOD|(% style="width:55px" %)Any|(% style="width:93px" %)0A|(% style="width:146px" %)2
336
337 (((
338 (% style="color:blue" %)**Examples:**
339 )))
340
341 * (((
342 (% style="color:blue" %)**Set TDC**
343 )))
344
345 (((
346 If the payload=0100003C, it means set the END Node's TDC to 0x00003C=60(S), while type code is 01.
347 )))
348
349 (((
350 Payload:    01 00 00 1E    TDC=30S
351 )))
352
353 (((
354 Payload:    01 00 00 3C    TDC=60S
355 )))
356
357 (((
358
359 )))
360
361 * (((
362 (% style="color:blue" %)**Reset**
363 )))
364
365 (((
366 If payload = 0x04FF, it will reset the LSE01
367 )))
368
369
370 * (% style="color:blue" %)**CFM**
371
372 Downlink Payload: 05000001, Set AT+CFM=1 or 05000000 , set AT+CFM=0
373
374
375 == 2.6 ​Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ==
376
377
378 (((
379 [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use [[DATACAKE>>url:https://datacake.co/]] to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
380 )))
381
382 (((
383
384 )))
385
386 (((
387 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 1**(%%):  Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
388 )))
389
390 (((
391 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 2**(%%):  To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
392 )))
393
394
395 [[image:1654505857935-743.png]]
396
397
398 [[image:1654505874829-548.png]]
399
400
401 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 3**(%%)**:**  Create an account or log in Datacake.
402
403 (% style="color:blue" %)**Step 4**(%%)**:**  Search the LSE01 and add DevEUI.
404
405
406 [[image:1654505905236-553.png]]
407
408
409 After added, the sensor data arrive TTN, it will also arrive and show in Mydevices.
410
411 [[image:1654505925508-181.png]]
412
413
414 == 2.7 Frequency Plans ==
415
416
417 The LSE01 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
418
419
420 === 2.7.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ===
421
422
423 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
424
425 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
426
427 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
428
429 868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
430
431 867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
432
433 867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
434
435 867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
436
437 867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
438
439 867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
440
441 868.8 - FSK
442
443
444 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
445
446 Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
447
448 869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
449
450
451 === 2.7.2 US902-928(US915) ===
452
453
454 Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
455
456 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
457
458 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
459
460 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
461
462 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
463
464 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
465
466 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
467
468 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
469
470 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
471
472 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
473
474
475 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
476
477 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
478
479 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
480
481 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
482
483 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
484
485 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
486
487 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
488
489 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
490
491 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
492
493 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
494
495
496 === 2.7.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ===
497
498
499 Used in China, Default use CHE=1
500
501 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
502
503 486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
504
505 486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
506
507 486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
508
509 486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
510
511 487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
512
513 487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
514
515 487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
516
517 487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
518
519
520 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
521
522 506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
523
524 506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
525
526 507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
527
528 507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
529
530 507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
531
532 507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
533
534 507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
535
536 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
537
538 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
539
540
541 === 2.7.4 AU915-928(AU915) ===
542
543
544 Default use CHE=2
545
546 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink:**
547
548 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
549
550 917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
551
552 917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
553
554 917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
555
556 917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
557
558 917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
559
560 918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
561
562 918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
563
564
565 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
566
567 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
568
569 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
570
571 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
572
573 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
574
575 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
576
577 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
578
579 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
580
581 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
582
583 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
584
585
586 === 2.7.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ===
587
588
589 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Default Uplink channel:**
590
591 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
592
593 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
594
595
596 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Additional Uplink Channel**:
597
598 (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
599
600 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AS920~~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore**:
601
602 922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
603
604 922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
605
606 922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
607
608 922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
609
610 923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
611
612 922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
613
614
615 (% style="color:#037691" %)**AS923 ~~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam**:
616
617 923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
618
619 923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
620
621 924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
622
623 924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
624
625 924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
626
627 924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
628
629
630 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Downlink:**
631
632 Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
633
634 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
635
636
637 === 2.7.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ===
638
639
640 Default channel:
641
642 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
643
644 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
645
646 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
647
648
649 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)**
650
651 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
652
653 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
654
655 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
656
657 922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
658
659 922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
660
661 923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
662
663 923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
664
665
666 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Downlink:**
667
668 Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
669
670 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
671
672
673 === 2.7.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ===
674
675
676 (% style="color:#037691" %)** Uplink:**
677
678 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
679
680 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
681
682 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
683
684
685 (% style="color:#037691" %) **Downlink:**
686
687 Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
688
689 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
690
691
692 == 2.8 LED Indicator ==
693
694
695 The LSE01 has an internal LED which is to show the status of different state.
696
697 * Blink once when device power on.
698 * Solid ON for 5 seconds once device successful Join the network.
699 * Blink once when device transmit a packet.
700
701 == 2.9 Installation in Soil ==
702
703
704 **Measurement the soil surface**
705
706 [[image:1654506634463-199.png]] ​
707
708 (((
709 (((
710 Choose the proper measuring position. Avoid the probe to touch rocks or hard things. Split the surface soil according to the measured deep. Keep the measured as original density. Vertical insert the probe into the soil to be measured. Make sure not shake when inserting.
711 )))
712 )))
713
714
715 [[image:1654506665940-119.png]]
716
717 (((
718 Dig a hole with diameter > 20CM.
719 )))
720
721 (((
722 Horizontal insert the probe to the soil and fill the hole for long term measurement.
723 )))
724
725
726 == 2.10 ​Firmware Change Log ==
727
728
729 (((
730 **Firmware download link:  **[[https:~~/~~/www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8ixj7zgt477ip51/AADLrib9Oe6IuOpPF5o1GPf9a?dl=0]]
731 )))
732
733 (((
734 **Firmware Upgrade Method: **[[Firmware Upgrade Instruction>>doc:Main.Firmware Upgrade Instruction for STM32 base products.WebHome]]
735 )))
736
737 (((
738
739 )))
740
741 (((
742 **V1.0.**
743 )))
744
745 (((
746 Release
747 )))
748
749
750 == 2.11 Battery & Power Consumption ==
751
752
753 LSE01 uses ER26500 + SPC1520 battery pack. See below link for detail information about the battery info and how to replace.
754
755 [[**Battery Info & Power Consumption Analyze**>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/How%20to%20calculate%20the%20battery%20life%20of%20Dragino%20sensors%3F/]] .
756
757
758 = 3. ​Using the AT Commands =
759
760 == 3.1 Access AT Commands ==
761
762
763 LSE01 supports AT Command set in the stock firmware. You can use a USB to TTL adapter to connect to LSE01 for using AT command, as below.
764
765
766 [[image:image-20231111095033-3.png||height="591" width="855"]]
767
768
769 Or if you have below board, use below connection:
770
771
772 [[image:image-20231109094023-1.png]]
773
774
775 In the PC, you need to set the serial baud rate to (% style="color:green" %)**9600**(%%) to access the serial console for LSE01. LSE01 will output system info once power on as below:
776
777
778 [[image:1654502050864-459.png||height="564" width="806"]]
779
780
781 Below are the available commands, a more detailed AT Command manual can be found at [[AT Command Manual>>https://www.dropbox.com/sh/qr6vproz4z4kzjz/AAAD48h3OyWrU1hq_Cqm8jIwa?dl=0]].
782
783
784 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>? **(%%) : Help on <CMD>
785
786 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD> **(%%) : Run <CMD>
787
788 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=<value>**(%%)  : Set the value
789
790 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+<CMD>=?**(%%)  : Get the value
791
792
793 (% style="color:#037691" %)**General Commands**(%%)      
794
795 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT**(%%)  : Attention       
796
797 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT?**(%%)  : Short Help     
798
799 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**ATZ**(%%)  : MCU Reset    
800
801 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TDC**(%%)  : Application Data Transmission Interval 
802
803
804 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Keys, IDs and EUIs management**
805
806 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPEUI**(%%)              : Application EUI      
807
808 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPKEY**(%%)              : Application Key     
809
810 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+APPSKEY**(%%)            : Application Session Key
811
812 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DADDR**(%%)              : Device Address     
813
814 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DEUI**(%%)                   : Device EUI     
815
816 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKID**(%%)               : Network ID (You can enter this command change only after successful network connection) 
817
818 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NWKSKEY**(%%)          : Network Session Key Joining and sending date on LoRa network  
819
820 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFM**(%%)  : Confirm Mode       
821
822 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CFS**(%%)                     : Confirm Status       
823
824 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JOIN**(%%)  : Join LoRa? Network       
825
826 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJM**(%%)  : LoRa? Network Join Mode    
827
828 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+NJS**(%%)                     : LoRa? Network Join Status    
829
830 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECV**(%%)                  : Print Last Received Data in Raw Format
831
832 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RECVB**(%%)                : Print Last Received Data in Binary Format      
833
834 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SEND**(%%)                  : Send Text Data      
835
836 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SENB**(%%)                  : Send Hexadecimal Data
837
838
839 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Network Management**
840
841 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ADR**(%%)          : Adaptive Rate
842
843 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CLASS**(%%)  : LoRa Class(Currently only support class A
844
845 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DCS**(%%)  : Duty Cycle Setting 
846
847 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+DR**(%%)  : Data Rate (Can Only be Modified after ADR=0)     
848
849 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCD**(%%)  : Frame Counter Downlink       
850
851 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FCU**(%%)  : Frame Counter Uplink   
852
853 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN1DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay1
854
855 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+JN2DL**(%%)  : Join Accept Delay2
856
857 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PNM**(%%)  : Public Network Mode   
858
859 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX1DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay1      
860
861 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DL**(%%)  : Receive Delay2      
862
863 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2DR**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Data Rate 
864
865 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RX2FQ**(%%)  : Rx2 Window Frequency
866
867 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+TXP**(%%)  : Transmit Power
868
869 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+ MOD**(%%)  : Set work mode
870
871
872 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Information** 
873
874 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+RSSI**(%%)           : RSSI of the Last Received Packet   
875
876 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+SNR**(%%)           : SNR of the Last Received Packet   
877
878 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+VER**(%%)           : Image Version and Frequency Band       
879
880 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+FDR**(%%)           : Factory Data Reset
881
882 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+PORT**(%%)  : Application Port    
883
884 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHS**(%%)  : Get or Set Frequency (Unit: Hz) for Single Channel Mode
885
886 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)**AT+CHE**(%%)  : Get or Set eight channels mode, Only for US915, AU915, CN470
887
888
889 = ​4. FAQ =
890
891 == 4.1 ​How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ==
892
893
894 (((
895 You can follow the instructions for [[how to upgrade image>>||anchor="H2.10200BFirmwareChangeLog"]].
896 When downloading the images, choose the required image file for download. ​
897 )))
898
899 (((
900 How to set up LSE01 to work in 8 channel mode By default, the frequency bands US915, AU915, CN470 work in 72 frequencies. Many gateways are 8 channel gateways, and in this case, the OTAA join time and uplink schedule is long and unpredictable while the end node is hopping in 72 frequencies.
901 )))
902
903 (((
904 You can configure the end node to work in 8 channel mode by using the AT+CHE command. The 500kHz channels are always included for OTAA.
905 )))
906
907 (((
908
909 )))
910
911 (((
912 For example, in **US915** band, the frequency table is as below. By default, the end node will use all channels (0~~71) for OTAA Join process. After the OTAA Join, the end node will use these all channels (0~~71) to send uplink packets.
913
914 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
915 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:45px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:465px" %)**US915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
916 |(% style="width:47px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:542px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
917 |(% style="width:47px" %)1|(% style="width:54px" %)902.3|(% style="width:53px" %)902.5|(% style="width:55px" %)902.7|(% style="width:53px" %)902.9|(% style="width:49px" %)903.1|(% style="width:52px" %)903.3|(% style="width:51px" %)903.5|(% style="width:51px" %)903.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
918 |(% style="width:47px" %)2|(% style="width:54px" %)903.9|(% style="width:53px" %)904.1|(% style="width:55px" %)904.3|(% style="width:53px" %)904.5|(% style="width:49px" %)904.7|(% style="width:52px" %)904.9|(% style="width:51px" %)905.1|(% style="width:51px" %)905.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
919 |(% style="width:47px" %)3|(% style="width:54px" %)905.5|(% style="width:53px" %)905.7|(% style="width:55px" %)905.9|(% style="width:53px" %)906.1|(% style="width:49px" %)906.3|(% style="width:52px" %)906.5|(% style="width:51px" %)906.7|(% style="width:51px" %)906.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
920 |(% style="width:47px" %)4|(% style="width:54px" %)907.1|(% style="width:53px" %)907.3|(% style="width:55px" %)907.5|(% style="width:53px" %)907.7|(% style="width:49px" %)907.9|(% style="width:52px" %)908.1|(% style="width:51px" %)908.3|(% style="width:51px" %)908.5|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
921 |(% style="width:47px" %)5|(% style="width:54px" %)908.7|(% style="width:53px" %)908.9|(% style="width:55px" %)909.1|(% style="width:53px" %)909.3|(% style="width:49px" %)909.5|(% style="width:52px" %)909.7|(% style="width:51px" %)909.9|(% style="width:51px" %)910.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
922 |(% style="width:47px" %)6|(% style="width:54px" %)910.3|(% style="width:53px" %)910.5|(% style="width:55px" %)910.7|(% style="width:53px" %)910.9|(% style="width:49px" %)911.1|(% style="width:52px" %)911.3|(% style="width:51px" %)911.5|(% style="width:51px" %)911.7|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
923 |(% style="width:47px" %)7|(% style="width:54px" %)911.9|(% style="width:53px" %)912.1|(% style="width:55px" %)912.3|(% style="width:53px" %)912.5|(% style="width:49px" %)912.7|(% style="width:52px" %)912.9|(% style="width:51px" %)913.1|(% style="width:51px" %)913.3|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
924 |(% style="width:47px" %)8|(% style="width:54px" %)913.5|(% style="width:53px" %)913.7|(% style="width:55px" %)913.9|(% style="width:53px" %)914.1|(% style="width:49px" %)914.3|(% style="width:52px" %)914.5|(% style="width:51px" %)914.7|(% style="width:51px" %)914.9|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
925 |(% colspan="10" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:589px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
926 |(% style="width:47px" %) |(% style="width:54px" %)903|(% style="width:53px" %)904.6|(% style="width:55px" %)906.2|(% style="width:53px" %)907.8|(% style="width:49px" %)909.4|(% style="width:52px" %)911|(% style="width:51px" %)912.6|(% style="width:51px" %)914.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
927 )))
928
929
930 When you use the TTN network, the US915 frequency bands use are:
931
932 * 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
933 * 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
934 * 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
935 * 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
936 * 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
937 * 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
938 * 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
939 * 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
940 * 904.6 - SF8BW500
941
942 (((
943 Because the end node is now hopping in 72 frequency, it makes it difficult for the devices to Join the TTN network and uplink data. To solve this issue, you can access the device via the AT commands and run:
944
945 * (% style="color:#037691" %)**AT+CHE=2**
946 * (% style="color:#037691" %)**ATZ**
947 )))
948
949 (((
950
951
952 to set the end node to work in 8 channel mode. The device will work in Channel 8-15 & 64-71 for OTAA, and channel 8-15 for Uplink.
953 )))
954
955 (((
956
957 )))
958
959 (((
960 The **AU915** band is similar. Below are the AU915 Uplink Channels.
961
962 (% border="1" cellspacing="3" style="background-color:#f2f2f2; width:510px" %)
963 |(% style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:45px" %)**CHE**|(% colspan="9" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:465px" %)**AU915 Uplink Channels(125KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
964 |(% style="width:45px" %)0|(% colspan="9" style="width:540px" %)ENABLE Channel 0-63
965 |(% style="width:45px" %)1|(% style="width:51px" %)915.2|(% style="width:51px" %)915.4|(% style="width:51px" %)915.6|(% style="width:52px" %)915.8|(% style="width:51px" %)916|(% style="width:51px" %)916.2|(% style="width:53px" %)916.4|(% style="width:51px" %)916.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 0-7
966 |(% style="width:45px" %)2|(% style="width:51px" %)916.8|(% style="width:51px" %)917|(% style="width:51px" %)917.2|(% style="width:52px" %)917.4|(% style="width:51px" %)917.6|(% style="width:51px" %)917.8|(% style="width:53px" %)918|(% style="width:51px" %)918.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 8-15
967 |(% style="width:45px" %)3|(% style="width:51px" %)918.4|(% style="width:51px" %)918.6|(% style="width:51px" %)918.8|(% style="width:52px" %)919|(% style="width:51px" %)919.2|(% style="width:51px" %)919.4|(% style="width:53px" %)919.6|(% style="width:51px" %)919.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 16-23
968 |(% style="width:45px" %)4|(% style="width:51px" %)920|(% style="width:51px" %)920.2|(% style="width:51px" %)920.4|(% style="width:52px" %)920.6|(% style="width:51px" %)920.8|(% style="width:51px" %)921|(% style="width:53px" %)921.2|(% style="width:51px" %)921.4|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 24-31
969 |(% style="width:45px" %)5|(% style="width:51px" %)921.6|(% style="width:51px" %)921.8|(% style="width:51px" %)922|(% style="width:52px" %)922.2|(% style="width:51px" %)922.4|(% style="width:51px" %)922.6|(% style="width:53px" %)922.8|(% style="width:51px" %)923|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 32-39
970 |(% style="width:45px" %)6|(% style="width:51px" %)923.2|(% style="width:51px" %)923.4|(% style="width:51px" %)923.6|(% style="width:52px" %)923.8|(% style="width:51px" %)924|(% style="width:51px" %)924.2|(% style="width:53px" %)924.4|(% style="width:51px" %)924.6|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 40-47
971 |(% style="width:45px" %)7|(% style="width:51px" %)924.8|(% style="width:51px" %)925|(% style="width:51px" %)925.2|(% style="width:52px" %)925.4|(% style="width:51px" %)925.6|(% style="width:51px" %)925.8|(% style="width:53px" %)926|(% style="width:51px" %)926.2|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 48-55
972 |(% style="width:45px" %)8|(% style="width:51px" %)926.4|(% style="width:51px" %)926.6|(% style="width:51px" %)926.8|(% style="width:52px" %)927|(% style="width:51px" %)927.2|(% style="width:51px" %)927.4|(% style="width:53px" %)927.6|(% style="width:51px" %)927.8|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 56-63
973 |(% colspan="10" style="background-color:#4f81bd; color:white; width:586px" %)**Channels(500KHz,4/5,Unit:MHz,CHS=0)**
974 |(% style="width:45px" %) |(% style="width:51px" %)915.9|(% style="width:51px" %)917.5|(% style="width:51px" %)919.1|(% style="width:52px" %)920.7|(% style="width:51px" %)922.3|(% style="width:51px" %)923.9|(% style="width:53px" %)925.5|(% style="width:51px" %)927.1|(% style="width:115px" %)Channel 64-71
975 )))
976
977
978
979 == 4.2 ​Can I calibrate LSE01 to different soil types? ==
980
981
982 (((
983 LSE01 is calibrated for saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. If users want to use it for other soil, they can calibrate the value in the IoT platform base on the value measured by saline-alkali soil and loamy soil. The formula can be found at [[this link>>https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/LSE01/Calibrate_to_other_Soil_20230522.pdf]].
984 )))
985
986
987 = 5. Trouble Shooting =
988
989 == 5.1 ​Why I can't join TTN in US915 / AU915 bands? ==
990
991
992 It is due to channel mapping. Please see the [[Eight Channel Mode>>doc:Main.End Device AT Commands and Downlink Command.WebHome||anchor="H7.19EightChannelMode"]] section above for details.
993
994
995 == 5.2 AT Command input doesn't work ==
996
997
998 (((
999 In the case if user can see the console output but can't type input to the device. Please check if you already include the (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while sending out the command. Some serial tool doesn't send (% style="color:green" %)**ENTER**(%%) while press the send key, user need to add ENTER in their string.
1000 )))
1001
1002
1003 == 5.3 Device rejoin in at the second uplink packet ==
1004
1005
1006 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Issue describe as below:**
1007
1008 [[image:1654500909990-784.png]]
1009
1010
1011 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Cause for this issue:**
1012
1013 (((
1014 The fuse on LSE01 is not large enough, some of the soil probe require large current up to 5v 800mA, in a short pulse. When this happen, it cause the device reboot so user see rejoin.
1015 )))
1016
1017
1018 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Solution: **
1019
1020 (((
1021 All new shipped LSE01 after 2020-May-30 will have this to fix. For the customer who see this issue, please bypass the fuse as below:
1022 )))
1023
1024 [[image:1654500929571-736.png||height="458" width="832"]]
1025
1026
1027 = 6. ​Order Info =
1028
1029
1030 Part Number**:** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LSE01-XX-YY**
1031
1032
1033 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**XX**(%%)**:** The default frequency band
1034
1035 * (% style="color:red" %)**AS923**(%%): LoRaWAN AS923 band
1036 * (% style="color:red" %)**AU915**(%%): LoRaWAN AU915 band
1037 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU433**(%%): LoRaWAN EU433 band
1038 * (% style="color:red" %)**EU868**(%%): LoRaWAN EU868 band
1039 * (% style="color:red" %)**KR920**(%%): LoRaWAN KR920 band
1040 * (% style="color:red" %)**US915**(%%): LoRaWAN US915 band
1041 * (% style="color:red" %)**IN865**(%%):  LoRaWAN IN865 band
1042 * (% style="color:red" %)**CN470**(%%): LoRaWAN CN470 band
1043
1044 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**YY**(%%)**: **Battery Option
1045
1046 * (% style="color:red" %)**4**(%%): 4000mAh battery
1047 * (% style="color:red" %)**8**(%%): 8500mAh battery
1048
1049 (% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
1050 (((
1051
1052
1053
1054 )))
1055
1056 = 7. Packing Info =
1057
1058 (((
1059
1060
1061 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Package Includes**:
1062 )))
1063
1064 * (((
1065 LSE01 LoRaWAN Soil Moisture & EC Sensor x 1
1066 )))
1067
1068 (((
1069
1070
1071 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Dimension and weight**:
1072 )))
1073
1074 * (((
1075 Device Size: cm
1076 )))
1077 * (((
1078 Device Weight: g
1079 )))
1080 * (((
1081 Package Size / pcs : cm
1082 )))
1083 * (((
1084 Weight / pcs : g
1085
1086
1087
1088 )))
1089
1090 = 8. Support =
1091
1092
1093 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8. Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before-mentioned schedule.
1094
1095 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to [[support@dragino.com>>url:http://../../../../../../D:%5C%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%5C%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%A6%5CLoRa%5CLT%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%5Csupport@dragino.com]]
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