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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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6
7 **Table of Contents:**
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20
21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108 == 1.3  Features ==
109
110 * Open Source OpenWrt system
111 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
112 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
113 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
114 * LoRaWAN Gateway
115 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
116 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
117 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
118 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
119 * Support different level log in.
120 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
121 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
122 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
123
124
125
126 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
127
128 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
129
130
131 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
132
133 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
134
135
136 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
137
138
139 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
140
141 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
142 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
143 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
144 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
145 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
146 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
147
148 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
149
150 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
151
152 (((
153 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
154 )))
155
156
157 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
158
159 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
160
161 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
162
163
164 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
165
166 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
167
168
169 (((
170 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
171
172
173
174 )))
175
176 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
177
178 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
183
184
185
186 )))
187
188 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
189
190 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
191
192
193 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
194
195
196
197 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
198
199 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
200
201
202
203 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
204
205 **Web Interface**
206
207 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
208
209 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
210
211 or
212
213 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
214
215
216 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
217
218 The account details for Web Login are:
219
220 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
221
222 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
223
224 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
225
226
227
228 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
229
230 == 3.1  Overview ==
231
232 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
233
234 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
235 * **WiFi Client Mode**
236 * **WiFi AP Mode**
237
238
239
240 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
241
242 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
243
244
245 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
246
247
248 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
249
250 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
251
252 (((
253 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
254
255 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
256 )))
257
258
259 (((
260 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
261
262
263 )))
264
265 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
266
267 (((
268 (((
269 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
270 )))
271
272
273 (((
274 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
275 )))
276
277 (((
278 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
279 )))
280 )))
281
282
283 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
284
285 (((
286
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
295 )))
296
297 (((
298 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
299 )))
300
301
302 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
303
304 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
305
306 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
307 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
308 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
309
310 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
311
312
313
314 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
315
316 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
317
318 (((
319 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
320 )))
321
322 (((
323 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
324 )))
325
326
327
328 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
329
330 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
331
332 (((
333 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
334 )))
335
336 (((
337 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
338 )))
339
340 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
341
342
343 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
344
345 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
346
347 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
348
349
350 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
351
352 (((
353 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
354 )))
355
356 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
357
358
359 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
361 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
362 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
363
364
365
366 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
367
368 [[image:1657091941182-367.png]]
369
370 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
371
372
373 Open the following page:
374
375
376 [[image:image-20220706155323-5.png||height="579" width="1060"]]
377
378
379 [[image:image-20220706155323-6.png||height="582" width="1066"]]
380
381
382 (((
383 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
384 )))
385
386 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
387
388 [[image:1657094130908-567.png]](% style="display:none" %)
389
390
391 == 4.2  Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
392
393 (((
394 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
395 )))
396
397 (((
398 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
399 )))
400
401 (((
402 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
403 )))
404
405 [[image:1657094183213-301.png]]
406
407 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
408
409
410 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
411
412 [[image:1657094202420-798.png]]
413
414
415 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
416
417 [[image:1657094221515-510.png]]
418
419
420 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
421
422 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
423
424 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
425
426
427 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
428
429 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
430
431 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
432
433 (((
434 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
435 )))
436
437 (((
438 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
439 )))
440
441 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
442
443 (((
444 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
445 )))
446
447 (((
448 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
449 )))
450
451 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
452 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
453 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
454
455 (((
456 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
457 )))
458
459 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
460
461 (((
462 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
463 )))
464
465 (((
466 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
467 )))
468
469 (((
470 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
471 )))
472
473 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
474
475 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
476
477 Start Register the end device
478
479 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
480
481 (((
482 Select OTAA activation mode
483 )))
484
485 (((
486 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
487 )))
488
489 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
490
491 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
492
493 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
494
495 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
496
497 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
498
499 (((
500 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
501 )))
502
503 (((
504 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
505 )))
506
507 (((
508 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
509 )))
510
511 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
512
513 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
514
515 == 5.1 Home ==
516
517 Shows the system running status.
518
519 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
520
521 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
522
523 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
524
525 (((
526 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
527 )))
528
529 (((
530 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
531 )))
532
533 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
534 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
535
536 (((
537 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
538 )))
539
540 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
541
542 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
543
544
545 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
546
547 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
548
549 * No internet connection.
550 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
551
552 (((
553 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
554 )))
555
556 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
557
558 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
559
560 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
561
562 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
563
564 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
565
566 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
567
568 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
569
570 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
571
572 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
573
574 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
575
576 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
577
578 (((
579 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
580 )))
581
582 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
583
584 (((
585 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
586 )))
587
588 (((
589 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
590 )))
591
592 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
593
594 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
595
596 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
597
598 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
599
600
601 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
602
603 == 5.5 System ==
604
605 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
606
607 Shows the system info:
608
609 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
610
611 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
612
613 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
614
615 (((
616 **__System Password:__**
617 )))
618
619 (((
620 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
621 )))
622
623 (((
624 This page can be used to set the password for them.
625 )))
626
627 (((
628 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
629 )))
630
631 (((
632 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
633 )))
634
635 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
636
637 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
638
639 (((
640 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
641 )))
642
643 (((
644 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
645 )))
646
647 (((
648 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
649
650
651 )))
652
653 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
654
655 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
656
657 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
658
659 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
660
661 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
662
663 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
664
665 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
666
667 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
668
669 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
670
671 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
672
673 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
674
675 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
676
677 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
678
679 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
680
681 Please see this document for detail:
682
683 (((
684 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
685 )))
686
687
688 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
689
690 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
691
692
693 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
694
695 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
696
697 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
698
699 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
700
701 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
702
703 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
704
705 (((
706 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
707 )))
708
709 (((
710 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
711 )))
712
713 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
714
715 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
716
717 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
718
719 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
720
721 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
722
723 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
724
725 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
726
727 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
728
729 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
730
731 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
732
733 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
734
735 (((
736
737 )))
738
739 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
740
741 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
742
743 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
744
745 == 5.6 LogRead ==
746
747 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
748
749
750 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
751
752 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
753
754
755 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
756
757 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
758
759 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
760
761
762 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
763
764 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
765
766
767 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
768
769 Show the system log
770
771 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
772
773 = 6. More features =
774
775 == 6.1 More instructions ==
776
777 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
778
779
780 = 7. Linux System =
781
782 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
783
784 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
785
786 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
787
788 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
789
790 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
791
792 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
793
794 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
795
796 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
797
798 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
799
800 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
801
802 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
803
804
805 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
806
807 (((
808 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
809 )))
810
811 (((
812 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
813 )))
814
815 (((
816 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
817 )))
818
819 (((
820 Screenshot is as below:
821 )))
822
823 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
824
825
826 == 7.3 File System ==
827
828 (((
829 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
830 )))
831
832 (((
833 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
834 )))
835
836 (((
837 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
838 )))
839
840
841 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
842
843 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
844
845 (((
846 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 **In Linux Console run:**
851 )))
852
853 (((
854 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
855 )))
856
857 (((
858 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
859 )))
860
861 (((
862 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
863 )))
864
865 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
866
867
868 (((
869 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
870 )))
871
872 (((
873 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
874 )))
875
876 (((
877 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
878 )))
879
880 (((
881 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
882 )))
883
884 (((
885 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
886 )))
887
888 (((
889 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
890 )))
891
892 (((
893 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
894 )))
895
896 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
897
898
899 = 9. FAQ =
900
901 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
902
903 (((
904 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
905 )))
906
907 (((
908
909 )))
910
911 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
912
913 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
914
915
916 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
917
918 (((
919 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
920 )))
921
922 (((
923 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
924 )))
925
926
927 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
928
929 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
930
931
932 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
933
934 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
935
936 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
937
938 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
939
940 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
941
942 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
943
944 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
945
946 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
947
948 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
949
950 (((
951 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
952 )))
953
954 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
955
956
957 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
958
959 (((
960 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
961 )))
962
963 (((
964
965 )))
966
967 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
968
969 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
970
971 (((
972 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
973 )))
974
975 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
976
977
978 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
979
980 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
981
982 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
983 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
984 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
985
986 As below photo:
987
988 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
989
990 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
991
992 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
993
994
995 = 11. Order Info =
996
997 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
998
999 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1000
1001 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1002 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1003
1004 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1005
1006 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1007 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1008 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1009 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1010
1011 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1012
1013
1014 = 12. Packing Info =
1015
1016 (((
1017 **Package Includes**:
1018 )))
1019
1020 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1021 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1022 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1023
1024 (((
1025 **Dimension and weight**:
1026 )))
1027
1028 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1029 * Weight: 187g
1030 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1031 * Weight: 300g
1032
1033 = 13. Support =
1034
1035 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1036 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1037 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1038 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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