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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1656917428377-954.png||height="475" width="475"]]
3
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6
7 **Table of Contents:**
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20
21 (% style="color:inherit; font-family:inherit; font-size:29px" %)1.  Introduction
22
23 == 1.1  What is the LPS8N ==
24
25
26
27 (((
28 The LPS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**open source LoRaWAN Indoor Gateway**(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular network. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
29 )))
30
31 (((
32 The LPS8N uses (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder**(%%) & (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**(%%) and fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator**(%%), which provides 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths.
33 )))
34
35 (((
36 LPS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands**(%%) to use for different countries. User can also (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**customized the frequency bands** (%%)to use in their own LoRa network.
37 )))
38
39 (((
40 LPS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
41 )))
42
43 (((
44
45 )))
46
47 [[image:1656918270059-192.png]]
48
49
50 == 1.2  Specifications ==
51
52
53 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
54
55 (((
56 Linux Part:
57 )))
58
59 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
60 * 64MB RAM
61 * 16MB Flash
62
63 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
64
65 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
66 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
67 * LoRaWAN Wireless
68 * Power Input: 5V DC, 2A, Type C
69 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
70 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
71 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
72
73 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
74
75 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
76 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
77 * Tx power:
78 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
79 ** 11b tx power: 18db
80 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
81 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
82 * Wifi Sensitivity
83 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
84 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
85
86 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
87
88 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity
89 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
90 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
91 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
92 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
93 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
94 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
95 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
96
97 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
98
99 * Quectel [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
100 * Micro SIM Slot
101 * External 4G Sticker Antenna.
102 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
103 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
104 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
105
106
107
108 == 1.3  Features ==
109
110 * Open Source OpenWrt system
111 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via WAN or WiFi
112 * Remote access with Reverse-SSH or remote.it
113 * Emulates 49x LoRa demodulators
114 * LoRaWAN Gateway
115 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
116 * Pre-configure to support different LoRaWAN regional settings.
117 * Allow to customize LoRaWAN regional parameters.
118 * Support Local decode ABP end node info and transfer to MQTT server
119 * Support different level log in.
120 * Support Semtech Packet Forwarder
121 * Support LoRaWAN basic station.
122 * Optional 3G/4G cellular connection
123
124
125
126 == 1.4  Hardware System Structure ==
127
128 [[image:1657079015096-949.png]]
129
130
131 == 1.5  LPS8N Applications ==
132
133 [[image:1657079055940-721.png]]
134
135
136 == 1.6  LED Indicators ==
137
138
139 LPS8N has totally four LEDs, They are:
140
141 * **Power LED **[[image:image-20220706115518-1.png||height="15" width="16"]] : This (% style="color:red" %)**RED LED**(%%) will be **solid on** if the device is properly powered.
142 * **LoRa LED   **[[image:image-20220706115518-2.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This **RGB LED** will** (% style="color:green" %)blink GREEN(%%)** when LoRaWAN module starts or transmit a packet.
143 * **SYS LED    ** [[image:image-20220706115518-3.png||height="16" width="16"]] : This **RGB LED** will shows different colors on different state:
144 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**SOLID BLUE**(%%): Device is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
145 ** (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%): a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or  b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) for several seconds and then with (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%) and (% style="color:blue" %)**BLINKING BLUE**(%%) together
146 ** (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**(%%): Device doesn't have Internet connection.
147
148 * **ETH LED    **[[image:image-20220706115518-4.png||height="15" width="17"]] :  This LED shows the ETH interface connection status.
149
150 = 2.  Access and Configure LPS8N =
151
152 (((
153 The LPS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by factory default. You can access and configure the LPS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its WAN Ethernet port.
154 )))
155
156
157 == 2.1  Find IP address of LPS8N ==
158
159 === 2.1.1  Connect via WiFi ===
160
161 [[image:1657085974260-168.png]]
162
163
164 At the first boot of LPS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password: (% style="background-color:yellow" %)dragino+dragino
165
166 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
167
168
169 (((
170 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
171
172
173
174 )))
175
176 === 2.1.2  Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
177
178 [[image:1657086105922-299.png]]
179
180
181 (((
182 Alternatively, connect the LPS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the LPS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
183
184
185
186 )))
187
188 === 2.1.3  Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
189
190 [[image:1657086192720-649.png]]
191
192
193 If the LPS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to LPS8N.
194
195
196
197 === 2.1.4  Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
198
199 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3A0IconfiguredLPS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
200
201
202
203 == 2.2  Access Configure Web UI ==
204
205 **Web Interface**
206
207 Open a browser on the PC and type the LPS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
208
209 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
210
211 or
212
213 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
214
215
216 You will see the login interface of LPS8N as shown below.
217
218 The account details for Web Login are:
219
220 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
221
222 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
223
224 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
225
226
227
228 = 3.  Typical Network Setup =
229
230 == 3.1  Overview ==
231
232 The LPS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
233
234 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
235 * **WiFi Client Mode**
236 * **WiFi AP Mode**
237
238
239
240 == 3.2  Use WAN port to access Internet ==
241
242 By default, the LPS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the LPS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, LPS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
243
244
245 [[image:1657088560833-398.png]]
246
247
248 == 3.3  Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
249
250 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
251
252 (((
253 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
254
255 [[image:1657088818095-182.png]]
256 )))
257
258
259 (((
260 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
261
262
263 )))
264
265 == 3.4  Use built-in 4G modem for internet access ==
266
267 (((
268 (((
269 If the LPS8N has 3G/4G Cellular modem, user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
270 )))
271
272
273 (((
274 First, install the Micro SIM card as below direction
275 )))
276
277 (((
278 Second, Power off/ ON LPS8N to let it detect the SIM card.
279 )))
280 )))
281
282
283 [[image:1657090855037-497.png]]
284
285 (((
286
287 )))
288
289 (((
290 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
291 )))
292
293 (((
294 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
295 )))
296
297 (((
298 [[image:1657090932270-444.png]]
299 )))
300
301
302 == 3.5  Check Internet connection ==
303
304 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
305
306 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
307 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
308 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
309
310 [[image:1657091099235-452.png]]
311
312
313
314 = 4.  Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
315
316 LPS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
317
318 (((
319 [[image:1657091257648-882.png]]
320 )))
321
322 (((
323 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with (TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
324 )))
325
326
327
328 == 4.1  Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
329
330 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
331
332 (((
333 Every LPS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
334 )))
335
336 (((
337 [[image:1657091583941-544.png]]
338 )))
339
340 The example gateway id is: (% style="color:green" %)**a840411e96744154**
341
342
343 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
344
345 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
346
347 [[image:1657091739530-531.png]]
348
349
350 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
351
352 (((
353 [[image:1657091719947-297.png]]
354 )))
355
356 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
357
358
359 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
360 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
361 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
362 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
363
364
365
366 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
367
368
369 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
370
371
372 Open the following page:
373
374 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
375
376 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
377
378 (((
379 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
380 )))
381
382 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
383
384 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
385
386 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
387
388 (((
389 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
390 )))
391
392 (((
393 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
394 )))
395
396 (((
397 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
398 )))
399
400 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
401
402 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
403
404 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
405
406 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
407
408 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
409
410 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
411
412 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
413
414 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
415
416 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
417
418
419 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
420
421 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
422
423 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
424
425 (((
426 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
427 )))
428
429 (((
430 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
431 )))
432
433 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
434
435 (((
436 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
437 )))
438
439 (((
440 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
441 )))
442
443 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
444 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
445 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
446
447 (((
448 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
449 )))
450
451 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
452
453 (((
454 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
455 )))
456
457 (((
458 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
459 )))
460
461 (((
462 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
463 )))
464
465 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
466
467 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
468
469 Start Register the end device
470
471 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
472
473 (((
474 Select OTAA activation mode
475 )))
476
477 (((
478 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
479 )))
480
481 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
482
483 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
484
485 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
486
487 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
488
489 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
490
491 (((
492 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
493 )))
494
495 (((
496 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
497 )))
498
499 (((
500 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
501 )))
502
503 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
504
505 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
506
507 == 5.1 Home ==
508
509 Shows the system running status.
510
511 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
512
513 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
514
515 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
516
517 (((
518 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
519 )))
520
521 (((
522 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
523 )))
524
525 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
526 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
527
528 (((
529 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
530 )))
531
532 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
533
534 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
535
536
537 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
538
539 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
540
541 * No internet connection.
542 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
543
544 (((
545 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
546 )))
547
548 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
549
550 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
551
552 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
553
554 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
555
556 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
557
558 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
559
560 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
561
562 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
563
564 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
565
566 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
567
568 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
569
570 (((
571 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
572 )))
573
574 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
575
576 (((
577 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
578 )))
579
580 (((
581 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
582 )))
583
584 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
585
586 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
587
588 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
589
590 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
591
592
593 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
594
595 == 5.5 System ==
596
597 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
598
599 Shows the system info:
600
601 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
602
603 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
604
605 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
606
607 (((
608 **__System Password:__**
609 )))
610
611 (((
612 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 This page can be used to set the password for them.
617 )))
618
619 (((
620 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
621 )))
622
623 (((
624 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
625 )))
626
627 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
628
629 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
630
631 (((
632 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
633 )))
634
635 (((
636 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
637 )))
638
639 (((
640 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
641
642
643 )))
644
645 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
646
647 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
648
649 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
650
651 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
652
653 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
654
655 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
656
657 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
658
659 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
660
661 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
662
663 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
664
665 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
666
667 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
668
669 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
670
671 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
672
673 Please see this document for detail:
674
675 (((
676 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
677 )))
678
679
680 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
681
682 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
683
684
685 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
686
687 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
688
689 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
690
691 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
692
693 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
694
695 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
696
697 (((
698 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
699 )))
700
701 (((
702 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
703 )))
704
705 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
706
707 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
708
709 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
710
711 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
712
713 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
714
715 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
716
717 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
718
719 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
720
721 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
722
723 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
724
725 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
726
727 (((
728
729 )))
730
731 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
732
733 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
734
735 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
736
737 == 5.6 LogRead ==
738
739 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
740
741
742 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
743
744 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
745
746
747 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
748
749 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
750
751 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
752
753
754 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
755
756 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
757
758
759 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
760
761 Show the system log
762
763 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
764
765 = 6. More features =
766
767 == 6.1 More instructions ==
768
769 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
770
771
772 = 7. Linux System =
773
774 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
775
776 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
777
778 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
779
780 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
781
782 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
783
784 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
785
786 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
787
788 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
789
790 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
791
792 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
793
794 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
795
796
797 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
798
799 (((
800 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
801 )))
802
803 (((
804 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
805 )))
806
807 (((
808 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
809 )))
810
811 (((
812 Screenshot is as below:
813 )))
814
815 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
816
817
818 == 7.3 File System ==
819
820 (((
821 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
822 )))
823
824 (((
825 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
830 )))
831
832
833 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
834
835 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
836
837 (((
838 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
839 )))
840
841 (((
842 **In Linux Console run:**
843 )))
844
845 (((
846 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
851 )))
852
853 (((
854 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
855 )))
856
857 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
858
859
860 (((
861 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
862 )))
863
864 (((
865 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
866 )))
867
868 (((
869 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
870 )))
871
872 (((
873 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
874 )))
875
876 (((
877 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
878 )))
879
880 (((
881 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
882 )))
883
884 (((
885 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
886 )))
887
888 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
889
890
891 = 9. FAQ =
892
893 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
894
895 (((
896 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
897 )))
898
899 (((
900
901 )))
902
903 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
904
905 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
906
907
908 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
909
910 (((
911 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
912 )))
913
914 (((
915 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
916 )))
917
918
919 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
920
921 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
922
923
924 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
925
926 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
927
928 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
929
930 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
931
932 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
933
934 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
935
936 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
937
938 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
939
940 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
941
942 (((
943 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
944 )))
945
946 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
947
948
949 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
950
951 (((
952 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
953 )))
954
955 (((
956
957 )))
958
959 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
960
961 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
962
963 (((
964 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
965 )))
966
967 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
968
969
970 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
971
972 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
973
974 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
975 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
976 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
977
978 As below photo:
979
980 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
981
982 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
983
984 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
985
986
987 = 11. Order Info =
988
989 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
990
991 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
992
993 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
994 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
995
996 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
997
998 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
999 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1000 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1001 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1002
1003 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1004
1005
1006 = 12. Packing Info =
1007
1008 (((
1009 **Package Includes**:
1010 )))
1011
1012 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1013 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1014 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1015
1016 (((
1017 **Dimension and weight**:
1018 )))
1019
1020 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
1021 * Weight: 187g
1022 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
1023 * Weight: 300g
1024
1025 = 13. Support =
1026
1027 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1028 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1029 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1030 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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