DLOS8N - DRAGINO

[[1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 5>>path:#_Toc100412763]]

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[[1.1 What is the DLOS8N................................................................................................................................. 5>>path:#_Toc100412764]]

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[[1.2 Specifications............................................................................................................................................ 7>>path:#_Toc100412765]]

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[[1.3 Features..................................................................................................................................................... 8>>path:#_Toc100412766]]

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[[1.4 Hardware System Structure.................................................................................................................... 9>>path:#_Toc100412767]]

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[[1.5 DLOS8N Applications............................................................................................................................. 10>>path:#_Toc100412768]]

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[[1.6 LED Indicators......................................................................................................................................... 10>>path:#_Toc100412769]]

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[[1.7 WiFi Direction......................................................................................................................................... 11>>path:#_Toc100412770]]

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[[2 Access and Configure DLOS8N..................................................................................... 11>>path:#_Toc100412771]]

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[[2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N................................................................................................................... 11>>path:#_Toc100412772]]

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[[2.1.1 Connect via WiFi.......................................................................................................................... 11>>path:#_Toc100412773]]

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[[2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router................................................................... 12>>path:#_Toc100412774]]

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[[2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router........................................................................... 12>>path:#_Toc100412775]]

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[[2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip..................................................................................... 12>>path:#_Toc100412776]]

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[[2.2 Access Configure Web UI...................................................................................................................... 13>>path:#_Toc100412777]]

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[[3 Typical Network Setup............................................................................................... 14>>path:#_Toc100412778]]

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[[3.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................................. 14>>path:#_Toc100412779]]

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[[3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet......................................................................................................... 14>>path:#_Toc100412780]]

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[[3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client.................................................................................................... 15>>path:#_Toc100412781]]

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[[3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular............................................................................................................ 15>>path:#_Toc100412782]]

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[[3.5 Check Internet connection.................................................................................................................... 16>>path:#_Toc100412783]]

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[[4 Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway.................................................................. 18>>path:#_Toc100412784]]

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[[4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server.................................................................................................... 19>>path:#_Toc100412785]]

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[[4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3............................................................................................ 22>>path:#_Toc100412786]]

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[[4.3 Configure frequency.............................................................................................................................. 24>>path:#_Toc100412787]]

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[[4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device................................................................................................................. 25>>path:#_Toc100412788]]

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[[5 Web Configure Pages................................................................................................. 29>>path:#_Toc100412789]]

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[[5.1 Home........................................................................................................................................................ 29>>path:#_Toc100412790]]

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[[5.2 LoRa Settings.......................................................................................................................................... 30>>path:#_Toc100412791]]

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[[5.2.1 LoRa ~~-~~-~> LoRa................................................................................................................................ 30>>path:#_Toc100412792]]

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[[5.2.2 LoRa ~~-~~-~> ABP Decryption............................................................................................................ 31>>path:#_Toc100412793]]

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[[5.3 LoRaWAN Settings................................................................................................................................. 32>>path:#_Toc100412794]]

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[[5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~~-~~-~> LoRaWAN............................................................................................................. 32>>path:#_Toc100412795]]

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[[5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~~-~~-~> Amazon AWS-IoT................................................................................................ 32>>path:#_Toc100412796]]

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[[5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~~-~~-~> LORIOT.................................................................................................................. 33>>path:#_Toc100412797]]

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[[5.4 MQTT Settings........................................................................................................................................ 34>>path:#_Toc100412798]]

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[[5.5 System...................................................................................................................................................... 34>>path:#_Toc100412799]]

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[[5.5.1 System ~~-~~-~> System Overview..................................................................................................... 34>>path:#_Toc100412800]]

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[[5.5.2 System ~~-~~-~> General ( login settings)......................................................................................... 35>>path:#_Toc100412801]]

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[[5.5.3 System ~~-~~-~> Network..................................................................................................................... 36>>path:#_Toc100412802]]

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[[5.5.4 System ~~-~~-~> WiFi............................................................................................................................ 37>>path:#_Toc100412803]]

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[[5.5.5 System ~~-~~-~> Cellular....................................................................................................................... 37>>path:#_Toc100412804]]

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[[5.5.6 System ~~-~~-~> Network Status........................................................................................................ 38>>path:#_Toc100412805]]

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[[5.5.7 System ~~-~~-~> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision............................................................................ 39>>path:#_Toc100412806]]

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[[5.5.8 System ~~-~~-~> Firmware Upgrade................................................................................................... 40>>path:#_Toc100412807]]

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[[5.5.9 System ~~-~~-~> Reboot/Reset........................................................................................................... 42>>path:#_Toc100412808]]

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[[5.5.10 System ~~-~~-~> Package Maintain.................................................................................................... 43>>path:#_Toc100412809]]

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[[5.6 LogRead................................................................................................................................................... 44>>path:#_Toc100412810]]

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[[5.6.1 LogRead ~~-~~-~> LoRa Log.................................................................................................................. 44>>path:#_Toc100412811]]

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[[5.6.2 LogRead ~~-~~-~> System Log.............................................................................................................. 44>>path:#_Toc100412812]]

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[[6 More features.......................................................................................................... 45>>path:#_Toc100412813]]

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[[6.1 More instructions................................................................................................................................... 45>>path:#_Toc100412814]]

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[[7 Linux System............................................................................................................ 46>>path:#_Toc100412815]]

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[[7.1 SSH Access for Linux console................................................................................................................ 46>>path:#_Toc100412816]]

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[[7.2 Edit and Transfer files............................................................................................................................ 47>>path:#_Toc100412817]]

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[[7.3 File System............................................................................................................................................... 47>>path:#_Toc100412818]]

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[[7.4 Package maintenance system.............................................................................................................. 48>>path:#_Toc100412819]]

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[[8 Upgrade Linux Firmware............................................................................................ 49>>path:#_Toc100412820]]

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[[9 FAQ......................................................................................................................... 50>>path:#_Toc100412821]]

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[[9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band?................................................................. 50>>path:#_Toc100412822]]

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[[9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT?...................................................................................................... 50>>path:#_Toc100412823]]

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[[9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code?................... 50>>path:#_Toc100412824]]

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[[9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands?................................................................................. 50>>path:#_Toc100412825]]

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[[10 Trouble Shooting....................................................................................................... 51>>path:#_Toc100412826]]

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[[10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix?.......................................................... 51>>path:#_Toc100412827]]

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[[10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes................................................................. 51>>path:#_Toc100412828]]

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[[10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now?................................... 52>>path:#_Toc100412829]]

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[[11 Order Info................................................................................................................ 53>>path:#_Toc100412830]]

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[[12 Packing Info............................................................................................................. 54>>path:#_Toc100412831]]

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[[13 Support................................................................................................................... 54>>path:#_Toc100412832]]

1. Introduction

11. What is the DLOS8N

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The DLOS8N is an open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway. It lets you bridge LoRa wireless

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network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users

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to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.

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DLOS8N supports Semtech packet forwarder and LoRaWAN Station connection, it is fully

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compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.

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DLOS8N has pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands to use for different countries.

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User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.

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DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server.

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System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own

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LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.

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DLOS8N supports auto-provision for mass deployment and long term maintain. System

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intergrator can easily change the settings.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.png]]

1.

11. Specifications

**Hardware System:**

Linux Part:

* 400Mhz ar9331 processor

* 64MB RAM

* 16MB Flash

**Interface:**

* 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1

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* WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n

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* LoRaWAN Wireless

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* Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A

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* IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37 ~~ 57 v)

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* USB 2.0 host connector x 1

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* Mini-PCI E connector x 1

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* SX1302 + 2 x SX1250

**WiFi Spec:**

* IEEE 802.11 b/g/n

* Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz

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* Tx power:

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** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db mcs0 : 17db

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** 11b tx power: 18db

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** 11g 54M tx power: 12db

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** 11g 6M tx power: 18db

* Wifi Sensitivity

** 11g 54M : -71dbm

** 11n 20M : -67dbm

**LoRa Spec:**

* Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end

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* 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset

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* Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB

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* Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator

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* Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces

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* 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths

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* Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation

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* True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation

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**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**

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* Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]

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* Standard Size SIM Slot

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* 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.

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* Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates

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* Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage

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* MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems

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**Power over Ethernet:**

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* IEEE 802.3af compliant.

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* Support wide input voltage range 37Vdc to 57Vdc.

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* Thermal cut off.

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* Short circuit protection.

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* Over current protection

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* Isolation level 4 KVrms.

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* Enhanced surge protection

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*1. Features

* Open Source Embedded Linux system

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* Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi

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* Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder

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* Support LoRaWAN Station Connection

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* Cellular Failover conntection(option)

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* Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node

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* LoRaWAN packet filtering

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* Far seeing LED indicator

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* Built-in GPS module for location & timing

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* External fiber glass antenna

* Auto-Provision

* Remote Monitoring

* 802.3af PoE

* IP65

* Lighting Protection

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* Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA

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11. Hardware System Structure

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.png]]

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11. DLOS8N Applications

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.png]]

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11. LED Indicators

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image005.png]]

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There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:

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** **SOLID GREEN**: DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.

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** **BLINKING GREEN**: a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection. or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will **BLINKING GREEN** for several seconds and then **RED** and **YELLOW** will blink together.

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** **SOLID RED**: Device doesn’t have Internet connection.

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11. WiFi Direction

DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.png]]

1. Access and Configure DLOS8N

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The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.

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11. Find IP address of DLOS8N

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111. Connect via WiFi

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.png]]

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.png]] At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called **//dragino-xxxxxx //**with password:

dragino+dragino

User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP 10.130.1.1

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11.

111. Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image009.png]]

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Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.

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111. Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.png]]

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If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.

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11.

111. Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip

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The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.

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11. Access Configure Web UI

**Web Interface**

Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)

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[[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)

or

http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]

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You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.

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The account details for Web Login are:

**User Name: root**

**Password: dragino**

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.png]]

1. Typical Network Setup

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11. Overview

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The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:

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* **WAN Port Internet Mode**

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* **WiFi Client Mode**

* **WiFi AP Mode**

* **Cellular Mode**

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11. Use WAN port to access Internet

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By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the **home page**:

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.png]]

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11. Access the Internet as a WiFi Client.

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In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.

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The settings for WiFi Client is under page **System à WiFi ** **à WiFi WAN Client Settings**

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.png]]

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In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.

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11. Access the Internet via Cellular

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If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.

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First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.png]]

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image015.png]]

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The set up page is **System à Cellular**

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While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.png]]

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**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.

1.

11. Check Internet connection

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In the **Home** page, we can check the Internet connection.

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* GREEN Tick [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.png]] : This interface has Internet connection.

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* Yellow Tick [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.png]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.

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* RED Cross [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.png]] : This interface doesn’t connected.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.png]]

1. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway

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DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.png]]

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This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with

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[[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])

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11. Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server

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**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**

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Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.png]]

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The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**

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**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**

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[[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.png]]

**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.png]]

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**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**

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* Europe 1 **corresponding Gateway server address: **eu1.cloud.thethings.network

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* North America 1 **corresponding Gateway server address:** nam1.cloud.thethings.network

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* Australia 1 **corresponding Gateway server address:** au1.cloud.thethings.network

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* Legacy V2 Console : **TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021**

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**Step 4: Create a Gateway**

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.png]]

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Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.

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Open the following page:

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.png]] [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.png]]

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**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.

After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.png]]

1.

11. Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3

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You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.

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Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.

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Choose the right server provider and click **Save&Apply**

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image029.png]]

**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.

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In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.png]]

In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image031.png]]

1.

11. Configure frequency

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We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.png]]

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In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.png]]

1.

11. Add a LoRaWAN End Device

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This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.

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We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image034.jpg]]

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**Step 1**: Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.

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Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:

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* DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.

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* APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.

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* APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.

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A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.png]]

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Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands. Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.

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For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.

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Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image036.png]]

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Open the **Application **select** Add end device**

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Start Register the end device

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[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.png]]

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Select OTAA activation mode

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The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.

666

667

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image038.png]]

668

669

First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.

670

671

672

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image039.png]]

673

674

Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.

675

676

677

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image040.png]]

678

679

Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.

680

681

682

**Step 2**: Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.

683

684

685

Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.

686

687

688

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image041.png]]

1. Web Configure Pages

1.

11. Home

Shows the system running status.

701

702

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image042.png]]

1.

11. LoRa Settings

111. LoRa ~-~-> LoRa

This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.

712

713

714

Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:

715

716

* **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.

717

* **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920

718

719

720

After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**

721

722

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image043.png]]

723

724

Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:

725

726

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]

1.

11.

111. LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption

733

734

The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:

735

736

* No internet connection.

737

* User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]).

738

739

Detail of this feature: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Communication_with_ABP_End_Node>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Communication_with_ABP_End_Node]]

740

741

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image044.png]]

1.

11. LoRaWAN Settings

111. LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN

748

749

This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc

750

751

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image045.png]]

Note

~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.

756

757

~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:

758

759

See [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Filter_unwanted_LoRaWAN_packets>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Filter_unwanted_LoRaWAN_packets]]

1.

11.

111. LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT

766

767

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image046.png]]

768

769

Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]

1.

11.

111. LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT

777

778

Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]

779

780

Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]

781

782

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image047.png]]

1.

11. MQTT Settings

If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,

Instruction:

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]

795

796

797

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image048.png]]

1.

11. System

111. System ~-~-> System Overview

803

804

Shows the system info:

805

806

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image049.png]]

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> General ( login settings)

811

812

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image050.png]]

System Password:

There are two login for DLOS8N: root /dragino or admin /dragino. Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.

817

818

This page can be used to set the password for them.

Timezone:

Set device timezone.

Port forwarding:

Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Network

836

837

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image051.png]]

LAN Settings:

When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.

WAN Settings:

Setting for DLOS8N WAN port

WiFi Settings:

Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> WiFi

860

861

DLOS8N WiFi Settings.

862

863

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image052.png]]

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Cellular

869

870

While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.

871

872

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.png]]

873

874

Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Network Status

882

883

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image053.png]]

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision

890

891

Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:

892

893

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image054.png]]

894

895

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.png]]

896

897

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image056.png]]

898

899

Please see this document for detail:

900

901

[[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]

902

903

904

R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:

905

906

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]

907

908

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image057.png]]

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade

914

915

We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.

916

917

* **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],

918

919

( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )

920

921

* **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].

922

923

( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )

924

925

926

The file named as **xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.

927

928

929

**Web à System à Firmware Upgrade**

930

931

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image058.png]]

932

933

934

Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.

935

936

937

**NOTE**: You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.

The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.

943

944

945

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image059.png]]

946

947

948

Note *: User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console

949

950

SCP the firmware to the system** /var** directory and then run

951

952

**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**

953

954

955

**NOTE**: it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset

961

962

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image060.png]]

1.

11.

111. System ~-~-> Package Maintain

969

970

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image061.png]]

971

972

Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.

1.

11. LogRead

111. LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log

980

981

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image062.png]]

982

983

Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.

1.

11.

111. LogRead ~-~-> System Log

Show the system log

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image063.png]]

1. More features

11. More instructions

998

999

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]

1. Linux System

The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.

1007

1008

1.

1009

11. SSH Access for Linux console

1010

1011

User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.

1012

1013

1014

IP address: IP address of DLOS8N

1015

1016

Port: 22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)

User Name: **root**

Password: **dragino** (default)

1021

1022

1023

After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.

1024

1025

1026

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image064.png]]

1027

1028

1029

The “logread -f” command can be used to debug how system runs.

1030

1031

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image065.png]]

1.

11. Edit and Transfer files

1038

1039

The DLOS8N supports the **SCP protocol** and has a built-in **SFTP server**. There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.

1040

1041

1042

In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.

1043

1044

After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.

1045

1046

1047

Screenshot is as below:

1048

1049

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.png]]

1.

11. File System

The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.

1056

1057

1058

The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.

1059

1060

You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.

1.

11. Package maintenance system

1067

1068

DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maint>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[e>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[n>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ance>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.

1069

1070

1071

Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])

1072

1073

1074

In Linux Console run:

1075

1076

**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update** ~/~/ to get the latest packages list

1077

1078

**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list** ~/~/shows the available packages

1079

1080

**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf **~/~/ install iperf

1081

1082

The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.

1083

1084

1085

//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//

1086

1087

//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//

1088

1089

//Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]

1090

1091

//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//

1092

1093

//Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]

1094

1095

//Configuring uclibcxx.//

1096

1097

//Configuring iperf.//

1098

1099

1100

1. Upgrade Linux Firmware

1. FAQ

11. How can I configure for a customized frequency band?

1107

1108

1109

See below link for how to customize frequency band:

1110

1111

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]

1.

11. Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT?

1116

1117

Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]

1.

11. Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code?

1122

1123

Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.

1124

1125

The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]

1.

11. Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands?

1130

1131

It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.

1. Trouble Shooting

11. I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix?

1138

1139

In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:

1140

1141

1142

root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk

1143

1144

Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…

Collected errors:

~* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:

1149

1150

* kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *

1151

1152

~* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.

1153

1154

1155

In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.

1156

1157

Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends

1.

11. How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes

1162

1163

1164

Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:

1165

1166

[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]

1.

11. I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now?

1174

1175

1176

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.png]]

1177

1178

The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.

1179

1180

(Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page)

1181

1182

1183

Steps to connect via fall back IP:

1184

1185

1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port

1186

1. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has

1187

IP: 172.31.255.253 and

1188

Netmask: 255.255.255.252

As below photo:

[[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.jpg]]

1194

1195

1. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.

1196

1197

Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.

1. Order Info

**//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:**

1204

1205

**//XXX: Frequency Band//**

1206

1207

* **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.

1208

* **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920

1209

1210

1211

**//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**

1212

1213

* **E**: EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.

1214

* **A**: North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.

1215

* **AU**: Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan

1216

* **J**: Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI

1217

1218

More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].

1. Packing Info

**Package Includes**:

1226

1227

* DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1

1228

* Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered

1229

* Packaging with environmental protection paper box

1230

1231

1232

**Dimension and weight**:

1233

1234

* Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm

1235

* Weight: 187g

1236

* Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm

* Weight: 300g

1. Support

* Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].

1243

* Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.

1244

Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.

1245

* Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:

1246

1247

[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

1248

1249

Wiki source code of DLOS8N