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1 (% style="text-align:center" %)
2 [[image:1652409757234-446.png||height="399" width="399"]]
3
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6
7
8 **Table of Contents:**
9
10 {{toc/}}
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21
22
23 = 1. Introduction =
24
25 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
26
27
28 (((
29 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
30 )))
31
32 (((
33 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
34 )))
35
36 (((
37 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
38 )))
39
40 (((
41 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
42 )))
43
44 (((
45 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
46
47
48 )))
49
50 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
51
52
53 == 1.2 Specifications ==
54
55
56 **Hardware System:**
57
58 (((
59 Linux Part:
60 )))
61
62 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
63 * 64MB RAM
64 * 16MB Flash
65
66
67
68 **Interface:**
69
70 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
71 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
72 * LoRaWAN Wireless
73 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
74 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
75 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
76 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
77 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
78
79
80
81 **WiFi Spec:**
82
83 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
84 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
85 * Tx power:
86 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
87 ** 11b tx power: 18db
88 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
89 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
90 * Wifi Sensitivity
91 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
92 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
93
94
95
96 **LoRa Spec:**
97
98 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
99 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
100 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
101 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
102 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
103 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
104 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
105 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
106
107
108
109 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
110
111 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
112 * Standard Size SIM Slot
113 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
114 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
115 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
116 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
117
118
119
120 **Power over Ethernet:**
121
122 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
123 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
124 * Thermal cut off.
125 * Short circuit protection.
126 * Over current protection
127 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
128 * Enhanced surge protection
129
130
131
132
133 == 1.3 Features ==
134
135 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
136 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
137 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
138 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
139 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
140 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
141 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
142 * Far seeing LED indicator
143 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
144 * External fiber glass antenna
145 * Auto-Provision
146 * Remote Monitoring
147 * 802.3af PoE
148 * IP65
149 * Lighting Protection
150 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
151
152
153
154
155 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
156
157 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
158
159
160 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
161
162 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
163
164
165 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
166
167 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
168
169
170 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
171
172 (((
173 (((
174 * (((
175 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
176 )))
177 )))
178
179 * (((
180 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
181 )))
182 * (((
183 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
184
185
186
187
188 )))
189 )))
190
191 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
192
193 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
194
195 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
196
197 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
198
199 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
200
201
202 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
203
204 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
205
206 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
207
208 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
209
210 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
211
212 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
213
214 (((
215 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
216
217
218 )))
219
220 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
221
222 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
223
224
225 (((
226 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
227
228
229 )))
230
231 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
232
233 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
234
235
236 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
237
238
239 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
240
241 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
242
243
244 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
245
246 **Web Interface**
247
248 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
249
250 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
251
252 or
253
254 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
255
256
257 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
258
259 The account details for Web Login are:
260
261 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
262
263 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
264
265 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
266
267 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
268
269 == 3.1 Overview ==
270
271 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
272
273 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
274 * **WiFi Client Mode**
275 * **WiFi AP Mode**
276 * **Cellular Mode**
277
278
279
280
281 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
282
283 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
284
285 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
286
287
288 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
289
290 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
291
292 (((
293 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
294 )))
295
296 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
297
298 (((
299 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
300
301
302 )))
303
304 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
305
306 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
307
308 (((
309 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
310 )))
311
312 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
313
314
315 (((
316 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
317 )))
318
319 (((
320 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
321 )))
322
323 (((
324 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
325 )))
326
327 (((
328 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
329 )))
330
331 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
332
333
334 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
335
336 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
337
338 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
339 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
340 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
341
342 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
343
344
345 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
346
347 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
348
349 (((
350 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
351 )))
352
353 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
354
355 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
356
357
358 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
359
360 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
361
362 (((
363 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
364 )))
365
366 (((
367 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
368 )))
369
370 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
371
372 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
373
374 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
375
376 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
377
378 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
379
380 (((
381 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
382 )))
383
384 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
385
386 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
387 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
388 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
389 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
390
391 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
392
393 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
394
395 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
396
397 Open the following page:
398
399 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
400
401 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
402
403 (((
404 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
405 )))
406
407 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
408
409 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
410
411
412 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
413
414 (((
415 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
416 )))
417
418 (((
419 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
420 )))
421
422 (((
423 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
424 )))
425
426 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
427
428 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
429
430 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
431
432 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
433
434 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
435
436 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
437
438
439 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
440
441 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
442
443 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
444
445
446 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
447
448 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
449
450
451 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
452
453 (((
454 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
455 )))
456
457 (((
458 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
459 )))
460
461 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
462
463 (((
464 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
465 )))
466
467 (((
468 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
469 )))
470
471 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
472 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
473 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
474
475 (((
476 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
477 )))
478
479 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
480
481 (((
482 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
483 )))
484
485 (((
486 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
487 )))
488
489 (((
490 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
491 )))
492
493 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
494
495 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
496
497 Start Register the end device
498
499 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
500
501 (((
502 Select OTAA activation mode
503 )))
504
505 (((
506 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
507 )))
508
509 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
510
511 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
512
513 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
514
515 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
516
517 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
518
519 (((
520 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
521 )))
522
523 (((
524 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
525 )))
526
527 (((
528 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
529 )))
530
531 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
532
533
534 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
535
536 == 5.1 Home ==
537
538 Shows the system running status.
539
540 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
541
542
543 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
544
545 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
546
547 (((
548 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
549 )))
550
551 (((
552 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
553 )))
554
555 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
556 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
557
558 (((
559 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
560 )))
561
562 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
563
564 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
565
566
567 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
568
569 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
570
571 * No internet connection.
572 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
573
574 (((
575 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
576 )))
577
578 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
579
580
581 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
582
583 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
584
585 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
586
587 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
588
589 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
590
591 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
592
593 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
594
595 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
596
597
598 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
599
600 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
601
602
603 (((
604 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
605
606
607 )))
608
609 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
610
611 (((
612 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
613 )))
614
615 (((
616 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
617 )))
618
619 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
620
621
622 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
623
624 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
625
626 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
627
628
629 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
630
631
632 == 5.5 System ==
633
634 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
635
636 Shows the system info:
637
638 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
639
640
641 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
642
643 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
644
645 (((
646 **__System Password:__**
647 )))
648
649 (((
650 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
651 )))
652
653 (((
654 This page can be used to set the password for them.
655 )))
656
657 (((
658 **__Timezone:__**Set device timezone.
659 )))
660
661 (((
662 **__Port forwarding:__**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
663
664
665 )))
666
667 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
668
669 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
670
671 (((
672 **__LAN Settings:__**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
673 )))
674
675 (((
676 __**WAN Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
677 )))
678
679 (((
680 __**WiFi Settings:**__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
681
682
683 )))
684
685 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
686
687 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
688
689 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
690
691
692 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
693
694 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
695
696 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
697
698 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
699
700
701 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
702
703 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
704
705
706 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
707
708 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
709
710 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
711
712 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
713
714 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
715
716 Please see this document for detail:
717
718 (((
719 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
720 )))
721
722
723 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
724
725 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
726
727
728 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
729
730 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
731
732 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
733
734 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
735
736 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
737
738 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
739
740 (((
741 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
742 )))
743
744 (((
745 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
746 )))
747
748 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
749
750 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
751
752 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
753
754 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
755
756 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
757
758 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
759
760 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
761
762 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
763
764 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
765
766
767 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
768
769 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
770
771 (((
772
773 )))
774
775 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
776
777 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
778
779 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
780
781
782 == 5.6 LogRead ==
783
784 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
785
786
787 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
788
789 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
790
791
792 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
793
794 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
795
796 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
797
798
799 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
800
801 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
802
803
804 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
805
806 Show the system log
807
808 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
809
810 = 6. More features =
811
812 == 6.1 More instructions ==
813
814 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
815
816
817 = 7. Linux System =
818
819 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
820
821
822 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
823
824 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
825
826 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
827
828 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
829
830 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
831
832 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
833
834 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
835
836 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
837
838 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
839
840 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
841
842
843 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
844
845 (((
846 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
847 )))
848
849 (((
850 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
851 )))
852
853 (((
854 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
855 )))
856
857 (((
858 Screenshot is as below:
859 )))
860
861 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
862
863
864 == 7.3 File System ==
865
866 (((
867 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
868 )))
869
870 (((
871 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
872 )))
873
874 (((
875 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
876 )))
877
878
879 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
880
881 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
882
883 (((
884 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
885 )))
886
887 (((
888 **In Linux Console run:**
889 )))
890
891 (((
892 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
893 )))
894
895 (((
896 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
897 )))
898
899 (((
900 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
901 )))
902
903 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
904
905
906 (((
907 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
908 )))
909
910 (((
911 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
912 )))
913
914 (((
915 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
916 )))
917
918 (((
919 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
920 )))
921
922 (((
923 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
924 )))
925
926 (((
927 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
928 )))
929
930 (((
931 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
932 )))
933
934 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
935
936
937 = 9. FAQ =
938
939 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
940
941 (((
942 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
943 )))
944
945 (((
946
947 )))
948
949 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
950
951 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
952
953
954 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
955
956 (((
957 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
958 )))
959
960 (((
961 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
962 )))
963
964
965 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
966
967 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
968
969
970 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
971
972 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
973
974 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
975
976 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
977
978 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
979
980 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
981
982 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
983
984 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
985
986 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
987
988 (((
989 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
990 )))
991
992 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
993
994
995 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
996
997 (((
998 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
999 )))
1000
1001 (((
1002
1003 )))
1004
1005 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1006
1007 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
1008
1009 (((
1010 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1011 )))
1012
1013 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1014
1015
1016 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1017
1018 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
1019
1020 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
1021 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
1022 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1023
1024 As below photo:
1025
1026 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1027
1028 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1029
1030 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1031
1032
1033 = 11. Order Info =
1034
1035 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1036
1037 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1038
1039 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1040 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1041
1042 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1043
1044 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1045 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1046 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1047 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1048
1049 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1050
1051
1052 = 12. Packing Info =
1053
1054 (((
1055 **Package Includes**:
1056 )))
1057
1058 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1059 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1060 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1061
1062 (((
1063 **Dimension and weight**:
1064 )))
1065
1066 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1067 * Weight: 450g
1068 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1069 * Weight: 2.5kg
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074 = 13. Support =
1075
1076 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1077 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1078 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1079 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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