Wiki source code of DLOS8N

Version 77.2 by Xiaoling on 2022/05/13 18:12
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1
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3 (% style="text-align:center" %)
4 [[image:1652409757234-446.png||height="399" width="399"]]
5
6
7
8 **DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual**
9
10
11 **Table of Contents：**
12
13 {{toc/}}
14
15
16
17
18 = 1. Introduction =
19
20 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
21
22 (((
23 The DLOS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway. (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
24 )))
25
26 (((
27 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.
28 )))
29
30 (((
31 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
32 )))
33
34 (((
35 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
36 )))
37
38 (((
39 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) auto-provision (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
40 )))
41
42 [[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
43
44
45 == 1.2 Specifications ==
46
47 **Hardware System:**
48
49 (((
50 Linux Part:
51 )))
52
53 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
54 * 64MB RAM
55 * 16MB Flash
56
57 **Interface:**
58
59 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
60 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
61 * LoRaWAN Wireless
62 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
63 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
64 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
65 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
66 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
67
68 **WiFi Spec:**
69
70 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
71 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
72 * Tx power:
73 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
74 ** 11b tx power: 18db
75 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
76 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
77 * Wifi Sensitivity
78 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
79 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
80
81 **LoRa Spec:**
82
83 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
84 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
85 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
86 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
87 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
88 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
89 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
90 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
91
92 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
93
94 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
95 * Standard Size SIM Slot
96 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
97 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
98 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
99 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
100
101 **Power over Ethernet:**
102
103 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
104 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
105 * Thermal cut off.
106 * Short circuit protection.
107 * Over current protection
108 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
109 * Enhanced surge protection
110
111 == 1.3 Features ==
112
113 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
114 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
115 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
116 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
117 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
118 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
119 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
120 * Far seeing LED indicator
121 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
122 * External fiber glass antenna
123 * Auto-Provision
124 * Remote Monitoring
125 * 802.3af PoE
126 * IP65
127 * Lighting Protection
128 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
129
130 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
131
132 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
133
134
135 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
136
137 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
138
139
140 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
141
142 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
143
144
145 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
146
147 (((
148 (((
149 * (((
150 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
151 )))
152 )))
153
154 * (((
155 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
156 )))
157 * (((
158 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
159 )))
160 )))
161
162
163 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
164
165 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
166
167 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
168
169
170 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
171
172 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
173
174 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
175
176 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
177
178 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
179
180
181 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
182
183 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
184
185 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
186
187 (((
188 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
189 )))
190
191
192 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
193
194 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
195
196
197 (((
198 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
199 )))
200
201
202 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
203
204 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
205
206
207 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
208
209
210 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
211
212 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
213
214
215 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
216
217 **Web Interface**
218
219 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
220
221 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
222
223 or
224
225 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
226
227
228 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
229
230 The account details for Web Login are:
231
232 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
233
234 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
235
236 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
237
238
239
240
241 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
242
243 == 3.1 Overview ==
244
245 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
246
247 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
248 * **WiFi Client Mode**
249 * **WiFi AP Mode**
250 * **Cellular Mode**
251
252 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
253
254 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
255
256 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
257
258
259 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
260
261 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
262
263 (((
264 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
265 )))
266
267 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
268
269 (((
270 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
271 )))
272
273
274 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
275
276 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
277
278 (((
279 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
280 )))
281
282 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
283
284
285 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="450" width="766"]]
286
287 (((
288 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
289 )))
290
291
292 (((
293 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
294 )))
295
296 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
297
298 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
299
300
301 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
302
303 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
304
305 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="16" width="17"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
306 * Yellow Tick   [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
307 * RED Cross    : This interface doesn’t connected.
308
309 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
310
311
312 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
313
314 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
315
316 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
317
318 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
319
320 [[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
321
322
323 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
324
325 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
326
327 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
328
329 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
330
331 The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
332
333
334 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
335
336 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
337
338 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
339
340
341 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
342
343 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
344
345
346 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
347
348 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
349 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
350 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
351 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
352
353 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
354
355 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
356
357 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
358
359 Open the following page:
360
361 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
362
363 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
364
365 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
366
367 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
368
369 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
370
371
372 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
373
374 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
375
376 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
377
378 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
379
380 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
381
382 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
383
384 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
385
386 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
387
388 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
389
390 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
391
392
393 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
394
395 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
396
397 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
398
399
400 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
401
402 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
403
404
405 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
406
407 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
408
409 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
410
411 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
412
413 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
414
415 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
416
417 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
418 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
419 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
420
421 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
422
423 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
424
425
426 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
427
428 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
429
430 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
431
432 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
433
434 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
435
436 Start Register the end device
437
438 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
439
440 Select OTAA activation mode
441
442
443 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
444
445 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
446
447 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
448
449 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
450
451 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
452
453 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
454
455 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
456
457
458 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
459
460 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
461
462 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
463
464
465 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
466
467 == 5.1 Home ==
468
469 Shows the system running status.
470
471 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
472
473
474 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
475
476 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
477
478 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
479
480 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
481
482 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
483 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
484
485 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
486
487 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
488
489 Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:
490
491 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
492
493
494 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
495
496 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
497
498 * No internet connection.
499 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
500
501 Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
502
503 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
504
505
506 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
507
508 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
509
510 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
511
512 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
513
514 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
515
516 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
517
518 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
519
520 See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
521
522
523 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
524
525 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
526
527 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
528
529
530 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
531
532 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
533
534 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
535
536 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
537
538
539 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
540
541 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
542
543 Instruction:
544
545 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]
546
547 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
548
549
550 == 5.5 System ==
551
552 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
553
554 Shows the system info:
555
556 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
557
558
559 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
560
561 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
562
563 **__System Password:__**
564
565 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
566
567 This page can be used to set the password for them.
568
569 (((
570
571 )))
572
573 **__Timezone:__**
574
575 Set device timezone.
576
577 (((
578
579 )))
580
581 **__Port forwarding:__**
582
583 Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
584
585
586 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
587
588 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
589
590 **__LAN Settings:__**
591
592 When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
593
594 (((
595
596 )))
597
598 __**WAN Settings:**__
599
600 Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
601
602 (((
603
604 )))
605
606 __**WiFi Settings:**__
607
608 Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
609
610
611 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
612
613 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
614
615 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
616
617
618 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
619
620 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
621
622 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
623
624 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
625
626
627 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
628
629 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
630
631
632 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
633
634 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
635
636 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
637
638 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
639
640 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
641
642 Please see this document for detail:
643
644 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
645
646
647 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:
648
649 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]
650
651 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
652
653
654 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
655
656 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
657
658 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
659
660 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
661
662 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
663
664 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
665
666
667 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
668
669 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
670
671 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
672
673 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
674
675 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
676
677 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
678
679 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
680
681
682 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
683
684 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
685
686 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
687
688 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
689
690
691 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
692
693 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
694
695 (((
696
697 )))
698
699 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
700
701 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
702
703 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
704
705 (((
706
707 )))
708
709 == 5.6 LogRead ==
710
711 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
712
713 [[image:1652430356784-567.png||height="325" width="730"]]
714
715 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
716
717 (((
718
719 )))
720
721 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
722
723 Show the system log
724
725 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
726
727
728 = 6. More features =
729
730 == 6.1 More instructions ==
731
732 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
733
734 (((
735
736 )))
737
738 = 7. Linux System =
739
740 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
741
742 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
743
744 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
745
746 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
747
748 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
749
750 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
751
752 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
753
754 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
755
756 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
757
758 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
759
760 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
761
762
763 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
764
765 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
766
767 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
768
769 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
770
771 Screenshot is as below:
772
773 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
774
775
776 == 7.3 File System ==
777
778 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
779
780 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
781
782 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
783
784
785 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
786
787 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
788
789 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
790
791 **In Linux Console run:**
792
793 (((
794 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
795 )))
796
797 (((
798 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
799 )))
800
801 (((
802 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
803 )))
804
805 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
806
807
808 (((
809 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
810 )))
811
812 (((
813 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
814 )))
815
816 (((
817 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
818 )))
819
820 (((
821 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
822 )))
823
824 (((
825 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
826 )))
827
828 (((
829 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
830 )))
831
832 (((
833 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
834 )))
835
836 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
837
838
839 = 9. FAQ =
840
841 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
842
843 See below link for how to customize frequency band:
844
845 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
846
847
848 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
849
850 Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
851
852
853 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
854
855 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
856
857 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
858
859
860 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
861
862 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
863
864
865 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
866
867 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
868
869 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
870
871 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
872
873 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
874
875 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
876
877 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
878
879 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
880
881 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
882
883 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
884
885 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
886
887
888 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
889
890 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
891
892 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
893
894
895 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
896
897 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
898
899 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
900
901 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
902
903
904 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
905
906 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
907
908 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
909 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
910 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
911
912 As below photo:
913
914 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
915
916 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
917
918 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
919
920
921 = 11. Order Info =
922
923 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
924
925 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
926
927 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
928 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
929
930 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
931
932 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
933 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
934 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
935 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
936
937 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
938
939
940 = 12. Packing Info =
941
942 **Package Includes**:
943
944 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
945 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
946 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
947
948 **Dimension and weight**:
949
950 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
951 * Weight: 187g
952 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
953 * Weight: 300g
954 *
955
956 = 13. Support =
957
958 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].
959 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
960 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
961 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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