Wiki source code of DLOS8N

Version 76.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/05/13 18:11
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1
2
3 (% style="text-align:center" %)
4 [[image:1652409757234-446.png||height="399" width="399"]]
5
6
7
8 **DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual**
9
10
11 **Table of Contents：**
12
13 {{toc/}}
14
15
16
17
18 = 1. Introduction =
19
20 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
21
22 (((
23 The DLOS8N is an (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway. (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
24 )))
25
26 (((
27 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)Semtech packet forwarder (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)LoRaWAN Station connection, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.
28 )))
29
30 (((
31 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
32 )))
33
34 (((
35 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
36 )))
37
38 (((
39 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) auto-provision (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
40 )))
41
42 [[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
43
44
45 == 1.2 Specifications ==
46
47 **Hardware System:**
48
49 (((
50 Linux Part:
51 )))
52
53 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
54 * 64MB RAM
55 * 16MB Flash
56
57 **Interface:**
58
59 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
60 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
61 * LoRaWAN Wireless
62 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
63 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
64 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
65 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
66 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
67
68 **WiFi Spec:**
69
70 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
71 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
72 * Tx power:
73 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
74 ** 11b tx power: 18db
75 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
76 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
77 * Wifi Sensitivity
78 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
79 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
80
81 **LoRa Spec:**
82
83 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
84 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
85 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
86 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
87 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
88 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
89 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
90 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
91
92 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
93
94 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
95 * Standard Size SIM Slot
96 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
97 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
98 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
99 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
100
101 **Power over Ethernet:**
102
103 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
104 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
105 * Thermal cut off.
106 * Short circuit protection.
107 * Over current protection
108 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
109 * Enhanced surge protection
110
111 == 1.3 Features ==
112
113 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
114 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
115 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
116 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
117 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
118 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
119 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
120 * Far seeing LED indicator
121 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
122 * External fiber glass antenna
123 * Auto-Provision
124 * Remote Monitoring
125 * 802.3af PoE
126 * IP65
127 * Lighting Protection
128 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
129
130 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
131
132 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
133
134
135 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
136
137 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
138
139
140 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
141
142 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
143
144
145 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
146
147 (((
148 (((
149 * (((
150 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
151 )))
152 )))
153
154 * (((
155 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
156 )))
157 * (((
158 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
159 )))
160 )))
161
162
163 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
164
165 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
166
167 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
168
169
170 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
171
172 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
173
174 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
175
176 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
177
178 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
179
180
181 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
182
183 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
184
185 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
186
187 (((
188 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
189 )))
190
191
192 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
193
194 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
195
196
197 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
198
199
200 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
201
202 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
203
204
205 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
206
207
208 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
209
210 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
211
212
213 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
214
215 **Web Interface**
216
217 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
218
219 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
220
221 or
222
223 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
224
225
226 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
227
228 The account details for Web Login are:
229
230 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
231
232 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
233
234 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
235
236
237
238
239 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
240
241 == 3.1 Overview ==
242
243 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
244
245 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
246 * **WiFi Client Mode**
247 * **WiFi AP Mode**
248 * **Cellular Mode**
249
250 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
251
252 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
253
254 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
255
256
257 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
258
259 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
260
261 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
262
263 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
264
265
266 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
267
268
269 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
270
271 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
272
273
274 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
275
276 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
277
278
279 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="450" width="766"]]
280
281
282 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
283
284
285 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
286
287 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
288
289 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
290
291
292 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
293
294 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
295
296 * GREEN Tick ​​​​[[image:1652421151598-130.png||height="23" width="24"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
297 * Yellow Tick  [[image:1652421168047-470.png||height="22" width="21"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
298 * RED Cross   [[image:1652421179500-890.png||height="24" width="27"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
299
300 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
301
302
303 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
304
305 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
306
307 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
308
309 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
310
311 [[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
312
313
314 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
315
316 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
317
318 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
319
320 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
321
322 The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
323
324
325 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
326
327 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
328
329 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
330
331
332 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
333
334 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
335
336
337 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
338
339 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
340 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
341 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
342 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
343
344 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
345
346 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
347
348 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
349
350 Open the following page:
351
352 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
353
354 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
355
356 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
357
358 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
359
360 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
361
362
363 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
364
365 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
366
367 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
368
369 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
370
371 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
372
373 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
374
375 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
376
377 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
378
379 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
380
381 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
382
383
384 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
385
386 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
387
388 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
389
390
391 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
392
393 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
394
395
396 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
397
398 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
399
400 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
401
402 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
403
404 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
405
406 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
407
408 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
409 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
410 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
411
412 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
413
414 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
415
416
417 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
418
419 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
420
421 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
422
423 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
424
425 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
426
427 Start Register the end device
428
429 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
430
431 Select OTAA activation mode
432
433
434 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
435
436 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
437
438 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
439
440 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
441
442 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
443
444 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
445
446 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
447
448
449 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
450
451 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
452
453 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
454
455
456 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
457
458 == 5.1 Home ==
459
460 Shows the system running status.
461
462 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
463
464
465 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
466
467 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
468
469 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
470
471 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
472
473 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
474 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
475
476 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
477
478 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
479
480 Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:
481
482 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
483
484
485 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
486
487 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
488
489 * No internet connection.
490 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
491
492 Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
493
494 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
495
496
497 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
498
499 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
500
501 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
502
503 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
504
505 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
506
507 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
508
509 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
510
511 See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
512
513
514 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
515
516 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
517
518 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
519
520
521 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
522
523 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
524
525 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
526
527 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
528
529
530 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
531
532 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
533
534 Instruction:
535
536 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]
537
538 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
539
540
541 == 5.5 System ==
542
543 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
544
545 Shows the system info:
546
547 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
548
549
550 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
551
552 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
553
554 **__System Password:__**
555
556 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
557
558 This page can be used to set the password for them.
559
560 (((
561
562 )))
563
564 **__Timezone:__**
565
566 Set device timezone.
567
568 (((
569
570 )))
571
572 **__Port forwarding:__**
573
574 Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
575
576
577 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
578
579 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
580
581 **__LAN Settings:__**
582
583 When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
584
585 (((
586
587 )))
588
589 __**WAN Settings:**__
590
591 Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
592
593 (((
594
595 )))
596
597 __**WiFi Settings:**__
598
599 Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
600
601
602 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
603
604 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
605
606 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
607
608
609 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
610
611 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
612
613 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
614
615 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
616
617
618 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
619
620 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
621
622
623 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
624
625 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
626
627 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
628
629 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
630
631 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
632
633 Please see this document for detail:
634
635 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
636
637
638 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:
639
640 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]
641
642 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
643
644
645 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
646
647 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
648
649 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
650
651 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
652
653 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
654
655 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
656
657
658 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
659
660 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
661
662 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
663
664 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
665
666 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
667
668 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
669
670 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
671
672
673 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
674
675 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
676
677 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
678
679 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
680
681
682 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
683
684 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
685
686 (((
687
688 )))
689
690 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
691
692 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
693
694 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
695
696 (((
697
698 )))
699
700 == 5.6 LogRead ==
701
702 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
703
704 [[image:1652430356784-567.png||height="325" width="730"]]
705
706 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
707
708 (((
709
710 )))
711
712 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
713
714 Show the system log
715
716 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
717
718
719 = 6. More features =
720
721 == 6.1 More instructions ==
722
723 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
724
725 (((
726
727 )))
728
729 = 7. Linux System =
730
731 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
732
733 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
734
735 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
736
737 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
738
739 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
740
741 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
742
743 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
744
745 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
746
747 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
748
749 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
750
751 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
752
753
754 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
755
756 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
757
758 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
759
760 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
761
762 Screenshot is as below:
763
764 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
765
766
767 == 7.3 File System ==
768
769 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
770
771 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
772
773 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
774
775
776 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
777
778 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
779
780 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
781
782 **In Linux Console run:**
783
784 (((
785 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
786 )))
787
788 (((
789 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
790 )))
791
792 (((
793 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
794 )))
795
796 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
797
798
799 (((
800 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
801 )))
802
803 (((
804 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
805 )))
806
807 (((
808 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
809 )))
810
811 (((
812 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
813 )))
814
815 (((
816 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
817 )))
818
819 (((
820 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
821 )))
822
823 (((
824 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
825 )))
826
827 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
828
829
830 = 9. FAQ =
831
832 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
833
834 See below link for how to customize frequency band:
835
836 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
837
838
839 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
840
841 Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
842
843
844 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
845
846 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
847
848 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
849
850
851 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
852
853 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
854
855
856 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
857
858 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
859
860 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
861
862 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
863
864 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
865
866 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
867
868 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
869
870 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
871
872 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
873
874 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
875
876 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
877
878
879 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
880
881 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
882
883 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
884
885
886 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
887
888 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
889
890 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
891
892 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
893
894
895 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
896
897 ~1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
898
899 2. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
900 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
901 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
902
903 As below photo:
904
905 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
906
907 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
908
909 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
910
911
912 = 11. Order Info =
913
914 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
915
916 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
917
918 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
919 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %): valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
920
921 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
922
923 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %): EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
924 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %): North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
925 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
926 * (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %): Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
927
928 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
929
930
931 = 12. Packing Info =
932
933 **Package Includes**:
934
935 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
936 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
937 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
938
939 **Dimension and weight**:
940
941 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
942 * Weight: 187g
943 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
944 * Weight: 300g
945 *
946
947 = 13. Support =
948
949 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].
950 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
951 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
952 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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