Wiki source code of DLOS8N

Version 68.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/05/13 16:46
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Xiaoling 50.3 1
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Xiaoling 67.2 3 (% style="text-align:center" %)
4 [[image:1652409757234-446.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 5
6
7
8 **DLOS8N Outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway User Manual**
9
10
11 Table of Contents
12
Xiaoling 67.2 13 {{toc/}}
Xiaoling 50.3 14
15
16
17
18 = 1. Introduction =
19
20 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
21
22 The DLOS8N is (% class="mark" %)an open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%). It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
23
24 DLOS8N (% class="mark" %)supports Semtech packet forwarder(%%) and (% class="mark" %)LoRaWAN Station connection(%%), it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a(% class="mark" %) SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator(%%).
25
26 DLOS8N has (% class="mark" %)pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands(%%) to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
27
28 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
29
30 DLOS8N supports (% class="mark" %)auto-provision(%%) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
31
Xiaoling 67.2 32 [[image:1652411526195-923.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 33
34
35 == 1.2 Specifications ==
36
37 **Hardware System:**
38
39 Linux Part:
40
41 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
42 * 64MB RAM
43 * 16MB Flash
44
45 **Interface:**
46
47 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
48 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
49 * LoRaWAN Wireless
50 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
51 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
52 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
53 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
54 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
55
56 **WiFi Spec:**
57
58 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
59 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
60 * Tx power:
61 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
62 ** 11b tx power: 18db
63 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
64 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
65 * Wifi Sensitivity
66 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
67 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
68
69 **LoRa Spec:**
70
71 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
72 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
73 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
74 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
75 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
76 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
77 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
78 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
79
80 **Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
81
82 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
83 * Standard Size SIM Slot
84 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
85 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
86 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
87 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
88
89 **Power over Ethernet:**
90
91 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
92 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
93 * Thermal cut off.
94 * Short circuit protection.
95 * Over current protection
96 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
97 * Enhanced surge protection
98
99 == 1.3 Features ==
100
101 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
102 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
103 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
104 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
105 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
106 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
107 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
108 * Far seeing LED indicator
109 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
110 * External fiber glass antenna
111 * Auto-Provision
112 * Remote Monitoring
113 * 802.3af PoE
114 * IP65
115 * Lighting Protection
116 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
117
118 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
119
Xiaoling 67.2 120 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="425" width="732"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 121
122
123 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
124
Xiaoling 67.2 125 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 126
127
128 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
129
Xiaoling 67.2 130 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 131
132
133 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
134
135 (((
136 (((
137 * (((
138 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
139 )))
140 )))
141
142 * (((
143 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
144 )))
145 * (((
146 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn’t have Internet connection.
147 )))
148 )))
149
150
151 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
152
153 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
154
Xiaoling 67.2 155 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 156
157
158 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
159
160 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
161
162 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
163
164 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
165
Xiaoling 67.2 166 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 167
168
169 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
170
Xiaoling 67.2 171 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 172
173 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
174
175 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
176
177
178 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
179
Xiaoling 67.2 180 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 181
182
183 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router’s management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
184
185
186 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
187
Xiaoling 67.2 188 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 189
190
191 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
192
193
194 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
195
196 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] for access if user doesn’t connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>path:#_I_configured_LPS8]] to see how to configure.
197
198
199 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
200
201 **Web Interface**
202
203 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
204
205 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
206
207 or
208
209 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
210
211
212 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
213
214 The account details for Web Login are:
215
216 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
217
218 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
219
Xiaoling 67.2 220 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 221
222
223
224
225 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
226
227 == 3.1 Overview ==
228
229 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
230
231 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
232 * **WiFi Client Mode**
233 * **WiFi AP Mode**
234 * **Cellular Mode**
235
236 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
237
238 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N’s WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
239
Xiaoling 67.2 240 [[image:1652420169255-959.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 241
242
243 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
244
245 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
246
247 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
248
Xiaoling 67.2 249 [[image:1652420327792-211.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 250
251
252 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
253
254
255 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
256
257 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
258
259
260 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
261
Xiaoling 67.2 262 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 263
264
Xiaoling 67.2 265 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="450" width="766"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 266
267
268 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
269
270
271 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
272
Xiaoling 67.2 273 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 274
275 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
276
277
278 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
279
280 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
281
Xiaoling 67.2 282 * GREEN Tick ​​​​[[image:1652421151598-130.png||height="23" width="24"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
283 * Yellow Tick  [[image:1652421168047-470.png||height="22" width="21"]] : This interface has IP address but don’t use it for internet connection.
284 * RED Cross   [[image:1652421179500-890.png||height="24" width="27"]] : This interface doesn’t connected.
Xiaoling 50.3 285
Xiaoling 67.2 286 [[image:1652421351382-793.png||height="339" width="765"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 287
288
289 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
290
291 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
292
Xiaoling 67.2 293 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 294
295 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
296
297 [[T>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]heThingsNetwork v3(T[[TN>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]] v3[[)>>url:http://)]][[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
298
299
300 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
301
302 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
303
304 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
305
Xiaoling 67.2 306 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 307
308 The example gateway id is: a840411e96744154
309
310
311 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
312
313 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
314
Xiaoling 67.2 315 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 316
317
318 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
319
Xiaoling 67.2 320 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 321
322
323 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
324
325 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
326 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
327 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
328 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
329
330 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
331
Xiaoling 67.2 332 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 333
334 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
335
336 Open the following page:
337
Xiaoling 67.2 338 [[image:1652422470352-518.png||height="391" width="716"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 339
Xiaoling 67.2 340 [[image:1652422479876-297.png||height="398" width="729"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 341
342 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
343
344 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
345
Xiaoling 67.2 346 [[image:1652422509034-682.png||height="299" width="739"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 347
348
349 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
350
351 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
352
353 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
354
355 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
356
Xiaoling 67.2 357 [[image:1652422624783-580.png||height="327" width="729"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 358
359 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
360
361 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
362
Xiaoling 67.2 363 [[image:1652422685063-596.png||height="327" width="729"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 364
365 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
366
Xiaoling 67.2 367 [[image:1652422703020-955.png||height="343" width="730"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 368
369
370 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
371
372 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
373
Xiaoling 67.2 374 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 375
376
377 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
378
Xiaoling 67.2 379 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 380
381
382 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device
383
384 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
385
386 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
387
Xiaoling 67.2 388 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 389
390 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
391
392 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
393
394 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
395 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
396 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
397
398 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
399
Xiaoling 67.2 400 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 401
402
403 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
404
405 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
406
407 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
408
Xiaoling 67.2 409 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 410
411 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
412
413 Start Register the end device
414
Xiaoling 67.2 415 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 416
417 Select OTAA activation mode
418
419
420 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
421
Xiaoling 67.2 422 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 423
424 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
425
Xiaoling 67.2 426 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 427
428 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
429
Xiaoling 67.2 430 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 431
432 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
433
434
435 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
436
437 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
438
Xiaoling 67.2 439 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 440
441
442 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
443
444 == 5.1 Home ==
445
446 Shows the system running status.
447
Xiaoling 67.2 448 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 449
450
451 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
452
453 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
454
455 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
456
457 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
458
459 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
460 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
461
462 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
463
Xiaoling 67.2 464 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 465
466 Note *: See this instruction for how to customize frequency band:
467
468 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
469
470
471 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
472
473 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
474
475 * No internet connection.
476 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/MQTT%20Forward%20Instruction/]]).
477
478 Detail of this feature: [[Communication with ABP End Node>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Communicate%20with%20ABP%20End%20Node%20without%20LoRaWAN%20Network%20Server%20---%20LG308/]]
479
Xiaoling 67.2 480 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 481
482
483 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
484
485 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
486
487 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
488
Xiaoling 67.2 489 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 490
491 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
492
493 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
494
495 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
496
497 See :[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>http://8.211.40.43:8080/xwiki/bin/view/Main/Filter%20unwanted%20LoRaWAN%20packets/]]
498
499
500 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
501
Xiaoling 67.2 502 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 503
504 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_AWS-IoT-Core]]
505
506
507 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
508
509 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
510
511 Instruction: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
512
Xiaoling 67.2 513 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 514
515
516 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
517
518 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
519
520 Instruction:
521
522 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#MQTT_Forward_Instruction]]
523
Xiaoling 67.2 524 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 525
526
527 == 5.5 System ==
528
529 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
530
531 Shows the system info:
532
Xiaoling 67.2 533 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 534
535
536 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
537
Xiaoling 67.2 538 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 539
Xiaoling 54.2 540 **__System Password:__**
Xiaoling 50.3 541
Xiaoling 54.2 542 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
Xiaoling 50.3 543
544 This page can be used to set the password for them.
545
Xiaoling 54.2 546 (((
547
548 )))
Xiaoling 50.3 549
Xiaoling 54.2 550 **__Timezone:__**
Xiaoling 50.3 551
552 Set device timezone.
553
Xiaoling 54.2 554 (((
555
556 )))
Xiaoling 50.3 557
Xiaoling 54.2 558 **__Port forwarding:__**
Xiaoling 50.3 559
560 Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
561
562
Xiaoling 54.2 563 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
Xiaoling 50.3 564
Xiaoling 67.2 565 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 566
Xiaoling 54.2 567 **__LAN Settings:__**
Xiaoling 50.3 568
569 When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N’s own network.
570
Xiaoling 54.2 571 (((
572
573 )))
Xiaoling 50.3 574
Xiaoling 54.2 575 __**WAN Settings:**__
Xiaoling 50.3 576
577 Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
578
Xiaoling 54.2 579 (((
580
581 )))
Xiaoling 50.3 582
Xiaoling 54.2 583 __**WiFi Settings:**__
Xiaoling 50.3 584
585 Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
586
587
Xiaoling 54.2 588 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
Xiaoling 50.3 589
590 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
591
Xiaoling 67.2 592 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 593
594
Xiaoling 54.2 595 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
Xiaoling 50.3 596
597 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
598
Xiaoling 67.2 599 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 600
Xiaoling 54.2 601 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
Xiaoling 50.3 602
603
Xiaoling 59.2 604 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
Xiaoling 50.3 605
Xiaoling 67.2 606 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 607
608
Xiaoling 59.2 609 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
Xiaoling 50.3 610
611 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
612
Xiaoling 67.2 613 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 614
Xiaoling 67.2 615 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 616
Xiaoling 67.2 617 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 618
619 Please see this document for detail:
620
621 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
622
623
624 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use:
625
626 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#Remote_Access_Gateway_via_Reverse_SSH]]
627
Xiaoling 67.2 628 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 629
630
Xiaoling 66.2 631 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
Xiaoling 50.3 632
633 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
634
635 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
636
637 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
638
639 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
640
641 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
642
643
Xiaoling 66.2 644 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
Xiaoling 50.3 645
Xiaoling 66.2 646 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
Xiaoling 50.3 647
Xiaoling 67.2 648 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 649
650
651 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
652
Xiaoling 66.2 653 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
Xiaoling 50.3 654
655 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
656
Xiaoling 67.2 657 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 658
659
Xiaoling 66.2 660 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
Xiaoling 50.3 661
Xiaoling 66.2 662 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
Xiaoling 50.3 663
Xiaoling 66.2 664 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
Xiaoling 50.3 665
Xiaoling 66.2 666 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
Xiaoling 50.3 667
668
Xiaoling 66.2 669 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
Xiaoling 50.3 670
Xiaoling 67.2 671 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 672
673
Xiaoling 66.2 674 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
Xiaoling 50.3 675
Xiaoling 67.2 676 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 677
678 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
679
680
Xiaoling 66.2 681 == 5.6 LogRead ==
Xiaoling 50.3 682
Xiaoling 66.2 683 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
Xiaoling 50.3 684
Xiaoling 67.2 685 [[image:1652430356784-567.png||height="325" width="730"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 686
687 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
688
689
Xiaoling 66.2 690 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
Xiaoling 50.3 691
692 Show the system log
693
Xiaoling 67.2 694 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
Xiaoling 50.3 695
696
Xiaoling 66.2 697 = 6. More features =
Xiaoling 50.3 698
Xiaoling 66.2 699 == 6.1 More instructions ==
Xiaoling 50.3 700
701 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Main_Page#LoRa.2FLoRaWAN_Gateway_Instruction]]
702
703
Xiaoling 66.2 704 = 7. Linux System =
Xiaoling 50.3 705
706 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
707
Xiaoling 66.2 708 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
Xiaoling 50.3 709
710 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
711
712
713 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
714
715 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
716
Xiaoling 67.3 717 User Name:      **(% style="color:green" %)root**
Xiaoling 50.3 718
Xiaoling 67.3 719 Password:         **(% style="color:green" %)dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
Xiaoling 50.3 720
721
722 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
723
724 The “logread -f” command can be used to debug how system runs.
725
Xiaoling 67.2 726 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image065.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 727
Xiaoling 67.3 728 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
Xiaoling 50.3 729
Xiaoling 67.4 730 The DLOS8N supports the **(% style="color:green" %)SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in **(% style="color:green" %)SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
Xiaoling 50.3 731
732 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
733
734 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
735
736 Screenshot is as below:
737
Xiaoling 67.2 738 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image066.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 739
Xiaoling 67.5 740 == File System ==
Xiaoling 50.3 741
742 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
743
744 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
745
746 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
747
Xiaoling 67.5 748 == Package maintenance system ==
Xiaoling 50.3 749
750 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[OPKG package maint>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[e>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[n>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ance>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]][[ system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
751
752
753 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>url:https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
754
755
756 In Linux Console run:
757
758 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**  ~/~/ to get the latest packages list
759
760 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**         ~/~/shows the available packages
761
762 **root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf **~/~/ install iperf
763
764 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
765
766
767 //root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
768
769 //Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
770
771 //Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
772
773 //Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
774
775 //Downloading //[[//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
776
777 //Configuring uclibcxx.//
778
779 //Configuring iperf.//
780
781
782 1. Upgrade Linux Firmware
783
784 1. FAQ
785 11. How can I configure for a customized frequency band?
786
787 See below link for how to customize frequency band:
788
789 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Customized_Frequency_Band_for_Gateway]]
790
791
Xiaoling 67.2 792 1.
Xiaoling 50.3 793 11. Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT?
794
795 Yes, the set up instruction is here: [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Notes_for_LORIOT]]
796
797
Xiaoling 67.2 798 1.
Xiaoling 50.3 799 11. Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code?
800
801 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
802
803 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
804
805
Xiaoling 67.2 806 1.
Xiaoling 50.3 807 11. Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands?
808
809 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
810
811
812
813
814 1. Trouble Shooting
815 11. I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix?
816
817 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
818
819
820 root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
821
822 Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
823
824 Collected errors:
825
826 ~* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
827
828 *      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
829
830 ~* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
831
832
833 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
834
835 Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
836
837
Xiaoling 67.2 838 1.
Xiaoling 50.3 839 11. How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes
840
841 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:
842
843 [[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=Recover_Gateway]]
844
845
846
847
848
Xiaoling 67.2 849 1.
Xiaoling 50.3 850 11. I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now?
851
Xiaoling 67.2 852 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.png]]
Xiaoling 50.3 853
854 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
855
856 (Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page)
857
858
859 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
860
861 1. Connect PC’s Ethernet port to DLOS8N’s WAN port
862 1. Configure PC’s Ethernet port has
863 IP: 172.31.255.253 and
864 Netmask: 255.255.255.252
865
866 As below photo:
867
Xiaoling 67.2 868 [[image:file:///C:/Users/93456/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image068.jpg]]
Xiaoling 50.3 869
870 1. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
871
872 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
873
874
875
876 1. Order Info
877
878 **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//:**
879
880 **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
881
882 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
883 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
884
885 **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
886
887 * **E**: EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
888 * **A**: North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
889 * **AU**: Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
890 * **J**: Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
891
892 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
893
894
895
896
897 1. Packing Info
898
899 **Package Includes**:
900
901 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
902 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
903 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
904
905 **Dimension and weight**:
906
907 * Device Size: 12 x 12 x 3 cm
908 * Weight: 187g
909 * Package Size: 14.5 x 13.5 x 6 cm
910 * Weight: 300g
911
912 1. Support
913
914 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>url:http://wiki.dragino.com/]].
915 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
916 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
917 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:
918
919 [[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]

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