Version 111.1 by Xiaoling on 2022/07/06 14:43
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13 **Table of Contents：**
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15 {{toc/}}
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27
28 = 1. Introduction =
29
30 == 1.1 What is the DLOS8N ==
31
32
33 (((
34 The DLOS8N is an** (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)open source outdoor LoRaWAN Gateway(%%)**(% style="color:#4f81bd" %). (% style="color:black" %)It lets you bridge LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi, Ethernet, 3G or 4G cellular. The LoRa wireless allows users to send data and reach extremely long ranges at low data-rates.
35 )))
36
37 (((
38 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Semtech packet forwarder** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**LoRaWAN Station connection**, (% style="color:black" %)it is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. DLOS8N includes a (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**SX1302 LoRaWAN concentrator.**
39 )))
40
41 (((
42 DLOS8N has (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**pre-configured standard LoRaWAN frequency bands** (% style="color:black" %)to use for different countries.User can also customize the frequency bands to use in their own LoRaWAN network.
43 )))
44
45 (((
46 DLOS8N can communicate with ABP LoRaWAN end node without LoRaWAN server. System integrator can use it to integrate with their existing IoT Service without set up own LoRaWAN server or use 3rd party LoRaWAN service.
47 )))
48
49 (((
50 DLOS8N supports (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**auto-provision** (% style="color:black" %) for mass deployment and long term maintain. System intergrator can easily change the settings.
51
52
53 )))
54
55 [[image:1652411526195-923.png||height="494" width="731"]]
56
57
58 == 1.2 Specifications ==
59
60
61 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Hardware System:**
62
63 (((
64 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Linux Part:**
65 )))
66
67 * 400Mhz ar9331 processor
68 * 64MB RAM
69 * 16MB Flash
70
71 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Interface:**
72
73 * 10M/100M RJ45 Ports x 1
74 * WiFi : 802.11 b/g/n
75 * LoRaWAN Wireless
76 * Power Input: 12 ~~ 24 V DC, 2 A
77 * IEEE 802.3 af compliant PoE port (DC 37  ~~ 57 v)
78 * USB 2.0 host connector x 1
79 * Mini-PCI E connector x 1
80 * SX1302 + 2 x SX1250
81
82 (% style="color:#037691" %)**WiFi Spec:**
83
84 * IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
85 * Frequency Band: 2.4 ~~ 2.462GHz
86 * Tx power:
87 ** 11n tx power : mcs7/15: 11db     mcs0 : 17db
88 ** 11b tx power: 18db
89 ** 11g 54M tx power: 12db
90 ** 11g 6M tx power: 18db
91 * Wifi Sensitivity
92 ** 11g 54M : -71dbm
93 ** 11n 20M : -67dbm
94
95 (% style="color:#037691" %)**LoRa Spec:**
96
97 * Up to -140 dBm sensitivity with SX1250 Tx/Rx front-end
98 * 70 dB CW interferer rejection at 1 MHz offset
99 * Able to operate with negative SNR, CCR up to 9dB
100 * Emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators and 1 x (G)FSK demodulator
101 * Dual digital TX & RX radio front-end interfaces
102 * 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths
103 * Dynamic data-rate (DDR) adaptation
104 * True antenna diversity or simultaneous dual-band operation
105
106 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Cellular 4G LTE (optional):**
107
108 * Quectel: [[**EC25 LTE module**>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25minipcie.htm]]
109 * Standard Size SIM Slot
110 * 2 x 4G Sticker Antenna.
111 * Up to 150Mbps downlink and 50Mbps uplink data rates
112 * Worldwide LTE,UMTS/HSPA+ and GSM/GPRS/EDGE coverage
113 * MIMO technology meets demands for data rate and link reliability in modem wireless communication systems
114
115 (% style="color:#037691" %)**Power over Ethernet:**
116
117 * IEEE 802.3af compliant.
118 * Support wide input voltage range  37Vdc to 57Vdc.
119 * Thermal cut off.
120 * Short circuit protection.
121 * Over current protection
122 * Isolation level 4 KVrms.
123 * Enhanced surge protection
124
125 == 1.3 Features ==
126
127 * Open Source Embedded Linux system
128 * Managed by Web GUI, SSH via LAN or WiFi
129 * Support Semtech UDP packet forwarder
130 * Support LoRaWAN Station Connection
131 * Cellular Failover conntection(option)
132 * Direct Communication to LoRaWAN ABP Node
133 * LoRaWAN packet filtering
134 * Far seeing LED indicator
135 * Built-in GPS module for location & timing
136 * External fiber glass antenna
137 * Auto-Provision
138 * Remote Monitoring
139 * 802.3af PoE
140 * IP65
141 * Lighting Protection
142 * Power Consumption:12v ,300-500mA
143
144 == 1.4 Hardware System Structure ==
145
146 [[image:1652411641871-482.png||height="416" width="716"]]
147
148
149 == 1.5 DLOS8N Applications ==
150
151 [[image:1652411671209-920.png||height="618" width="650"]]
152
153
154 == 1.6 LED Indicators ==
155
156 [[image:1652411720670-489.png]]
157
158
159 There is a waterproof triple color LED on DLOS8N enclosure, the meaning of the LED is:
160
161 (((
162 (((
163 * (((
164 (% style="color:green" %)**SOLID GREEN**: (% style="color:black" %)DLOS8N is alive with LoRaWAN server connection.
165 )))
166 )))
167
168 * (((
169 (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**:(% style="color:black" %) a) Device has internet connection but no LoRaWAN Connection.  or b) Device is in booting stage, in this stage, it will (% style="color:green" %)**BLINKING GREEN**(% style="color:black" %) for several seconds and then (% style="color:red" %)**RED** (% style="color:black" %)and (% style="color:#ffc000" %)**YELLOW** (% style="color:black" %)will blink together.
170 )))
171 * (((
172 (% style="color:red" %)**SOLID RED**: (% style="color:black" %)Device doesn't have Internet connection.
173
174
175
176 )))
177 )))
178
179 == 1.7 WiFi Direction ==
180
181 DLOS8N use directional WiFi Antenna. The best direction is as below:
182
183 [[image:1652412859663-161.png||height="341" width="333"]]
184
185
186 = 2. Access and Configure DLOS8N =
187
188 The DLOS8N is configured as a WiFi Access Point by default. User can access and configure the DLOS8N after connecting to its WiFi network, or via its Ethernet port.
189
190
191 == 2.1 Find IP address of DLOS8N ==
192
193 === 2.1.1 Connect via WiFi ===
194
195 [[image:1652412985720-934.png]]
196
197 At the first boot of DLOS8N, it will auto generate a WiFi network called (% style="color:green" %)**//dragino-xxxxxx //**(% style="color:black" %)with password:
198
199 [[image:1652413127647-377.png]]
200
201 (% style="background-color:#ffffcc" %)dragino+dragino
202
203 (((
204 User can use a PC to connect to this WiFi network. The PC will get an IP address 10.130.1.xxx and the DLOS8N has the default IP (% style="color:green" %)10.130.1.1
205
206
207 )))
208
209 === 2.1.2 Connect via Ethernet with DHCP IP from router ===
210
211 [[image:1652414114583-532.png]]
212
213
214 (((
215 Alternatively, connect the DLOS8N Ethernet port to your router and DLOS8N will obtain an IP address from your router. In the router's management portal, you should be able to find what IP address the router has assigned to the DLOS8N. You can also use this IP to connect.
216
217
218 )))
219
220 === 2.1.3 Connect via WiFi with DHCP IP from router ===
221
222 [[image:1652414137639-956.png]]
223
224
225 If the DLOS8N already connect to the router via WiFi, use can use the WiFi IP to connect to DLOS8N.
226
227
228 === 2.1.4 Connect via Ethernet with fall back ip ===
229
230 The WAN port also has a [[fall back ip address>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] for access if user doesn't connect to uplink router. Click [[here>>||anchor="H10.3IconfiguredDLOS8NforWiFiaccessandlostitsIP.Whattodonow3F"]] to see how to configure.
231
232
233 == 2.2 Access Configure Web UI ==
234
235 **Web Interface**
236
237 Open a browser on the PC and type the DLOS8N ip address (depends on your connect method)
238
239 [[http:~~/~~/10.130.1.1/>>url:http://10.130.1.1/]] (Access via WiFi AP network)
240
241 or
242
243 http:~/~/IP_ADDRESS or [[http:~~/~~/ IP_ADDRESS:8000>>url:http://192.168.1.xx:8000]]
244
245
246 You will see the login interface of DLOS8N as shown below.
247
248 The account details for Web Login are:
249
250 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**User Name: root**
251
252 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Password:   dragino**
253
254 [[image:1652414287022-223.png]]
255
256
257 = 3. Typical Network Setup =
258
259 == 3.1 Overview ==
260
261 The DLOS8N supports flexible network set up for different environments. This section describes the typical network topology. The network set up includes:
262
263 * **WAN Port Internet Mode**
264 * **WiFi Client Mode**
265 * **WiFi AP Mode**
266 * **Cellular Mode**
267
268
269 == 3.2 Use WAN port to access Internet ==
270
271 By default, the DLOS8N is set to use the WAN port to connect to an upstream network. When you connect the DLOS8N's WAN port to an upstream router, DLOS8N will get an IP address from the router and have Internet access via the upstream router. The network status can be checked in the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home page**:
272
273 [[image:1657089235431-309.png]]
274
275
276 == 3.3 Access the Internet as a WiFi Client ==
277
278 In the WiFi Client Mode, DLOS8N acts as a WiFi client and gets DHCP from an upstream router via WiFi.
279
280 (((
281 The settings for WiFi Client is under page (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System~-~-> WiFi ~-~-> WiFi WAN Client Settings**
282 )))
283
284 [[image:1657089014716-109.png]]
285
286 (((
287 In the WiFi Survey Choose the WiFi AP, and input the Passphrase then click Save & Apply to connect.
288
289
290 )))
291
292 == 3.4 Access the Internet via Cellular ==
293
294 If the DLOS8N support 3G/4G Cellular modem option, When the label on the shell is displayed as Model : DLOS8N-EC25, it indicates that DLOS8 already has EC25 3G/4G modules,user can use it as main internet connection or back up.
295
296 (((
297 First, release the four screws of DLOS8N, pull out PCB and install SIM card as below:
298 )))
299
300 [[image:1652420606018-181.png]]
301
302
303 (((
304 [[image:1652420718132-929.png||height="427" width="727"]]
305 )))
306
307 (((
308 The set up page is (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**System ~-~-> Cellular**
309 )))
310
311 (((
312 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
313 )))
314
315 (((
316 [[image:1652421032117-341.png||height="329" width="752"]]
317 )))
318
319 (% style="color:red" %)**Note** *: For DLOS8N which doesn’t have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
320
321
322 == 3.5 Check Internet connection ==
323
324 In the (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**home**(%%) page, we can check the Internet connection.
325
326 * GREEN Tick ​​​​ [[image:1652436675869-206.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface has Internet connection.
327 * Yellow  Tick  [[image:1652436705761-420.png||height="15" width="15"]] : This interface has IP address but don't use it for internet connection.
328 * RED Cross    [[image:1652436787176-950.png||height="14" width="15"]] : This interface doesn't connected.
329
330 [[image:1657089302970-101.png]]
331
332
333 = 4. Example: Configure as a LoRaWAN gateway =
334
335 DLOS8N is fully compatible with LoRaWAN protocol. It uses the legacy Semtech Packet forwarder to forward the LoRaWAN packets to server. The structure is as below.
336
337 (((
338 [[image:image-20220513140429-1.png||height="565" width="824"]]
339 )))
340
341 This chapter describes how to use the DLOS8Nto work with
342
343 TheThingsNetwork v3(TTN v3)[[ LoRaWAN Server>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]]  ([[www.thethingsnetwork.org>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]])
344
345
346 == 4.1 Create a gateway in TTN V3 Server ==
347
348 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1: Get a Unique gateway ID.**
349
350 (((
351 Every DLOS8N has a unique gateway id. The ID can be found at LoRaWAN page:
352 )))
353
354 (((
355 [[image:1652421929753-168.png||height="403" width="739"]]
356 )))
357
358 The example gateway id is: **a840411e96744154**
359
360 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2: Sign up a user account in TTN server**
361
362 [[**https:~~/~~/account.thethingsnetwork.org/register**>>url:https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/register]]
363
364 [[image:1652422127479-258.png||height="346" width="738"]]
365
366 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 3: Choose the TTNv3 Cluster Picker**
367
368 (((
369 [[image:1652422142236-792.png||height="356" width="737"]]
370 )))
371
372 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: Choose the cluster corresponds to a specific Gateway server address**
373
374 * Europe 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address: (% style="color:black" %)eu1.cloud.thethings.network
375 * North America 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)nam1.cloud.thethings.network
376 * Australia 1 (% style="color:red" %)corresponding Gateway server address:** **(% style="color:black" %)au1.cloud.thethings.network
377 * Legacy V2 Console : (% style="color:red" %)TTN v2 shuts down in December 2021
378
379 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 4: Create a Gateway**
380
381 [[image:1652422440891-514.png||height="360" width="747"]]
382
383 Click the Gateway icon and then click Add gateway.
384
385 Open the following page:
386
387 [[image:1657089352139-443.png]]
388
389
390 [[image:1657089363403-611.png]]
391
392
393 (((
394 (% style="color:red" %)**Notice: **Gateway Server address must match the gateway configuration, otherwise you will have problem for End Node to join the network.
395 )))
396
397 After creating the gateway, you can see the gateway info, as below.
398
399 [[image:1657089571089-281.png]]
400
401
402 == 4.2 Configure DLOS8N to connect to TTN v3 ==
403
404 (((
405 You can now configure the DLOS8N to let it connect to TTN network V3.
406 )))
407
408 (((
409 Make sure your DLOS8N has a working Internet Connection first.
410 )))
411
412 (((
413 Choose the right server provider and click (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Save&Apply**
414 )))
415
416 [[image:1657089586062-302.png]]
417
418
419 (% style="color:red" %)**Note: **The server address must match the Gateway server address you choose in TTN V3.
420
421 In the home page, we can see the LoRaWAN connection is ready now.
422
423 [[image:1657089615405-484.png]]
424
425
426 In TTN v3 portal, we can also see the gateway is connected.
427
428 [[image:1657089753667-298.png]]
429
430
431 == 4.3 Configure frequency ==
432
433 We also need to set the frequency plan in DLOS8N to match the end node we use, so to receive the LoRaWAN packets from the LoRaWAN sensor.
434
435 [[image:1652422737399-529.png||height="362" width="737"]]
436
437
438 In logread page, user can check the frequency actually used.
439
440 [[image:1652422763536-750.png||height="514" width="730"]]
441
442
443 == 4.4 Add a LoRaWAN End Device ==
444
445 (((
446 This section shows how to add a LoRaWAN End device to a LoRaWAN network and see the data from TTN web site.
447 )))
448
449 (((
450 We use [[LT-22222-L>>url:http://www.dragino.com/products/lora-lorawan-end-node/item/156-lt-22222-l.html]] IO Controller as a reference device - the setup for other LoRaWAN devices will be similar.
451 )))
452
453 [[image:1652422794767-871.png]]
454
455 (((
456 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 1**: (% style="color:black" %)Create a Device definition in TTN v3 with the OTAA keys from the example LT-22222-L IO Controller device.
457 )))
458
459 (((
460 Three codes are required to define the device in TTN v3:
461 )))
462
463 * DEV EUI - Unique ID code for a particular device.
464 * APP EUI - ID code for an Application defined in TTN v3.
465 * APP Key - Unique key to secure communications with a particular device.
466
467 (((
468
469
470 A set of these codes are stored in each device by the manufacturer as the default codes for that particular device. Each device is shipped with a sticker with the default Device EUI as shown below.
471 )))
472
473 [[image:1652422840936-838.png]]
474
475 (((
476 (% style="color:red" %)Note: You may be able to change these codes in a device by using a configuration facility on the device e.g. the LT-22222 uses a serial port access and a series of AT commands.  Changing the codes may be necessary in the case where you have to use codes assigned by a LoRa WAN server.
477 )))
478
479 (((
480 For the TTN v3 server, you can use the codes set in the device as in the following example.
481 )))
482
483 (((
484 Select **Add Application** to open the screen below.
485 )))
486
487 [[image:1652422946999-255.png||height="356" width="744"]]
488
489 Open the **Application **select** Add end device**
490
491 Start Register the end device
492
493 [[image:1652422975885-591.png||height="359" width="726"]]
494
495 (((
496 Select OTAA activation mode
497 )))
498
499 (((
500 The LoRaWAN version for your device should be provided by the manufacturer in a datasheet as LoRaWAN version or LoRaWAN specification. The most commonly used LoRaWAN versions are v1.0.2 and v1.0.3.
501 )))
502
503 [[image:1652422998005-968.png||height="352" width="744"]]
504
505
506 First, input the End device ID, AppEUI and DevEUI.
507
508 [[image:1652423022781-339.png||height="365" width="741"]]
509
510
511 Secondly, choose the corresponding frequency and LoRaWAN class capabilities.
512
513 [[image:1652423046741-467.png||height="355" width="736"]]
514
515
516 (((
517 Finally, Application layer settings input the corresponding AppKey. Before saving the configuration, check that the data matches the device.
518
519
520 )))
521
522 (((
523 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**Step 2**: (% style="color:black" %)Power on LT-22222-L device and it will automatically join the TTN network. After joining successfully, it will start to upload messages to the TTN v3. Select the Live data tab and you will see the data appearing in the panel.
524 )))
525
526 (((
527 (% style="color:red" %)Note that it may take some time for the device data to appear in the TTN v3 display.
528 )))
529
530 [[image:1652423277549-324.png||height="273" width="745"]]
531
532
533 = 5. Web Configure Pages =
534
535 == 5.1 Home ==
536
537 Shows the system running status.
538
539 [[image:1652423418568-752.png||height="329" width="724"]]
540
541
542 == 5.2 LoRa Settings ==
543
544 === 5.2.1 LoRa ~-~-> LoRa ===
545
546 (((
547 This page shows the LoRa Radio Settings. There are a set of default frequency band according to LoRaWAN protocol, and user can customized the band* as well.
548 )))
549
550 (((
551 Different DLOS8N hardware version can support different frequency range:
552 )))
553
554 * **868**: valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
555 * **915**: valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
556
557 (((
558 After user choose the frequency plan, he can see the actually frequency in used by checking the page **LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log**
559 )))
560
561 [[image:1652423554776-574.png||height="380" width="740"]]
562
563 Note *: **[[See this instruction for how to customize frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
564
565
566 === 5.2.2 LoRa ~-~-> ABP Decryption ===
567
568 The DLOS8N can communicate with LoRaWAN ABP End Node without the need of LoRaWAN server. It can be used in some cases such as:
569
570 * No internet connection.
571 * User wants to get data forward in gateway and forward to their server based on MQTT/HTTP, etc. (Combine ABP communication method and [[MQTT forward together>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]).
572
573 (((
574 Detail of this feature: **[[Communication with ABP End Node>>doc:Main.Communicate with ABP End Node without LoRaWAN Network Server --- LG308.WebHome]]**
575 )))
576
577 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
578
579
580 == 5.3 LoRaWAN Settings ==
581
582 === 5.3.1 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LoRaWAN ===
583
584 This page is for the connection set up to a general LoRaWAN Network server such as: [[TTN>>url:http://www.thethingsnetwork.org/]], [[ChirpStack>>url:https://www.chirpstack.io/]] etc
585
586 [[image:1652423628833-467.png||height="357" width="755"]]
587
588 (% style="color:red" %)**Note:**
589
590 ~*: User can ignore the latitude and longitude settings here, DLOS8N will use the actually value from GPS module.
591
592 ~**: Packet filter is to drop the unwanted LoRaWAN packet, instruction see here:
593
594 **See:** **[[Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]**
595
596
597 === 5.3.2 LoRaWAN ~-~-> Amazon AWS-IoT ===
598
599 [[image:1652428499323-384.png||height="275" width="723"]]
600
601
602 (((
603 Please see this instruction to know more detail and demo for how to connect to **[[AWS-IoT LoRaWAN Core>>doc:Main.AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN.WebHome]].**
604
605
606 )))
607
608 === 5.3.3 LoRaWAN ~-~-> LORIOT ===
609
610 (((
611 Settings to communicate to LORIOT LoRaWAN Network Server: [[https:~~/~~/www.loriot.io/>>url:https://www.loriot.io/]]
612 )))
613
614 (((
615 Instruction: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
616 )))
617
618 [[image:1652428648903-878.png||height="266" width="731"]]
619
620
621 == 5.4 MQTT Settings ==
622
623 If end nodes works in ABP mode, user can configure DLOS8N to transfer the data to MQTT broker,
624
625 Instruction: **[[MQTT Forward Instruction>>doc:Main.MQTT Forward Instruction.WebHome]]**
626
627
628 [[image:1652428705046-212.png||height="417" width="733"]]
629
630
631 == 5.5 System ==
632
633 === 5.5.1 System ~-~-> System Overview ===
634
635 Shows the system info:
636
637 [[image:1652428773760-580.png||height="408" width="728"]]
638
639
640 === 5.5.2 System ~-~-> General ( login settings) ===
641
642 [[image:1652428861256-300.png||height="354" width="724"]]
643
644 (((
645 **__System Password:__**
646 )))
647
648 (((
649 There are two login for DLOS8N: (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)root /dragino (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)admin /dragino. (% style="color:black" %)Both root and admin has the same right for WEB access. But root user has also the right to access via SSH to Linux system. admin only able to access WEB interface.
650 )))
651
652 (((
653 This page can be used to set the password for them.
654 )))
655
656 (((
657 **__Timezone: __**Set device timezone.
658 )))
659
660 (((
661 **__Port forwarding: __**Enable/Disable the HTTP and SSH access via WAN interface.
662
663
664 )))
665
666 === 5.5.3 System ~-~-> Network ===
667
668 [[image:1652429149053-824.png||height="467" width="725"]]
669
670 (((
671 **__LAN Settings:  __**When the DLOS8N has the AP enable, LAN settings specify the network info for DLOS8N's own network.
672 )))
673
674 (((
675 __**WAN Settings: **__Setting for DLOS8N WAN port
676 )))
677
678 (((
679 __**WiFi Settings:  **__Setting for DLOS8N WiFi IP when use it as WiFi Client
680
681
682 )))
683
684 === 5.5.4 System ~-~-> WiFi ===
685
686 DLOS8N WiFi Settings.
687
688 [[image:1652429430767-921.png||height="367" width="723"]]
689
690
691 === 5.5.5 System ~-~-> Cellular ===
692
693 While use the cellular as Backup WAN, device will use Cellular for internet connection while WAN port or WiFi is not valid and switch back to WAN port or WiFi after they recover.
694
695 [[image:1652429309615-825.png||height="320" width="732"]]
696
697 (% style="color:red" %)Note *: For DLOS8N which doesn't have the cellular module, this page will shows Cellular not detected.
698
699
700 === 5.5.6 System ~-~-> Network Status ===
701
702 [[image:1652429486609-208.png||height="415" width="728"]]
703
704
705 === 5.5.7 System ~-~-> Remote Mgnt & Auto Provision ===
706
707 Auto Provision is the feature for batch configure and remote management. It can be used in below two cases:
708
709 [[image:1652429518191-846.png||height="332" width="733"]]
710
711 [[image:1652429527544-247.png||height="327" width="724"]]
712
713 [[image:1652429537849-154.png||height="339" width="722"]]
714
715 Please see this document for detail:
716
717 (((
718 [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LPS8/Firmware/Application_Note/&file=Auto-update-feature.pdf]]
719 )))
720
721
722 R-SSH is for remote access device and management, introduction for how to use: **[[Remote Access Gateway>>doc:Main.Remote Access Gateway.WebHome]]**
723
724 [[image:1652429624400-864.png||height="432" width="716"]]
725
726
727 === 5.5.8 System ~-~-> Firmware Upgrade ===
728
729 We keep improving the DLOS8N Linux side firmware for new features and bug fixes. Below are the links for reference.
730
731 * **Latest firmware**: [[LoRa Gateway Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]],
732
733 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/]] )
734
735
736 * **Change Log**: [[Firmware Change Log>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]].
737
738 ( [[http:~~/~~/www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog>>url:http://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_Gateway/LG02-OLG02/Firmware/ChangeLog]] )
739
740
741 (((
742 The file named as (% style="color:green" %)**xxxxx–xxxxx-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin **(% style="color:black" %)is the upgrade Image. There are different methods to upgrade, as below.
743 )))
744
745 (((
746 (% style="color:green" %)**Web~-~-> System~-~-> Firmware Upgrade**
747 )))
748
749 [[image:1652429711145-862.png||height="270" width="737"]]
750
751 Select the required image and click **Flash Image.** The image will be uploaded to the device, and then click **Process Update** to upgrade.
752
753
754 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**: (% style="color:black" %)You normally need to **//uncheck//** the **Preserve Settings** checkbox when doing an upgrade to ensure that there is no conflict between the old settings and the new firmware. The new firmware will start up with its default settings.
755
756 The system will automatically boot into the new firmware after upgrade.
757
758 [[image:1652429962190-224.png||height="358" width="729"]]
759
760 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE***(%%): User can also upgrade firmware via Linux console
761
762 SCP the firmware to the system(% style="color:green" %)**/var**(%%)** **directory and then run
763
764 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %)**//root@OpenWrt:~~# /sbin/sysupgrade –n /var/Your_Image//**
765
766 (% style="color:red" %)**NOTE**(%%) : it is important to transfer the image in the /var directory, otherwise it may exceed the available flash size.
767
768
769 === 5.5.9 System ~-~-> Reboot/Reset ===
770
771 [[image:1652430197132-330.png||height="256" width="724"]]
772
773 (((
774
775 )))
776
777 === 5.5.10 System ~-~-> Package Maintain ===
778
779 [[image:1652430243826-126.png||height="289" width="723"]]
780
781 Place to show what package has installed and possible to upgrade packages.
782
783
784 == 5.6 LogRead ==
785
786 === 5.6.1 LogRead ~-~-> LoRa Log ===
787
788
789 Show the frequency for LoRa Radio and traffics.
790
791 [[image:image-20220615204306-1.png||height="575" width="733"]]
792
793
794 Show the IoT Server Connection State and FWD State
795
796 [[image:image-20220616083933-1.png||height="556" width="729"]]
797
798 DLOS8 can view GPS location in the Logread FWD State
799
800
801 Show the Error logs, RxTxJson lorawan packages, and PULL State
802
803 [[image:image-20220615205416-6.png||height="442" width="884"]]
804
805
806 === 5.6.2 LogRead ~-~-> System Log ===
807
808 Show the system log
809
810 [[image:1652430369760-511.png||height="373" width="730"]]
811
812
813 = 6. More features =
814
815 == 6.1 More instructions ==
816
817 [[LoRaWAN Gateway Instruction>>doc:Main.WebHome]](LoRaWAN Gateway)
818
819
820 = 7. Linux System =
821
822 The DLOS8N is based on the OpenWrt Linux system. It is open source, and users are free to configure and modify the Linux settings.
823
824
825 == 7.1 SSH Access for Linux console ==
826
827 User can access the Linux console via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the DLOS8N are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
828
829 IP address:  IP address of DLOS8N
830
831 Port:         22 (via WiFi AP mode) or 2222 (via WAN Interface)
832
833 User Name:      (% style="color:green" %)**root**
834
835 Password:         (% style="color:green" %)**dragino** (% style="color:black" %)(default)
836
837 After logging in, you will be in the Linux console and can enter commands as shown below.
838
839 [[image:1652431588565-830.png]]
840
841 The “(% class="mark" %)**logread -f**(%%)” command can be used to debug how system runs.
842
843 [[image:1652431609193-637.png||height="214" width="732"]]
844
845
846 == 7.2 Edit and Transfer files ==
847
848 (((
849 The DLOS8N supports the (% style="color:green" %)**SCP protocol** (% style="color:black" %)and has a built-in (% style="color:green" %)**SFTP server**. (% style="color:black" %)There are many ways to edit and transfer files using these protocols.
850 )))
851
852 (((
853 In Windows, one of the easiest methods is using the [[WinSCP>>url:https://winscp.net/eng/index.php]] utility.
854 )))
855
856 (((
857 After establishing access via WinSCP to the device, you can use an FTP style window to drag / drop files to the DLOS8N, or edit the files directly in the windows.
858 )))
859
860 (((
861 Screenshot is as below:
862 )))
863
864 [[image:1652431650755-450.png]]
865
866
867 == 7.3 File System ==
868
869 (((
870 The DLOS8N has a 16MB flash and a 64MB RAM. The /var and /tmp directories are in the RAM, so contents stored in /tmp and /var will be erased after rebooting the device. Other directories are in the flash and will remain after reboot.
871 )))
872
873 (((
874 The Linux system uses around 8MB ~~10MB flash size which means there is not much room for user to store data in the DLOS8N flash.
875 )))
876
877 (((
878 You can use an external USB flash memory device to extend the size of flash memory for storage.
879 )))
880
881
882 == 7.4 Package maintenance system ==
883
884 DLOS8N uses the OpenWrt [[**OPKG package maintenance system**>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]. There are more than 3000+ packages available in our package server for users to install for their applications. For example, if you want to add the **//iperf //** tool, you can install the related packages and configure DLOS8N to use **//iperf //**.
885
886 (((
887 Below are some example **//opkg //** commands. For more information please refer to the [[OPKG package maintain system>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]]** **([[https:~~/~~/oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg>>https://oldwiki.archive.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg]])
888 )))
889
890 (((
891 **In Linux Console run:**
892 )))
893
894 (((
895 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg update**           (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ to get the latest packages list
896 )))
897
898 (((
899 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg list**    (% style="color:black" %) ~/~/shows the available packages
900 )))
901
902 (((
903 (% style="color:green" %)**root@dragino-169d30:~~# opkg install iperf ** (% style="color:black" %)~/~/ install iperf
904 )))
905
906 The system will automatically install the required packages as shown below.
907
908
909 (((
910 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//root@dragino-169d30:/etc/opkg# opkg install iperf//
911 )))
912
913 (((
914 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing iperf (2.0.12-1) to root…//
915 )))
916
917 (((
918 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/iperf_2.0.12-1_mips_24kc.ipk]]
919 )))
920
921 (((
922 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Installing uclibcxx (0.2.4-3) to root…//
923 )))
924
925 (((
926 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Downloading //[[(% style="background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); background-color: rgb(220, 220, 220)" %)//http:~~/~~/downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk//>>url:http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/packages/mips_24kc/base/uclibcxx_0.2.4-3_mips_24kc.ipk]]
927 )))
928
929 (((
930 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring uclibcxx.//
931 )))
932
933 (((
934 (% style="background-color:#dcdcdc" %)//Configuring iperf.//
935
936
937 )))
938
939 = 8. Upgrade Linux Firmware =
940
941
942 = 9. FAQ =
943
944 == 9.1 How can I configure for a customized frequency band? ==
945
946 (((
947 See below link for how to customize frequency band: **[[How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band>>doc:Main.How to customized LoRaWAN frequency band.WebHome]]**
948 )))
949
950 (((
951
952 )))
953
954 == 9.2 Can I connect DLOS8N to LORIOT? ==
955
956 Yes, the set up instruction is here: **[[Notes for LORIOT>>doc:Main.Notes for LORIOT.WebHome]]**
957
958
959 == 9.3 Can I make my own firmware for the gateway, where can I find the source code? ==
960
961 (((
962 Yes, You can make your own firmware for the DLOS8N for branding purposes or to add customized applications.
963 )))
964
965 (((
966 The source code and compile instructions can be found at: [[https:~~/~~/github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06>>url:https://github.com/dragino/openwrt_lede-18.06]]
967 )))
968
969
970 == 9.4 Can I use 868Mhz version for 915Mhz bands? ==
971
972 It is possible but the distance will be very short, you can select US915 frequency band in 868Mhz version hardware. It will work but you will see the performance is greatly decreased because the 868Mhz version has an RF filter for band 863~~870Mhz, all other frequencies will have high attenuation.
973
974
975 = 10. Trouble Shooting =
976
977 == 10.1 I get kernel error when install new package, how to fix? ==
978
979 In some cases, when installing a package with **//opkg//**, it will generate a kernel error such as below due to a mismatch I the kernel ID:
980
981 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)root@dragino-16c538:~~# opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk
982
983 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Installing kmod-dragino2-si3217x (3.10.49+0.2-1) to root…
984
985 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Collected errors:
986
987 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* satisfy_dependencies_for: Cannot satisfy the following dependencies for kmod-dragino2-si3217x:
988
989 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)*      kernel (= 3.10.49-1-4917516478a753314254643facdf360a) *
990
991 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)* opkg_install_cmd: Cannot install package kmod-dragino2-si3217x.
992
993 (((
994 In this case, you can use the –force-depends option to install such package as long as the actual kernel version is the same.
995 )))
996
997 (% style="background-color:yellow" %)Opkg install kmod-dragino2-si3217x_3.10.49+0.2-1_ar71xx.ipk –force-depends
998
999
1000 == 10.2 How to recover the DLOS8N if the firmware crashes ==
1001
1002 (((
1003 Please follow this instruction to recover your gateway:  **[[Recover Gateway>>doc:Main.How to Recover Gateway if can't access it.WebHome]]**
1004 )))
1005
1006 (((
1007
1008 )))
1009
1010 == 10.3 I configured DLOS8N for WiFi access and lost its IP. What to do now? ==
1011
1012 [[image:1652435238615-272.png||height="247" width="727"]]
1013
1014 (((
1015 The DLOS8N has a fall-back IP address on its WAN port. This IP is always enabled so you can use the fall-back IP to access DLOS8N no matter what the WiFi IP is. The fall back IP is useful for connecting and debug the unit.
1016 )))
1017
1018 (% style="color:red" %)Note: fallback IP can be disabled in the WAN and DHCP page.
1019
1020
1021 (((
1022 Steps to connect via fall back IP:
1023 )))
1024
1025 (((
1026 ~1. Connect PC's Ethernet port to DLOS8N's WAN port
1027 )))
1028
1029 (((
1030 2. Configure PC's Ethernet port has IP: 172.31.255.253 and Netmask: 255.255.255.252
1031 )))
1032
1033 (((
1034 As below photo:
1035 )))
1036
1037 [[image:1652435256286-879.png]]
1038
1039 3. In the PC, use IP address 172.31.255.254 to access the DLOS8N via Web or Console.
1040
1041 Please note the latest firmware uses port 8000 for http and 2222 for ssh access.
1042
1043
1044 = 11. Order Info =
1045
1046 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//PART: DLOS8N-XXX-YYY//: **
1047
1048 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//XXX: Frequency Band//**
1049
1050 * (% style="color:red" %)** 868**(% style="color:black" %) : valid frequency: 863Mhz ~~ 870Mhz. for bands EU868, RU864, IN865 or KZ865.
1051 * (% style="color:red" %)** 915**(% style="color:black" %):  valid frequency: 902Mhz ~~ 928Mhz. for bands US915, AU915, AS923 or KR920
1052
1053 (% style="color:#4f81bd" %) **//YYY: 4G Cellular Option//**
1054
1055 * (% style="color:red" %)** E**(% style="color:black" %):  EMEA, Korea, Thailand, India.
1056 * (% style="color:red" %)** A**(% style="color:black" %):  North America/ Rogers/AT&T/T-Mobile.
1057 * (% style="color:red" %)** AU**(% style="color:black" %): Latin America, New Zeland, Taiwan
1058 * (% style="color:red" %)** J**(% style="color:black" %):  Japan, DOCOMO/SoftBank/ KDDI
1059
1060 More info about valid bands, please see [[EC25-E product page>>url:https://www.quectel.com/product/ec25.htm]].
1061
1062
1063
1064 = 12. Packing Info =
1065
1066 (((
1067 **Package Includes**:
1068 )))
1069
1070 * DLOS8N LoRaWAN Gateway x 1
1071 * Stick Antenna for LoRa RF part. Frequency is one of 470 or 868 or 915Mhz depends the model ordered
1072 * Packaging with environmental protection paper box
1073
1074 (((
1075 **Dimension and weight**:
1076 )))
1077
1078 * Device Size: 26 x 9 x 8.5 cm
1079 * Weight: 450g
1080 * Package Size: 49 x 19.5 x x 19Package Size: 4912 cm
1081 * Weight: 2.5kg
1082
1083 = 13. Support =
1084
1085 * Try to see if your questions already answered in the [[wiki>>doc:Main.WebHome]].
1086 * Support is provided Monday to Friday, from 09:00 to 18:00 GMT+8.
1087 Due to different timezones we cannot offer live support. However, your questions will be answered as soon as possible in the before mentioned schedule.
1088 * Provide as much information as possible regarding your enquiry (product models, accurately describe your problem and steps to replicate it etc) and send a mail to:[[support@dragino.com>>url:file:///C:/Users/11315/Documents/D:/Projects/LoRa%20Product%20Line/LG308%20Picocell%20Gateway/LG308/LG308%20%25E8%25AF%25B4%25E6%2598%258E%25E4%25B9%25A6/support@dragino.com]]
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