Wiki source code of Cellular network connection details and tips

Version 77.1 by Jean-Philippe Gagné on 2022/11/25 02:49

version	line-number	content
71.4	1
	2
23.2	3	Table of Contents：
1.2	4
1.1	5	{{toc/}}
	6
23.2	7
	8
15.1	9	= 1. Enable Cellular Connection =
1.1	10
	11
15.1	12	//If your device has a Cellular module, you can see the below screenshot. enable the cellular connection here.//
	13
42.2	14	[[image:image-20220601110850-2.png]]
1.1	15
15.1	16	//Enable Cellular Connection//
	17
42.4	18
1.12	19	(((
15.1	20	//If your device doesn't have a cellular module, you will see a cellular module not detected.//
1.12	21	)))
1.1	22
24.2	23	[[image:image-20220527153544-2.png]]
1.1	24
	25
71.5	26
15.1	27	= 2. How to Debug if Cellular connection fails =
1.1	28
	29
15.1	30	//If there is a problem with the cellular connection. Please check the below points~://
1.1	31
	32
71.5	33
15.1	34	== 2.1 Do you order the model with a cellular option ==
	35
	36
	37	//Make sure you order the model with the cellular option. Can check by command or via the Web UI.//
	38
1.2	39	(% class="box" %)
	40	(((
15.1	41	//root@dragino-1bbd90:~~# lsusb
1.2	42	Bus 001 Device 004: ID 2c7c:0125 ~-~-> This is the Cellular module
	43	Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. Hub
15.1	44	Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub//
1.2	45	)))
1.1	46
41.2	47	[[image:image-20220601110748-1.png]]
15.1	48
6.1	49
71.5	50
15.1	51	== 2.2 Do you input the SIM card correctly ==
1.1	52
2.1	53
15.1	54	//Below command can check if you have a SIM card inserted, or via Web UI//
	55
	56	* //Make sure to Power Off when you insert the SIM card and power on the device. The device doesn't support auto-detect SIM card on power on//
	57	* //Make sure you have the correct direction to insert the SIM card. Every device has an example photo in the manual for the direction.//
	58
1.2	59	(% class="box" %)
	60	(((
15.1	61	//root@dragino-1dadd8:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyUSB3
1.2	62	SIM ready
	63	Waiting for Registration..(120 sec max)
6.1	64	Registered on Home network: "CHN-UNICOM",7
15.1	65	Signal Quality: 10,99//
1.2	66	)))
	67
15.1	68
11.1	69	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
27.2	70	[[image:image-20220527153804-4.png]]
14.1	71
15.1	72
14.1	73	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
71.4	74	//(% style="color:red" %)Note:(%%)(% style="color:red" %) If the icon is missing some information, like SIM, Network, or Signal, which may be due to the display bug.//
14.1	75
	76	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
15.1	77	//Please check the IP address is displayed and the Internet displays "OK", it works properly.//
6.1	78
11.1	79	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
27.2	80	[[image:image-20220527153827-5.png]]
11.1	81
27.3	82
71.5	83
18.1	84	== 2.3 Check dialing info ==
1.2	85
71.5	86
16.1	87	//run "logread -f" in gateway CLI。//
1.2	88
	89	(% class="box" %)
	90	(((
	91	Fri Feb 7 01:20:28 2020 daemon.notice pppd[29452]: pppd 2.4.7 started by root, uid 0
	92	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: Ping WAN
	93	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: Default interface is
	94	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 user.notice iot_keep_alive: No internet at any interface
	95	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (BUSY)
	96	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
	97	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: abort on (ERROR)
	98	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: report (CONNECT)
	99	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: timeout set to 10 seconds
	100	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (AT&F^M)
	101	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	102	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: AT&F^M^M
	103	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	104	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	105	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (ATE1^M)
	106	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	107	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	108	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ATE1^M^M
	109	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	110	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	111	Fri Feb 7 01:20:29 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP",""^M)
	112	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: timeout set to 30 seconds
	113	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (OK)
	114	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	115	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP",""^M^M
	116	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: OK
	117	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
27.3	118	(% style="color:#037691" %)*Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send (ATD99#^M) ~-~-~-~--> In case the dialling process already reach here.
	119	Normally the problem is with a provider, need to check if the SIM card has balance or other requirement from the cellular operator**(%%)
1.4	120	(% style="color:black" %)Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: expect (CONNECT)
1.2	121	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ^M
	122	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ATD*99#^M^M
	123	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: CONNECT
	124	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: ~-~- got it
	125	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 local2.info chat[29485]: send ( ^M)
	126	Fri Feb 7 01:20:30 2020 daemon.info pppd[29452]: Serial connection established.
	127	)))
	128
65.1	129
71.5	130
64.1	131	== 2.4 If the following situation occurs, how can users solve this problem? ==
27.4	132
64.1	133
67.1	134	=== 2.4.1 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
64.1	135
	136
	137	//Users can check whether the APN matched by the SIM card is correct.//
	138
	139	//Regarding what APN your SIM card should use, Users can search for the APN corresponding to the SIM card by Google or ask the carrier.//
	140
71.5	141
64.1	142	[[image:image-20220718155937-1.png\|\|height="562" width="497"]]
	143
	144
71.5	145
67.1	146	=== 2.4.2 The gateway can read the SIM card, But the Internet is displayed as Fail, and at the same time Network displays the carrier network. ===
64.1	147
	148
	149	//It should be SIM card no flow, users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.//
	150
71.5	151
64.1	152	[[image:1658131428288-728.png\|\|height="538" width="494"]]
	153
	154
71.5	155
67.1	156	=== 2.4.3 The gateway can't read the SIM card, and the Internet is displayed as Fail. ===
64.1	157
	158
	159	//Users need to check whether the SIM card type is suitable for the EC25 module.//
	160
71.5	161
64.1	162	[[image:1658131612484-845.png\|\|height="549" width="499"]]
	163
	164
71.5	165
67.1	166	=== *2.4.4 SIM display：~~*SIM ERROR~~ Check SIM is inserted test SIM in a mobile phone？ ===
64.1	167
	168
	169	//Users can insert SIM cards into the mobile phone for testing.//
	170
71.5	171
64.1	172	[[image:image-20220718160804-3.png\|\|height="602" width="500"]]
	173
71.5	174
	175
15.1	176	= 3. Share Cellular Network for WiFi & LAN clients =
1.2	177
15.1	178
1.12	179	(((
15.1	180	//By default, the Cellular Network won't be shared with the WiFi or LAN clients. If users need to share with them, the user can modify the file.//
1.12	181	)))
1.2	182
1.5	183	(% class="box" %)
	184	(((
1.12	185	(((
15.1	186	root@dragino-1d25dc:~~# cat /etc/config/firewall
	187
1.5	188	config defaults
1.2	189	option syn_flood '1'
	190	option input 'ACCEPT'
	191	option output 'ACCEPT'
	192	option forward 'REJECT'
	193	config zone
	194	option name 'lan'
	195	list network 'lan'
	196	option input 'ACCEPT'
	197	option output 'ACCEPT'
1.5	198	option forward 'REJECT'
1.2	199	config zone
	200	option name 'wan'
	201	list network 'wan'
	202	list network 'wwan'
	203	list network 'wan6'
1.5	204	list network 'cellular' ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~--> Add this line and reboot
1.2	205	option input 'REJECT'
	206	option output 'ACCEPT'
	207	option forward 'ACCEPT'
	208	option masq '1'
	209	option mtu_fix '1'
	210	config forwarding
	211	option src 'lan'
	212	option dest 'wan'
1.5	213	)))
1.12	214	)))
1.2	215
1.14	216	(((
15.1	217	//and run /etc/init.d/firewall reload or reboot the device.//
	218
55.1	219
	220
44.1	221	= 4. Switching between Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks =
	222
	223
55.1	224	//By default, Cell is the backup WAN where the Ethernet or Wi-Fi network is used first if they are available.//
44.1	225
55.1	226	//Once the Ethernet of the Wi-Fi network is unavailable where the gateway network will switch to a Cell network from Ethernet or Wi-Fi.//
53.1	227
	228
	229
55.1	230	Enable Cellular and connect Ethernet at the same time
53.1	231
71.5	232	ETH icon is displayed as [[image:1658135519305-444.png\|\|height="18" width="19"]] Indicates that Ethernet is the main working network.
53.1	233
71.5	234	Cell icon is displayed as [[image:1658135500498-725.png\|\|height="17" width="17"]] Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.
53.1	235
55.1	236
71.5	237	(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
	238
67.1	239	== 4.1 Switching between Cellular and Ethernet networks ==
55.1	240
	241
	242	//When connecting to the AP WiFI of the gateway, users can access the Web UI of the gateway through the default address 10.130.1.1//
	243
51.1	244	[[image:image-20220606140622-2.png\|\|height="664" width="1106"]]
44.1	245
	246
54.1	247	//Remove the network cable from the WAN port on the gateway, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.//
53.1	248
	249	[[image:image-20220606140859-4.png\|\|height="687" width="1107"]]
	250
71.5	251	(% style="display:none" %) (%%)
55.1	252
71.5	253
51.1	254	== 4.2 Switching between Cellular and WiFi networks ==
44.1	255
53.1	256
	257	(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
54.1	258	//Enable Cellular and connect WiFi at the same time//
53.1	259
71.5	260	//WiFi icon is displayed as //[[image:1658135519305-444.png\|\|height="23" width="24"]] Indicates that WiFi is the main working network.
53.1	261
71.5	262	//Cell icon is displayed as //[[image:1658135500498-725.png\|\|height="23" width="22"]]// Indicates that Cellular is the backup WAN.//
53.1	263
71.5	264
51.1	265	[[image:image-20220606141113-7.png\|\|height="678" width="1106"]]
	266
53.1	267
54.1	268	//Close the WiFi WAN, the gateway will switch to a Cellular network.//
53.1	269
51.1	270	[[image:image-20220606140932-5.png\|\|height="687" width="1107"]]
	271
45.1	272
71.5	273
55.1	274	== 4.3 At the same time start Cellular and Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks ==
53.1	275
	276
	277	[[image:image-20220606140328-1.png\|\|height="682" width="1108"]]
	278
71.5	279
15.1	280
1.14	281	)))
1.2	282
44.1	283	= 5. How does the gateway view the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) =
1.2	284
	285
74.1	286	Users can get the IMEI via Linux command, but you have to access the gateway CLI.
	287
	288	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	289	(((
	290	root@dragino-1b7c4c:~~# comgt -d /dev/ttyModemAT -s /etc/gcom/getimsi.gcom
	291	)))
	292
	293	[[image:image-20221027140604-1.png\|\|height="330" width="707"]]
	294
	295
	296	[[image:image-20221027151146-2.png\|\|height="554" width="1000"]]
	297
	298
	299	== How does the gateway access the Quetel module directly (to send AT commands) ==
	300
	301
15.1	302	//Users can access the gateway CLI and run the minicom command to get the configuration interface.//
	303
1.13	304	(((
15.1	305
	306
16.1	307	//Enter the minicom command, then select the option ''serial port setup".//
1.13	308	)))
1.2	309
1.5	310	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	311	(((
71.4	312	root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# minicom -s
1.5	313	)))
1.2	314
31.2	315	[[image:image-20220527154132-6.png]]
1.2	316
	317
15.1	318	And then, change the setting:
1.2	319
15.1	320	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	321	(((
71.5	322	Serial Device : (% style="color:#037691" %)/dev/ttyModemAT
1.2	323
71.5	324	Bps/Par/Bits :(% style="color:#037691" %) 9600 8N1(%%)
15.1	325	)))
1.2	326
15.1	327
71.5	328	(% style="color:red" %)//Note: Enter the corresponding letter to change the configuration, like A,B,C//
15.1	329
31.2	330	[[image:image-20220527154154-7.png]]
1.2	331
	332
71.5	333	(((
	334	//Enter (% style="color:blue" %)AT+GSN (%%)in the interface to get the IMEI,//
	335	)))
1.2	336
71.5	337	(((
	338	//For example: (% style="color:#037691" %)860548042566627(%%)//
	339	)))
1.2	340
1.6	341	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	342	(((
1.13	343	(((
31.2	344	AT+GSN
1.6	345	)))
1.13	346	)))
1.2	347
31.2	348	[[image:image-20220527154231-8.png]]
1.2	349
18.1	350
71.5	351
56.1	352	= 6. How does the gateway connect to the network via a USB 4G Dongle =
1.2	353
18.1	354
56.1	355	== 6.1 Introduction ==
1.2	356
20.1	357
22.1	358	(% style="color:red" %)//Prerequisite: Requires a USB 4G Dongle and a supported gateway firmware//
1.2	359
1.15	360	(((
16.1	361	//This introduces a setup and configured gateway for using a USB 3g/UMTS-modem for WAN connection.//
20.1	362
	363
1.15	364	)))
1.2	365
1.15	366	(((
20.1	367	//Many modes (and most LTE) USB modems provide qmi, mbim, ncm, rndis protocol for connection instead of legacy ppp protocol, they are faster and better, overall recommended.//
1.15	368	)))
1.2	369
1.15	370	(((
16.1	371	//This is not beginner-friendly due to too many protocols.//
20.1	372
	373	//For more information: [[https:~~/~~/openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle>>url:https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wan/wwan/3gdongle]]//
	374
71.6	375
20.1	376
1.15	377	)))
1.2	378
56.1	379	== 6.2 How to use the USB Dongle at the gateway ==
1.2	380
18.1	381
16.1	382	//Most of the products can be used on the gateway, but because their protocols are different, they are not used in the same way.//
1.2	383
1.15	384	(((
20.1	385	//For example, the Huawei-E3372/E8372 is using Hilink mode or NCM mode.//
1.15	386	)))
1.2	387
1.8	388	(% class="box" %)
	389	(((
	390	Huawei-E3372/E8372
16.1	391	Check the (% style="color:#037691" %)E3372(% style="color:black" %) version to determine the mode.
1.2	392	The version numbers starting with 21 is NCM mode
	393	The version numbers starting with 22 is Hilink mode
16.1	394	The E8372 only has Hilink mode
	395	~ (% style="color:red" %)Note： The e3372 in the vast majority of cases is Hilink mode
1.8	396	)))
1.2	397
21.1	398
71.6	399
56.1	400	== 6.3 Hilink mode ==
1.2	401
18.1	402
16.1	403	//Gateway upgrade to the specified firmware:[[Hilink.mode~~-~~-build-v5.4.1625627505>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_Gateway/LG308-LG301/Firmware/USB-Dongle_firmware/Hilink.mode--build-v5.4.1625627505-20210707-1113/]]//
1.2	404
18.1	405
71.6	406
56.1	407	=== 6.3.1 Plugs into the device ===
1.2	408
18.1	409
1.16	410	(((
16.1	411	//USB-Dongle plugs into the gateway USB port//
1.16	412	)))
1.2	413
1.16	414	(((
16.1	415	//Check the USB module via command (% style="color:#037691" %)lsusb//
1.16	416	)))
1.2	417
1.16	418	(((
16.1	419	(% style="color:red" %)//Note: Users need to that connect to the gateway command line via ssh.//
1.16	420	)))
1.2	421
32.2	422	[[image:image-20220527154739-9.png]]
1.2	423
18.1	424
71.6	425
56.1	426	=== 6.3.2 Detection of new network interfaces added ===
1.2	427
18.1	428
20.1	429	//Check network configuration command line input: //
1.2	430
16.1	431	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	432	(((
	433	(((
71.3	434	~ root@dragino-1ef9ac:~~# ifconfig -a
16.1	435	)))
	436	)))
1.2	437
33.2	438	[[image:image-20220527154822-10.png]]
1.2	439
16.1	440	//In the command, the output user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)eth2//
1.2	441
16.1	442	//Usually, the user can see that the new interface added is (% style="color:#037691" %)eth2 (% style="color:black" %)or (% style="color:#037691" %)wwan0//
1.2	443
18.1	444
71.6	445
56.1	446	=== 6.3.3 Add the new interface to the network configuration. ===
1.2	447
18.1	448
16.1	449	//Enter the configuration from the command line~://
1.2	450
1.11	451	(% class="box" %)
	452	(((
	453	uci set network.lte=interface
1.2	454	uci set network.lte.proto=dhcp
1.11	455	uci set network.lte.ifname=eth2 ~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-->#This depend on the name of the new interface gateway add
1.2	456	uci commit network
	457	uci set firewall.@zone[1].network="wan wwan wan6 lte"
	458	uci commit firewall
	459	/etc/init.d/network restart
1.11	460	)))
1.2	461
34.2	462	[[image:image-20220527154937-11.png]]
1.2	463
	464
19.1	465	//Checking Network Configurations//
18.1	466
16.1	467	//Command-line input: (% style="color:#037691" %)ifconfig//
1.2	468
35.2	469	[[image:image-20220527155013-12.png]]
1.2	470
16.1	471	//Now, Gateway is configured to access the internet on the LTE network.//
1.2	472
18.1	473
71.6	474
56.1	475	== 6.4 NCM mode ==
1.2	476
18.1	477
56.1	478	== 6.5 Troubleshooting ==
1.2	479
18.1	480
56.1	481	=== 6.5.1 The USB-Dongle interface cannot obtain the IP address. ===
1.2	482
18.1	483
16.1	484	//Please try this USB dongle to access the internet on your PC, to make sure this USB dongle can normally access the internet.//
1.2	485
18.1	486
71.6	487
56.1	488	= 7. How to reduce data traffic =
1.2	489
18.1	490
56.1	491	== 7.1 Reduce Status Uplink Interval ==
1.2	492
	493
18.1	494	//The gateways will use the data traffic below two places.//
	495
	496
16.1	497	//1. There is the data traffic from LoRa package Forward which were the gateway status package and sensor end node uplink/downlink.//
1.2	498
16.1	499	//For this case, by default, the gateway will uplink self-status to the LoRaWAN server per the 30s. the users can adjust the interval time.//
1.2	500
36.2	501	[[image:image-20220527155108-13.png]]
1.2	502
18.1	503
71.3	504
16.1	505	//2. There is the data traffic from the gateway check self-network status. by default, the gateway will check the network per 15s.//
1.2	506
16.1	507	//For this case, We have monitored the loss of data traffic, which is the loss of 2M data traffic per day. the users can adjust the interval time following screenshots.//
1.2	508
39.2	509	[[image:image-20220527155358-16.png]]
1.2	510
16.1	511	//System General interface//
1.2	512
	513
39.2	514	[[image:image-20220527155229-15.png]]
	515
16.1	516	//Keepalive script interval time settings//
1.2	517
43.1	518
71.6	519
56.1	520	== 7.2 Filter unwanted packets ==
43.1	521
71.6	522
43.1	523	See [[How to filter unwanted packets>>doc:Main.Filter unwanted LoRaWAN packets.WebHome]]
	524
76.1	525
	526	== 7.3 Usage statistics ==
	527
	528
	529	~1. Activate LuCI and connect to SSH following [[these instructions>>doc:Main.Install Luci in the new UI firmware.WebHome]]
	530
	531	2. Install luci-app-statistics using the following terminal commands:
	532
	533	{{{opkg update
	534	opkg install luci-app-statistics
	535	opkg install collectd-mod-interface
	536	/etc/init.d/collectd enable
	537	reboot
	538	}}}
	539
	540	3. Select the interface to be monitored by going to Statistics > Setup in the upper menu
	541
	542	4. View the graphs and statistics using by going to Statistics > Graphs
	543
	544	[[image:image-20221124133431-1.png]]

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