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Xiaoling 3.1 1 (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="HEndDeviceFrequencyBand" %)
Xiaoling 12.2 2 **Table of** **Contents:**
Xiaoling 1.1 3
Xiaoling 3.1 4 {{toc/}}
Xiaoling 1.1 5
Xiaoling 8.1 6
7
8
Xiaoling 3.1 9 = 1. Introduction =
Xiaoling 1.1 10
Xiaoling 12.2 11
Xiaoling 1.1 12 This page list the default frequency band for Dragino End Devices. The frequency bands are base on TTN Frequency Bands. User can modify upgrade firmware to support different frequency band or use AT Command to change the sub band in some frequency bands.
13
14 * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
15 * Frequency Bands vs Country List : Page 11 of [[LoRaWAN Regional Parameters RP2-1.0.3>>url:https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp2-1-0-3-lorawan-regional-parameters]]
16
Xiaoling 3.1 17 = 2. OTAA Join Behaviour =
Xiaoling 1.1 18
Xiaoling 12.2 19
Edwin Chen 15.1 20 Since 005 LoRaWAN stack: to save battery, once boot, device will first make 200 tries for OTAA Join, the time period of two Join Requests will depends on the DR and the airtime requirement. After this 200 Join finish, device will send a join request every 20 minutes. If device reboot, it will do above loop again.
Xiaoling 1.1 21
Xiaoling 3.6 22 (((
Edwin Chen 15.1 23 Since 005 LoRaWAN Stack:
Xiaoling 3.6 24 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 25
26 * EU868 OTAA Join DR select. SF7->SF8->SF9->SF10->SF11->SF12; Each 3 attempts and then loop
Edwin Chen 16.1 27 * US915 and AU915 OTAA Join procedure,. End node by default will use all 72 channels (All sub-bands) to join and it will be set to use the proper sub-band after Join success
Xiaoling 1.1 28
Xiaoling 3.1 29 = 3. Default Frequency Bands =
Xiaoling 1.1 30
Xiaoling 3.1 31 == 3.1 AS923 ==
Xiaoling 1.1 32
Xiaoling 3.1 33 === 3.1.1 Notice for AS923 Frequency Bands ===
Xiaoling 1.1 34
Xiaoling 12.2 35
Xiaoling 3.6 36 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 37 Since [[RP002-1.0.1LoRaWAN Regional Parameters>>url:https://lora-alliance.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/rp_2-1.0.1.pdf]], AS923 include three different default settings for different countries: AS923-1, AS923-2 and AS923-3.
Xiaoling 3.6 38 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 39
Xiaoling 3.6 40 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 41 AS923-1 use the same default uplink frequency as previous AS923 firmware. AS923-2 and AS923-3 are new with different default uplink frequency. User need to know exactly the frequency bands from the LoRaWAN server and choose the right firmware version for the end node.
Xiaoling 3.6 42 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 43
44
Xiaoling 3.1 45 === 3.1.2 AS920-923 & AS923-925 : AS923-1 (AS923) ===
Xiaoling 1.1 46
Xiaoling 12.2 47
Edwin Chen 12.1 48 * **Countries**: Malaysia,
Xiaoling 1.1 49 * Default Uplink channel:
50 ** 923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
51 ** 923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
52
53 * Additional Uplink Channel: These channels are set during OTAA Join process from server. Below are the settings from TTN
54 * AS920~~AS923:
55 ** 922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
56 ** 922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
57 ** 922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
58 ** 922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
59 ** 923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
60 ** 922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
61
62 * AS923 ~~ AS925:
63 ** 923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
64 ** 923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
65 ** 924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
66 ** 924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
67 ** 924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
68 ** 924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
69
70 * Downlink:
71 ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
72 ** 923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
73
Xiaoling 3.1 74 === 3.1.3 AS923-2 ===
Xiaoling 1.1 75
Xiaoling 12.2 76
Xiaoling 1.1 77 * Default Uplink channel:
78 ** 921.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
79 ** 921.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
80
81 * Additional Uplink Channels: These channels are set during OTAA Join process from server.
82
83 * Downlink:
84 ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
85 ** 921.4 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
86
Xiaoling 3.1 87 === 3.1.4 AS923-3 ===
Xiaoling 1.1 88
Xiaoling 12.2 89
Xiaoling 1.1 90 * Default Uplink channel:
91 ** 916.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
92 ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
93
94 * Additional Uplink Channels: These channels are set during OTAA Join process from server.
95
96 * Downlink:
97 ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
98 ** 916.6 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
99
Xiaoling 3.1 100 === 3.1.5 AS923-4 ===
Xiaoling 1.1 101
Xiaoling 12.2 102
Edwin Chen 2.1 103 * Countries : Israel
Xiaoling 1.1 104 * Default Uplink channel:
105 ** 917.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
106 ** 917.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
107
108 * Additional Uplink Channels: These channels are set during OTAA Join process from server.
109 * Downlink:
110 ** Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
111 ** 917.3 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
112
Xiaoling 3.1 113 == 3.2 AU915-928(AU915) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 114
Xiaoling 12.2 115
Xiaoling 1.1 116 **Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]** , Default use CHE=2
117
118 * Uplink:
119 ** 916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
120 ** 917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
121 ** 917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
122 ** 917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
123 ** 917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
124 ** 917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
125 ** 918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
126 ** 918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
127
128 * Downlink:
129 ** 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
130 ** 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
131 ** 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
132 ** 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
133 ** 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
134 ** 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
135 ** 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
136 ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
137 ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
138
Xiaoling 3.8 139 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 140 There is a issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only works for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, user need to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvinient.
Xiaoling 3.8 141 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 142
Xiaoling 3.8 143
144 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 145 So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, To make sure the end node supports all sub band by default. In the OTAA Join process, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join.
Xiaoling 3.8 146 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 147
Xiaoling 3.8 148
149 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 150 After Join success, the end node will switch to the correct sub band by:
Xiaoling 3.8 151 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 152
Xiaoling 3.8 153 * (((
154 Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that sub-band
155 )))
156 * (((
Xiaoling 13.3 157 Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include sub-band info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
Xiaoling 6.1 158
Xiaoling 12.2 159
Xiaoling 6.1 160
Xiaoling 3.8 161 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 162
Xiaoling 3.1 163 == 3.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 164
Xiaoling 12.2 165
Xiaoling 1.1 166 Used in China, Default use CHE=1
167
168 * Uplink:
169 ** 486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
170 ** 486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
171 ** 486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
172 ** 486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
173 ** 487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
174 ** 487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
175 ** 487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
176 ** 487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
177
178 * Downlink:
179 ** 506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
180 ** 506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
181 ** 507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
182 ** 507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
183 ** 507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
184 ** 507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
185 ** 507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
186 ** 508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
187 ** 505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
188
Xiaoling 3.1 189 == 3.4 EU863-870 (EU868) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 190
Xiaoling 12.2 191
Xiaoling 1.1 192 * Uplink:
193 ** 868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
194 ** 868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
195 ** 868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
196 ** 867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
197 ** 867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
198 ** 867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
199 ** 867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
200 ** 867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
201 ** 868.8 - FSK
202
203 * Downlink:
204 ** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
205 ** 869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
206
207 OTAA RX2DR is set to DR0, SF12BW125 since 2021,Mar for Dragino Devices.
208
209
Xiaoling 3.1 210 == 3.5 IN865-867 (IN865) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 211
Xiaoling 12.2 212
Xiaoling 1.1 213 * Uplink:
214 ** 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
215 ** 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
216 ** 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
217
218 * Downlink:
219 ** Uplink channels 1-3 (RX1)
220 ** 866.550 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
221
Edwin Chen 13.1 222 Gateway has below eight channels in IN865 bands.
Xiaoling 12.2 223
Edwin Chen 13.1 224 * 865.0625 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
225 * 865.4025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
226 * 865.6025 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
227 * 865.9850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
228 * 866.1850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
229 * 866.3850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
230 * 866.5850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
231 * 866.7850 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Xiaoling 12.2 232
Xiaoling 3.1 233 == 3.6 KZ865 ==
Xiaoling 1.1 234
Xiaoling 12.2 235
Xiaoling 1.1 236 * Uplink ~-~- 125Khz , DR0 - DR5
237 ** 865.1
238 ** 865.2
239 ** 865.5
240 ** 865.7
241 ** 865.9
242
243 * Downlink:
244 ** The RX1 receive window uses the same channel as the preceding uplink.
245 ** The RX2 receive window uses a fixed frequency and data rate. The default parameters are 866.7MHz / DR0 (SF12, 125 kHz)​
246
Xiaoling 3.1 247 == 3.7 KR920-923 (KR920) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 248
Xiaoling 12.2 249
Xiaoling 1.1 250 * Default channel:
251 ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
252 ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
253 ** 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
254
255 * Uplink: (OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
256 ** 922.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
257 ** 922.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
258 ** 922.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
259 ** 922.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
260 ** 922.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
261 ** 923.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
262 ** 923.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
263
264 * Downlink:
265 ** Uplink channels 1-7(RX1)
266 ** 921.9 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only; SF12BW125 might be changed to SF9BW125)
267
Xiaoling 3.1 268 == 3.8 MA869 ==
Xiaoling 1.1 269
Xiaoling 12.2 270
Edwin Chen 4.1 271 Country: Morroco
272
Xiaoling 1.1 273 * Uplink:
274 ** 869.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
275 ** 869.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
276 ** 869.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
277 ** 869.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
278 ** 869.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
279 ** 870.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
280 ** 870.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
281 ** 870.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
282 ** 869.8 - FSK
283
284 * Downlink:
285 ** Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
286 ** 869.525 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
287
Xiaoling 3.1 288 == 3.9 US902-928 (US915) ==
Xiaoling 1.1 289
Xiaoling 12.2 290
Xiaoling 1.1 291 Used in USA, Canada and South America.
292
Xiaoling 6.1 293
Xiaoling 3.1 294 === 3.9.1 Before [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]. ===
Xiaoling 1.1 295
Xiaoling 12.2 296
Xiaoling 1.1 297 Default use CHE=2, Subband 2
298
299 * Uplink:
300 ** 903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
301 ** 904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
302 ** 904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
303 ** 904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
304 ** 904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
305 ** 904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
306 ** 905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
307 ** 905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
308
309 * Downlink:
310 ** 923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
311 ** 923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
312 ** 924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
313 ** 925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
314 ** 925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
315 ** 926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
316 ** 926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
317 ** 927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
318 ** 923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
319
Xiaoling 3.1 320 === 3.9.2 Latest firmware, Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]] ===
Xiaoling 1.1 321
Xiaoling 12.4 322
Xiaoling 3.7 323 (((
Xiaoling 1.1 324 There is an issue if the end node is fixed at sub-band2. The sensor won't be able to register to other sub-band and can only work for the LoRaWAN server use sub-band2 , such as TTN. To solve this, the user needs to use a USB-TTL adapter to connect to the end node to manually set the sub-band which is very inconvenient.
Xiaoling 3.7 325 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 326
Xiaoling 3.7 327 (((
Edwin Chen 16.1 328 So since **Since [[Dragino DLS-005 LoRaWAN Stack>>url:https://www.dragino.com/downloads/downloads/LoRa_End_Node/DR-LWS/changelog]]**, we have improved this, the end node will use frequency 1 from sub-band1, then frequency 1 from sub-band2, then frequency 1 from sub-band3, etc to process the OTAA join. In this case, the end node can support LoRaWAN servers with different subbands. To make sure the end node will only transmit the proper sub-band after OTAA Joined successfully, the end node will:
Xiaoling 3.7 329 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 330
Xiaoling 3.7 331 * (((
332 Check what sub-band the LoRaWAN server ask from the OTAA Join Accept message and switch to that subband
333 )))
334 * (((
335 Use the Join successful sub-band if the server doesn't include subband info in the OTAA Join Accept message ( TTN v2 doesn't include)
Xiaoling 6.1 336
Xiaoling 12.3 337
Xiaoling 6.1 338
Xiaoling 3.7 339 )))
Xiaoling 1.1 340
Xiaoling 3.1 341 = 4. Frequency Bands for different server =
Xiaoling 1.1 342
Xiaoling 12.4 343
Xiaoling 1.1 344 * TTN Frequency Band Settings: [[https:~~/~~/www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html>>url:https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequency-plans.html]]
345 * Loriot [[https:~~/~~/docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans>>url:https://docs.loriot.io/display/LNS/Regional+Frequency+Plans]]
Xiaoling 13.4 346
Edwin Chen 14.1 347 = 5. Subband Related questiones in US915, AU915, CN470 bands. =
348
Xiaoling 14.2 349
Edwin Chen 14.1 350 Frequency band US915, AU915 and CN470 supports totally 72 frequency in 8 sub-bands, Normally Gateway only support 8 channels ( one subband). So how does the gateway and end nodes work in such frequency?
351
Xiaoling 14.2 352
Edwin Chen 14.1 353 == 5.1 Set Subband in Gateway. ==
354
355
Xiaoling 14.2 356 * If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Semtech UDP packet**(%%) forwarder to Connect to LoRaWAN server. User need to manually set the match Subband in the gateway web UI.
357
358 * If Gateway choose (% style="color:blue" %)**Basic Station Mode**(%%) to connect to the LoRaWAN server. User can set the subband in the Server side and gateway will the correct subband from server. no need to set this in gateway. AWS-IoT, TTN, ChirpStack all supports Basic Station Connection.
359
Edwin Chen 14.1 360 == 5.2 Set Subband in End Node ==
361
Xiaoling 14.2 362
Edwin Chen 14.1 363 * In early End Node firmware, it is pre-set to subband 2 , user need to manually set to proper subband if they don;t use subband 2.
Xiaoling 14.2 364
Edwin Chen 14.1 365 * In new end node firmware , it supports all sub-bands, and will swtich to the proper subband after OTAA join. So user can use the end node with all sub-band.
366
367 Reference: [[How it affects the OTAA Join when end node is set to support all subbands>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/LoRaWAN%20Communication%20Debug/#H13.WhyittakeslongertimeforOTAAjoinedinUS9152FCN4702FAU915band3F]]?
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Xiaoling 13.4 373
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