Wiki source code of Armbian OS instruction

Version 101.1 by Xiaoye on 2023/07/12 20:15

version	line-number	content
15.1	1	Table of Contents：
	2
	3	{{toc/}}
	4
1.1	5
50.1	6
	7
48.2	8	= 1. Overview =
	9
	10
1.1	11	This is a general instruction for the use of Armbian base OS of Dragino devices. Current models include:
	12
	13	* HP0A
	14	* HP0C
	15	* LPS8v2
55.1	16	* MS20
1.1	17
90.3	18	(% style="display:none" %)
90.2	19
	20
48.2	21	= 2. Development Guide =
	22
	23
70.4	24	For advanced users to develop Driver/ Linux etc.
4.1	25
25.1	26
48.2	27	== 2.1 How to recompile LoRaWAN Concentrator Driver ( dragino-fwd package). ==
4.1	28
	29
48.3	30	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 1. Clone dragino-fwd package(%%) ===
4.1	31
30.1	32
70.4	33	Requirements:
48.3	34
70.4	35	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libsqlite3-dev(%%)
30.1	36
70.4	37	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)sudo apt install -y libftdi1-dev(%%)
11.1	38
48.3	39
70.4	40	Run command clone dragino-fwd package: (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)git clone https:~/~/github.com/dragino/dragino_fwd_src.git(%%)
11.1	41
70.4	42
11.1	43	[[image:image-20220527151010-1.png]]
	44
	45
48.3	46	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 2. Compile dragino_fwd(%%) ===
48.1	47
11.1	48
70.4	49	After cloning is complete, Run the command starts compiling:
48.3	50
70.5	51	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)Compile HP0C/HP0A fwd: ./hp0z-make-deb.sh c
70.4	52
70.5	53
11.1	54	The following example compilers HP0C fwd.
	55
	56	[[image:image-20220527153913-3.png]]
	57
	58
	59
70.5	60	When the compilation is complete a** (% style="color:blue" %)draginofwd-.deb(%%) *package is generated.
	61
11.1	62	[[image:image-20220527154311-4.png\|\|height="385" width="773"]]
	63
25.1	64
48.3	65	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 3. Install the dragino_fwd(%%) ===
11.1	66
14.1	67
70.4	68	Run command:
11.1	69
70.5	70	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)*dpkg -i draginofwd-.deb **
11.1	71
70.4	72
11.1	73	[[image:image-20220527154811-5.png]]
	74
	75
48.3	76	=== (% style="color:blue" %)Step 4. Test(%%) ===
14.1	77
48.3	78
70.5	79	Check the dragino_fwd log:
11.1	80
70.5	81	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)journalctl -u draginofwd -f
11.1	82
70.4	83
13.1	84	[[image:image-20220527165221-7.png\|\|height="182" width="931"]]
11.1	85
48.3	86
70.5	87	Start/stop dragino_fwd via systemctl:
11.1	88
70.5	89	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)systemctl start draginofwd
13.1	90
70.5	91	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)systemctl stop draginofwd
46.1	92
13.1	93
48.3	94	== 2.2 How to clone Complete OS on the EMMC to SD card ==
27.1	95
48.3	96
57.1	97
67.2	98
51.1	99
	100
	101
	102
	103
	104
	105
98.1	106
	107
	108
	109
	110
	111	== 2.3 How to flash SD card to (eMMC) device's built-in Memory ==
	112
	113	=== 2.3.1 Prepare an SD card with OS ===
	114
	115
	116	==== (% style="background-color:yellow" %)//Preparations~://(%%) ====
	117
	118	1. Prepare an SD card and a card reader device
	119	1. Formatting the SD card (Make sure the SD card is empty)
	120	1. Download the OS image from the [[release.image>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/hp0c-image/]]: ( File format dragino-lps8v2-1.7.img )
	121	1. A Flash software tool ( Such as v1.7.9 from [[balenaEtcher>>url:https://www.balena.io/etcher/]] )
	122	1. SD Card [[formatter>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/PanasonicSDFormatter.zip]]
	123
	124
97.1	125	==== Step 1. Formatting the SD Card ====
	126
	127	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609111027-9.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609111027-9.png" height="318" width="292"]]
	128
	129
	130	==== Step 2. Select the OS image ====
	131
	132	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104907-8.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609104907-8.png" height="435" width="689"]]
	133
	134
	135	==== Step 3. Select the target ====
	136
	137	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104637-2.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609104637-2.png" height="436" width="690"]]
	138
	139	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104701-3.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609104701-3.png" height="436" width="690"]]
	140
	141
	142	==== Step 4. Flash start ====
	143
	144	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104727-4.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609104727-4.png" height="435" width="689"]]
	145
	146	[[image:http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/download/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0D/WebHome/image-20220609104741-5.png?rev=1.1\|\|alt="image-20220609104741-5.png" height="434" width="687"]]
	147
	148
	149
67.2	150	=== 2.3.2 Flash SD card to device's eMMC ===
	151
	152
98.1	153	1. Open the device's enclosure, and put the SD card into the SD card slot
	154	1. After the device is powered on, use the serial port or gateway ip address to access the CLI of the gateway.
	155	1. Login and run the below command to flash.
51.1	156
	157
97.1	158	//The following are two methods for accessing the gateway CLI~://
	159
	160
98.1	161	* Method1. Use the serial port USB to access the gateway CLI
97.1	162
98.1	163	For more information about how to access gateway using serial USB, see this link:
97.1	164
	165	[[http:~~/~~/wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H6.HowuserscanaccessLPS8-V2usingserialUSB>>http://wiki.dragino.com/xwiki/bin/view/Main/User%20Manual%20for%20All%20Gateway%20models/HP0C/#H6.HowuserscanaccessLPS8-V2usingserialUSB]]
	166
	167
98.1	168	* Method2. Use the IP address to access the gateway CLI
97.1	169
98.1	170	Users can access the gateway CLI via the SSH protocol. Make sure your PC and the gateway are connected to the same network, then use a SSH tool (such as [[putty>>url:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~~sgtatham/putty/download.html]] in Windows) to access it.
97.1	171
	172
	173	IP address: IP address of gateway or Fallback IP(172.31.255.254)
	174
	175	Port: 22
	176
	177	User Name: (% style="color:blue" %)root
	178
	179	Password: (% style="color:blue" %)dragino(%%) (default)
	180
	181	//After logging in, you will be in the gateway CLI and can enter commands as shown below.//
	182
	183
	184	[[image:image-20230508155357-1.png\|\|height="225" width="634"]]
	185
	186
70.4	187	Run command:
27.1	188
70.6	189	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)nand-sata-install
27.1	190
70.4	191
27.1	192	[[image:image-20220602112051-1.png]]
	193
28.1	194
27.1	195
70.7	196	Select the (% style="color:red" %)"Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC".
	197
27.1	198	[[image:image-20220602112058-2.png\|\|height="292" width="646"]]
	199
72.2	200
27.1	201	[[image:image-20220602112106-3.png\|\|height="301" width="643"]]
	202
	203
72.2	204
70.7	205	Select the (% style="color:red" %)"1 ext4"
27.1	206
	207	[[image:image-20220602112113-4.png\|\|height="271" width="642"]]
	208
	209
70.7	210
27.1	211	It takes 4-5 minutes to burn from SD card to eMMC
	212
	213	[[image:image-20220602112119-5.png\|\|height="309" width="641"]]
	214
72.2	215
27.1	216	[[image:image-20220602112125-6.png\|\|height="281" width="640"]]
	217
72.2	218
27.1	219	[[image:image-20220602112131-7.png\|\|height="241" width="638"]]
	220
	221
	222	(% style="color:red" %)Note: After the flash is complete, power off the device and then remove the SD card.
	223
28.1	224
72.1	225	== 2.4 Default Built Version ==
67.2	226
72.2	227
72.1	228	[[image:image-20220902155621-1.png]]
	229
	230
84.2	231	== 2.5 How to upgrade the nodejs version to the latest. ==
72.1	232
78.1	233
	234	By default, the nodejs uses the pre-install version v12 which is due to Debian the ultra-stable via ultra-old.
	235
	236	[[image:image-20221112145029-2.png]]
	237
	238	If you want to upgrade the nodejs to the latest, please follow to use these commands on the gateway CIL.
	239
	240
	241	#install n, which is an Interactively Manage Your Node.js Versions
	242
83.1	243	[[image:image-20221112154230-3.png\|\|height="89" width="689"]]
78.1	244
	245	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	246	(((
	247	npm install -g n
	248	)))
	249
	250
	251	#Install the latest LTS Node.js release (downloading if necessary)
	252
83.1	253	[[image:image-20221112154418-4.png\|\|height="184" width="893"]]
	254
78.1	255	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	256	(((
	257	n lts
	258	)))
	259
	260
	261	#Remove all downloaded versions except the installed version
	262
83.1	263	[[image:image-20221112154456-5.png\|\|height="139" width="899"]]
78.1	264
	265	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	266	(((
	267	n prune
	268	)))
	269
	270
	271	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	272	(((
83.1	273	apt remove nodejs -y && apt autoremove -y && reboot
78.1	274	)))
	275
	276
	277	Check the current version
	278
83.1	279	[[image:image-20221112154724-6.png]]
78.1	280
	281	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	282	(((
	283	node -v
	284	)))
	285
	286
84.1	287	== 2.6 How to install Grafana and influxdb ==
	288
	289
	290	=== Grafana: ===
	291
	292
	293	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	294	(((
	295	curl https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/gpg.key \| gpg ~-~-dearmor \| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg >/dev/null
	296	echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana-archive-keyrings.gpg] https:~/~/packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" \| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
	297	apt update && apt install grafana
	298	)))
	299
	300
	301	Check the running status:
	302
	303
	304	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	305	(((
	306	systemctl status grafana-server
	307	)))
	308
	309
	310	configuration path:
	311
	312
	313	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	314	(((
	315	/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
	316	)))
	317
	318
	319	=== Influxdb: ===
	320
	321
	322	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	323	(((
	324	curl https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/influxdb.key \| gpg ~-~-dearmor \| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
	325	echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/influxdb-archive-keyring.gpg] https:~/~/repos.influxdata.com/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" \| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/influxdb.list
	326	apt update && apt install influxdb
	327	)))
	328
	329
	330	Check the running status:
	331
	332
	333	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	334	(((
	335	systemctl status influxdb
	336	)))
	337
	338
	339	configuration path:
	340
	341
	342	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	343	(((
	344	/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
	345	)))
	346
	347
95.6	348	= 3. Package Management =
	349
95.1	350	== 3.1 Default Package Maintain System ==
	351
95.6	352	=== 3.1.1 How Package-Auto-Update works? ===
95.1	353
	354
67.2	355	By default, LPS8v2 / MS20 series products have an auto-update feature for main packages. The device will connect to Dragino's auto-update server and check for updates.
	356
	357
	358	(% style="color:blue" %)When devices will check for updates?
	359
	360	* Devices will check for updates for every boot.
	361	* Devices will check for updates on every day midnight.
	362
	363	(% style="color:blue" %)What packages will be checked for updates?
	364
	365	dragino-httpd ~-~- Main Web UI http configuration
	366
	367	dragino-sid ~-~- SN write and read tool
	368
	369	dragino-ui ~-~- Gateway Web UI package
	370
	371	draginofwd ~-~- UDP packet forwarder, LoRa Base Station
	372
	373	draginoups ~-~- Miscellaneous between different versions
	374
	375
70.9	376
67.2	377	(% style="color:blue" %)Location and changelog for packages:
	378
	379	* Location: http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/
	380	* Changelog: [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt>>http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/Readme_HP0.txt]]
	381
	382	(% style="color:blue" %)How to view auto-updated log
	383
	384	You can view the log on the page of (% style="color:#037691" %)System ~-~-> Package Management.
	385
	386
	387	[[image:1661305025451-220.png]]
	388
	389
70.7	390
67.2	391	(% style="color:blue" %)Can I disable package-auto-update?
	392
70.8	393	You can check the checkbox and click the(% style="color:red" %) ‘SAVE’ (%%)button to enable or disable the auto-update.
67.2	394
	395
	396	[[image:1661305258501-636.png]]
	397
	398
95.1	399	=== 3.1.2 How to manually update core packages? ===
67.2	400
	401
70.8	402	You can click the (% style="color:red" %)‘Manual Update’(%%) to update the dragino's packages.
67.2	403
	404
	405	[[image:1661305328295-218.png]]
	406
	407
95.1	408	=== 3.1.3 How to manually update other packages? ===
67.2	409
	410
	411	For the other packages, you have to access the device's CLI to do it via the apt command.
	412
	413
95.1	414	== 3.2 Set up a 3^^rd^^ party package maintain server ==
67.2	415
95.1	416	=== 3.2.1 Overview ===
67.2	417
	418
	419	Customers can use their own package maintenance system instead of using the default one from Dragino. They need to set up a package maintenance system for Debian. Lots of instructions are available in Internet, below is a reference instruction.
	420
	421
95.1	422	=== 3.2.2 Install Apache2 HTTP server ===
67.2	423
	424
70.5	425	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt install apache2
67.2	426
	427
95.1	428	=== 3.2.3 Creating Package Directories ===
67.2	429
	430
70.5	431	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/(%%)
67.2	432
70.5	433	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/ -p(%%)
67.2	434
70.5	435	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)mkdir debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/ -p(%%)
67.2	436
	437
	438	Tree Structure:
	439
	440	(% style="color:red" %)Note: If you are not familiar with updating servers, most directory names are not recommended to be changed.
	441
	442
	443	└── debian
	444
	445	└── release
	446
	447	├── dists
	448
	449	│ └── stable
	450
	451	│ └── main
	452
	453	│ └── binary-armhf
	454
	455	└── pool
	456
	457	└── main
	458
	459	└── d
	460
70.5	461	└── dragino ~-~-> (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)This is the directory to store the packages. User can change it to other name.
67.2	462
	463
95.1	464	=== 3.2.4 Get deb packages ===
67.2	465
	466
	467	The deb packages for auto-update can be placed in (% style="color:blue" %)/var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)
	468
	469	Below is an example package(testing-0808.deb) for test purpose:
	470
	471
70.5	472	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget http:~/~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/testing-0808.deb(%%)
67.2	473
70.5	474	~ (% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp ./testing-0808.deb /var/www/html/debian/release/pool/main/d/dragino/(%%)
67.2	475
	476
95.1	477	=== 3.2.5 Generate Package Index file ===
67.2	478
	479
70.5	480	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/
67.2	481
70.5	482	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)dpkg-scanpackages pool/ > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages
67.2	483
70.5	484	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cat dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages \| gzip -9 > dists/stable/main/binary-armhf/Packages.gz
67.2	485
	486
	487	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Every time a package has been update, above comments need to be executed in the server to get the up-to-date package list.
	488
	489
95.1	490	=== 3.2.6 Generate Release file ===
67.2	491
	492
70.10	493	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Create the generated script:(%%) ====
67.2	494
	495
70.5	496	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
67.2	497
	498
70.5	499	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)wget [[http:~~/~~/repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh>>url:http://repo.dragino.com/release/tool/unimportant/generate-release.sh]]
67.2	500
70.5	501	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)chmod + x ./generate-release.sh
67.2	502
70.5	503	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)./generate-release.sh > Release
67.2	504
	505
95.1	506	=== 3.2.7 Sign the Release file with gpg and generating Inrelease file ===
67.2	507
	508
70.7	509	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Make sure auto-update server has gnupg(%%) ====
67.2	510
	511
70.5	512	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt install gnupg
68.2	513
	514
	515
70.7	516	==== (% style="color:blue" %)generate gpg key(%%) ====
67.2	517
	518
70.5	519	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg -gen-key
67.2	520
68.2	521
70.10	522	(% style="color:red" %)Note: Fill in the content as required and remember the name and email address.
67.2	523
	524
68.2	525
70.7	526	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Check the gen-key(%%) ====
67.2	527
	528
70.5	529	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gen -list-key
67.2	530
68.2	531
	532
70.7	533	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the release.gpg(%%) ====
67.2	534
	535
70.5	536	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cd /var/www/html/debian/release/dists/stable
67.2	537
70.5	538	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-detach-sign -o Release.gpg Release
67.2	539
	540
70.5	541	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-clearsign -o InRelease Release
67.2	542
	543
68.2	544
70.7	545	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Generate the public key(%%) ====
67.2	546
	547
70.5	548	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output <name>.asc ~-~-export <email address>
67.2	549
68.2	550
67.2	551	example: gpg ~-~-armor ~-~-output xiao.asc ~-~-export [[xiaoye@dragino.cc>>mailto:xiaoye@dragino.cc]]
	552
	553
	554
95.1	555	=== 3.2.8 Add url as apt source in LPS8v2 / MS20 ===
67.2	556
68.2	557
	558
70.7	559	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the public key(%%) ====
67.2	560
	561
70.5	562	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)cp xiao.asc /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/
67.2	563
70.7	564
68.2	565	(% style="color:red" %)Note: First need to transfer the public key from auto-update server to device.
67.2	566
68.2	567
	568
70.7	569	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Add the apt source list(%%) ====
67.2	570
68.2	571
67.2	572	Add the apt source list url and name this as test_server.list
	573
70.5	574	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)echo "deb http:~/~/<IP_address or hostname>/debian/release stable main" \| tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/test_server.list
67.2	575
	576
68.2	577
70.7	578	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Validate the apt repository(%%) ====
67.2	579
68.2	580
67.2	581	Get and install the testing package (download testing-0808.deb and test)
	582
70.5	583	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)apt update && apt install testing
67.2	584
68.2	585
67.2	586	Example output:
	587
68.2	588	[[image:1661306420449-569.png]]
67.2	589
	590
95.1	591	=== 3.2.9 Configure the gateway's auto-upgrade rules ===
67.2	592
	593
70.7	594	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Remove dragino apt source(%%) ====
67.2	595
	596
70.5	597	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)/etc/apt/sources.list
67.2	598
	599
70.2	600	[[image:1661306460134-112.png]]
67.2	601
	602
	603
70.7	604	==== (% style="color:blue" %)Set up automatic updates(%%) ====
67.2	605
	606
70.5	607	(% style="background-color:yellow; color:green" %)Path : /usr/lib/dragino/dragino-apt-updates
67.2	608
70.2	609
67.2	610	The device performs automatic updates from this script,
	611
	612	But it will now only look for dragino as a keyword, so you need to replace the keyword dragino with your own keyword.
	613
	614
70.2	615	[[image:1661306487761-768.png]]
95.2	616
	617
	618

Wiki source code of Armbian OS instruction

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